Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 7 de 7
Filtrar
1.
Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi ; 28(10): 844-849, 2020 Oct 20.
Artigo em Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33105929

RESUMO

Objective: To understand the hepatitis C diagnosis type, progression and treatment in medical institutions. Methods: Monitoring posts were set up in the secondary and tertiary-level hospitals in some parts of the country. Reported infectious diseases cases of hepatitis C in sentinel hospitals during the three consecutive years from 2017 to 2019 were investigated to understand their general demographic characteristics, diagnosis, liver fibrosis degree, and treatment. The diagnosis, treatment and related factors were analyzed by chi square test and trend. Results: A total of 16 241 cases of hepatitis C were investigated in three years. Among them, 7 538 cases were clinically diagnosed (46.41%) and 8703 cases (53.59%) were confirmed as hepatitis C. Among the confirmed cases, 60 cases (0.69%) were acute and 8643 cases (99.31%) were chronic. In the past three years, the proportion of cases diagnosed by liver diseases related departments decreased from 62.23% to 40.01%, while the proportion of medical and surgical cases of non-liver diseases increased from less than 30% to nearly 60%. The proportion of confirmed cases in secondary hospitals (26.27%) was significantly lower than that in tertiary hospitals (62.48%), and the difference was statistically significant (χ (2) = 1594.833, P < 0.001). There were also differences in the proportion of confirmed cases in different regions (P < 0.001). The cases with FIB-4 > 3.25 accounted for 35.78%, and the proportion was increased significantly with age (χ (2) trend = 1159.624, P < 0.001). The average proportion of antiviral treatment was less than 10%, and the proportion of antiviral treatment in secondary hospitals was very low (2.13%); however, the proportion of liver-protective monotherapy treatment was decreased from 30.40% in 2017 to 11.14% in 2019, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The large-scale screening of hepatitis C by medical institutions is increasing year by year, but only about half of the cases can be diagnosed, and the diagnostic capacity of secondary hospitals is particularly unsatisfactory. Most of the confirmed cases are chronic hepatitis C, and more than one third of them have abnormal liver fibrosis indicators, and the proportion increases with age. The proportion of antiviral treatment for hepatitis C is lower in secondary than tertiary-level hospitals. Therefore, there is an urgent need to raise the attention of both parties (doctors and patients) to enhance diagnostic capabilities and expand the coverage of antiviral treatment for hepatitis C.


Assuntos
Antivirais , Hepatite C , Antivirais/uso terapêutico , China/epidemiologia , Hepacivirus , Hepatite C/tratamento farmacológico , Hepatite C/epidemiologia , Humanos , Cirrose Hepática/tratamento farmacológico , Cirrose Hepática/epidemiologia , Cirrose Hepática/virologia , Vigilância de Evento Sentinela
2.
Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi ; 51(6): 546-550, 2017 Jun 06.
Artigo em Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28592101

RESUMO

Objective: To explore the related factors for primary hepatic carcinoma (PHC) caused by chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and hepatitis C (CHC). Methods: According to the principle of cross-sectional study, a cluster random sample method was used, a total of 366 chronic hepatitis patients in hospitals were recruited from three provincial tertiary hospitals in Shanxi, Henan and Jilin between July 2016 and October 2016, respectively. Using a self-designed unified questionnaire, face-to-face interviews was conducted on subjects, including sex, age, alcohol consumption, coffee consumption, green tea consumption, fish consumption, smoking, HBV/HCV diagnosis and treatment, diabetes mellitus, family history of PHC (whether PHC in first-degree relatives), etc. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression were performed to identify the related factors for PHC with CHB and CHC. According to the clinical diagnosis the patients were divided into a chronic hepatitis group (not developing to PHC) and a PHC group. Results: Among 366 cases patients, 287 (78.4%) cases were male, 79 cases were female (21.6%), average age was (52.7±9.3) years. 202 cases were chronic hepatitis group, 164 cases were PHC group. Multivariate unconditional logistics regression analysis indicated that alcohol consumption (odds ratio (OR)=2.11, 95%CI: 1.18-3.75), family history of PHC (OR=5.12, 95%CI: 2.60-10.08) were positively correlated with the development of PHC in chronic b, green tea consumption (OR=0.45, 95%CI: 0.23-0.88), antiviral treatment (OR=0.19, 95%CI: 0.11-0.32) were negatively correlated. Alcohol consumption (OR=3.98, 95%CI: 1.14-13.85) was positively correlated with the development of PHC in chronic c, antiviral treatment (OR=0.14, 95%CI: 0.04-0.50) was negatively correlated. Conclusion: Alcohol consumption, family history of PHC, green tea consumption and antiviral treatment were the related factors for the development of PHC in chronic hepatitis b. Alcohol consumption and antiviral treatment were the related factors for the development of PHC in chronic hepatitis c.


