RESUMO
Polymers originating from natural macromolecule based polymeric materials have gained popularity due to the demand for green resources to develop unique, eco-friendly, and high-quality biopolymers. The objective of this review is to address the utilization of bionanomaterials to improve food quality, safety, security, and shelf life. Bionanomaterials are synthesized by integrating biological molecules with synthetic materials at the nanoscale. Nanostructured materials derived from biopolymers such as cellulose, chitin, or collagen can be employed for the development of sustainable food packaging. Green materials are cost-effective, biocompatible, biodegradable, and renewable. The interaction of nanoparticles with biological macromolecules must be analyzed to determine the properties of the packaging film. The nanoparticles control the growth of bacteria that cause food spoiling by releasing distinctive chemicals. Bio-nanocomposites and nanoencapsulation systems have been used in antimicrobial bio-based packaging solutions to improve the efficiency of synergism. Nanomaterials can regulate gas and moisture permeability, screen UV radiation, and limit microbial contamination, keeping the freshness and flavor of the food. Food packaging based on nanoparticles embedded biopolymers can alleviate environmental concerns by lowering the amount of packaging materials required and enhancing packaging recyclability. This results in less waste and a more eco-sustainable approach to food packaging. The study on current advances in the production of bionanomaterials for development of sustainable food packaging involves a detailed investigation of the available data from existing literature, as well as the compilation and analysis of relevant research results using statistical approaches.
RESUMO
Nanoparticles (NPs) have acquired significance in technological breakthroughs due to their unique properties, such as size, shape, chemical composition, physiochemical stability, crystal structure, and larger surface area. There is a huge demand for packaging materials that can keep food fresher for extended periods of time. The incorporation of nanoscale fillers in the polymer matrix would assists in the alleviation of packaging material challenges while also improving functional qualities. Increased barrier properties, thermal properties like melting point and glass transition temperatures, and changed functionalities like surface wettability and hydrophobicity are all features of these polymers containing nanocomposites. Inorganic nanoparticles also have the potential to reduce the growth of bacteria within the packaging. By incorporating nano-sized components into biopolymer-based packaging materials, waste material generated during the packaging process may be reduced. The different inorganic nanoparticles such as titanium oxide, zinc oxide, copper oxide, silver, and gold are the most preferred inorganic nanoparticles used in food packaging. Food systems can benefit from using these packaging materials and improve physicochemical and functional properties. The compatibility of inorganic nanoparticles and their various forms with different polymers make them excellent components for package fortification. This review article describes the various aspects of developing and applying inorganic nanoparticles in food packaging. This study provides diverse uses of metals and metal oxides nanoparticles in food packaging films for the development of improved packaging films that can extend the shelf life of food products. These packaging solutions containing nanoparticles would effectively preserve, protect, and maintain the quality of the food material.