Assuntos
Carcinoma Hepatocelular/epidemiologia , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/etiologia , Hepatite B Crônica/complicações , Hepatite C/complicações , Neoplasias Hepáticas/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/etiologia , Adulto , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/efeitos adversos , Antivirais/uso terapêutico , China/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Hepacivirus , Hepatite B Crônica/tratamento farmacológico , Hepatite C/tratamento farmacológico , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Razão de Chances , Fatores de Risco , Fumar , Inquéritos e Questionários , Chá
3.
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi ; 45(3): 464-472, 2024 Mar 10.
Artigo em Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38514325

RESUMO

Objective: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of hepatitis C screening in general population in China, and find the age group in which hepatitis C screening can achieve the best cost-effectiveness. Methods: A decision-Markov model was constructed by using software TreeAge pro 2019 to simulate the outcomes of hepatitis C disease pregression of 100 000 persons aged 20-59 years. The cost-effectiveness of the strategies were evaluated from societal perspectives by using incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) and net monetary benefit (NMB). One-way sensitivity analysis and probability sensitivity analysis were used to evaluate the uncertainty of parameters and model. Results: Hepatitis C screening was cost-effective in people aged 20- 59 years and the cost effectiveness was best in age group 40-49 years. Compared with non-screening strategy of hepatitis C in people aged 20-59 years, the incremental cost was 161.24 yuan, the incremental utility was 0.003 6 quality adjusted life years (QALYs)/per person, ICER was 45 197.26 yuan/QALY, ICER was less than the willing payment threshold. The ICER and NMB in all age groups were 42 055.06-53 249.43 yuan/QALY and 96.52-169.86 yuan/per person. Hepatitis C screening in people aged 40-49 years had the best cost-effectiveness. The results of one-way sensitivity analysis showed that the discount rate, anti-HCV detection cost, anti-HCV infection rate and the cost of direct antiviral agents were the main factors influencing economic evaluation. The results of the probability sensitivity analysis indicated that the model analysis was stable. Conclusions: Implementing hepatitis C screening based on medical institutions is cost-effective in people aged 20- 59 years, especially in those aged 40-49 years. Implementing the HCV screening strategy of be willing to test as far as possible in general population can reduce hepatitis C disease burden in China.


Assuntos
Hepatite C Crônica , Hepatite C , Humanos , Análise Custo-Benefício , Análise de Custo-Efetividade , Hepatite C/diagnóstico , Hepatite C/epidemiologia , Hepatite C/prevenção & controle , Antivirais/uso terapêutico , Hepacivirus , Programas de Rastreamento , Anos de Vida Ajustados por Qualidade de Vida , China/epidemiologia
4.
Epidemiol Infect ; 139(9): 1401-9, 2011 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21073767

RESUMO

The study's objectives were to investigate the prevalence, incidence, persistence, and associated risk factors of syphilis in female sex workers (FSWs) in Kaiyuan City, Yunnan, China. Three serial cross-sectional surveys were conducted and biological specimens were collected and tested for HIV, sexually transmitted infections, and drug use. The logistic Generalized Estimating Equation regression model was used to identify risk factors for prevalent syphilis. The prevalence of syphilis was 7·5%, 8·4% and 8·8%, respectively, in the three survey periods. Estimated syphilis incidence was 1·07 cases/100 person-years, and the persistence of syphilis per person at 6 months was 90·4%. In multivariate analysis, the factors associated with syphilis were age, lower education level, number of clients in a week, inconsistent condom use with clients, herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), and Chlamydia trachomatis. Persistent syphilis in this population of FSWs is a serious public health concern.


Assuntos
Trabalho Sexual/estatística & dados numéricos , Sífilis/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , China/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Adesão à Medicação , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco
5.
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi ; 40(2): 155-159, 2019 Feb 10.
Artigo em Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30744264

RESUMO

Objective: To compare the time and spatial distribution of hepatitis C and HIV/AIDS cases and its correlation, in China from 2012 to 2017. Methods: Data on reported hepatitis C and HIV/AIDS cases was gathered from the Direct Reporting System of Infectious Diseases Information Network in China, 2012 to 2017 while annually collected provincial data was based on the date of review and current address. Correlation of the data was analyzed, using both simple correlation and linear regression methods. Results: The number of reported cases of hepatitis C remained stable in China, in 2012-2017, with the number of annual reported cases as 201 622, 203 155, 202 803, 207 897, 206 832 and 214 023, respectively. The number of reported cases on HIV/AIDS showed a steady growing trend, from 82 434, 90 119, 103 501, 115 465, 124 555 to 134 512. However, the numbers of hepatitis C and HIV/AIDS cases were in the same, top six provinces: Henan, Guangdong, Xinjiang, Guangxi, Hunan and Yunnan. Results from the simple correlation analysis indicated that there was a positive correlation (r>0.5, P<0.01) existed between the above-said two kinds of cases at the provincial level in China, in 2012-2017. Again, results from the linear regression analysis also showed that the correlation coefficient r(s) and year was strongly correlated (r=0.966) while r(s) had been linearly increasing with time. Conclusions: Our data showed that there were temporal and spatial correlations existed between the reported cases of hepatitis C and HIV/AIDS at the provincial level, suggesting that relevant prevention and control programs be carried out in areas with serious epidemics. Combination of the two strategies should be encouraged, especially on prevention and treatment measures related to blood transmission.


Assuntos
Epidemias , Infecções por HIV/diagnóstico , Hepatite C/diagnóstico , Análise Espaço-Temporal , Distribuição por Idade , China/epidemiologia , HIV , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Infecções por HIV/etnologia , Hepatite C/epidemiologia , Hepatite C/etnologia , Humanos , Modelos Lineares , Análise Espacial , Adulto Jovem
6.
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi ; 40(1): 41-45, 2019 Jan 10.
Artigo em Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30669729

RESUMO

Objective: To understand the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in 5 populations in China during 2016-2017 and provide evidence for the estimation of prevalence trend of hepatitis C and evaluation on the prevention and control effect. Methods: A total of 87 national sentinel surveillance sites for hepatitis C were set up in 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) of China to obtain the information about HCV infection prevalence in 5 populations, including volunteer blood donors, people receiving physical examination, patients receiving invasive diagnosis and treatment, patients receiving hemodialysis, and clients visiting family planning outpatient clinics. From April to June, 2016 and 2017, cross-sectional surveys were repeatedly conducted in the 5 populations and blood samples were collected from them for HCV antibody detection. Results: In 2016, 86 sentinel sites completed the surveillance (one sentinel site was not investigated), and 115 841 persons were surveyed. The overall HCV positive rate was 0.38% (442/115 841, 95%CI: 0.23%-0.53%). In 2017, all the 87 sentinel sites completed the surveillance, and 120 486 persons were surveyed. The overall HCV positive rate was 0.37% (449/120 486, 95%CI: 0.23%-0.52%). In 2016 and 2017, the anti-HCV positive rates were 4.46% (223/5 005, 95%CI: 2.18%-6.73%) and 4.39% (216/4 919, 95%CI: 2.29%-6.50%) respectively in hemodialysis patients, 0.85% (44/5 200, 95%CI: 0.27%-1.42%) and 0.70% (36/5 150, 95%CI: 0.15%-1.24%) respectively in patients receiving invasive diagnosis and treatment and remained to be ≤0.25% in volunteer blood donors, people receiving physical examination and clients visiting family planning outpatient clinics. Results for the comparison of the anti-HCV positive rates in the 5 populations indicated that the differences were significant (F=23.091, P<0.001 in 2016 and F=20.181, P<0.001 in 2017). Conclusions: Data from the sentinel surveillance of HCV infection on prevalence in China showed that the anti-HCV positive rates varied in the 5 populations during 2016-2017. The anti-HCV positive rate appeared the highest in the hemodialysis patients, followed by that in the patients receiving invasive diagnosis and treatment, and the prevalence of HCV infection in other 3 populations were at low levels.


Assuntos
Hepacivirus , Hepatite C/epidemiologia , Vigilância de Evento Sentinela , China/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite C , Humanos , Prevalência
7.
Int J STD AIDS ; 23(9): 670-5, 2012 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23033525

RESUMO

To examine the HIV/sexually transmitted infection (STI)-related risk behaviours among community-based female sex workers (FSWs) and their clients in Yunnan Province, China, we performed a cross-sectional study of 705 FSWs and 100 male clients. We found that HIV seroprevalence among FSWs was 13.0% and the most prevalent STI was herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) (71.1%), followed by Chlamydia trachomatis (18.1%) and syphilis (8.8%). The 20% of FSWs who reported injection drug use also reported needle-sharing behaviours in the last three months. Drug-using FSWs had substantially higher HIV and HSV-2 prevalence, serviced more clients and had a longer history of sex work than non-using FSWs. In total, 57.0% of male clients did not consistently use condoms with FSWs, 2.0% reported illicit drug use and 17.0% had STI symptoms in the last year. The dual risk behaviours of drug-using FSWs and clients place them at greater risk of HIV infection. Intervention programmes must adopt comprehensive methods.


Assuntos
Usuários de Drogas/estatística & dados numéricos , Epidemias , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Trabalho Sexual/estatística & dados numéricos , Comportamento Sexual/estatística & dados numéricos , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , China/epidemiologia , Preservativos , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Uso Comum de Agulhas e Seringas , Prevalência , Assunção de Riscos , Inquéritos e Questionários
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA