Impacto da introdução da angioembolização para o tratamento não operatório do trauma esplênico contuso grau III e IV no Hospital João XXIII, Belo Horizonte / Brasil / Impact of the introduction of angioembolization on nonoperative management of blunt splenic trauma grades III and IV at Hospital João XXIII - Belo Horizonte/Brazil

Objetivo: Comparar o sucesso do tratamento não operatório da lesão esplênica contusa graus III e IV, antes e após a introdução da angioembolização como método adjuvante. Métodos: Os dados foram coletados do prontuário eletrônico de pacientes com lesões esplênicas contusas graus III e IV (exceto hematoma subcapsular), segundo classificação da AAST (American Association for Surgery of Trauma), submetidos ao tratamento não operatório no Hospital João XXIII no período de janeiro/2014 a julho/2017. Os dados foram comparados a uma série de casos dessas mesmas lesões entre novembro/2004 e dezembro/2013 na mesma instituição, quando a angioembolização não era utilizada. O nível de significância do estudo foi 5% e seu desfecho foi a falha do tratamento não operatório. As análises foram feitas nos software R3.6.3 e MINITAB versão 14. Resultados: Entre novembro/2004 e dezembro/2013, foram estudados 389 pacientes em tratamento conservador, sendo 332 (82,8%) com lesão esplênica contusa grau III e 67 (17,2%) grau IV, havendo falha no tratamento (necessidade de esplenectomia) em 36 (11%) com lesão grau III e 22 (33%) com lesão grau IV. No período de janeiro/2014 a julho/2017, quando da disponibilidade da angioembolização, 195 pacientes foram submetidos a tratamento conservador, sendo 110 (56,4%) com lesão esplênica contusa grau III e 85 (43,6%) grau IV. Desses, houve falha no tratamento em 4 (3,6%) com lesão grau III e 6 (7%) com lesão grau IV. Conclusão: O tratamento não operatório do trauma esplênico contuso associado à angioembolização apresentou redução, com significância estatística, da necessidade de esplenectomia nas lesões esplênicas graus III e IV.

Objective: Compare the success of non-operative treatment of blunt splenic injury grades III and IV, before and after the introduction of angioembolization. Methods: Data collected from electronic medical reports of patients presenting blunt splenic injury (BSI) grades III and IV (subcapsular hematoma was not included), according to AAST (American Association for Surgery of Trauma) classification and undergoing nonoperative management at Hospital João XXII from January 2014 to July 2017. Data was compared to a case series of these nonoperative injuries from November 2004 to December 2013 at the same institution, when angioembolization was not used. The study level of significance was 5% and outcome was failure of non-operative treatment. Analyses were made using the software R3.6.3 and MINITAB version 14. Results: From November/2004 to December/2013, 389 patients undergoing conservative treatment were studied, 332 (82,8%) of which presented with blunt splenic injury grade III and 67 (17,2%) had lesions grade IV, treatment failure (need for splenectomy) occurred in 36 (11%) patients with injury grade III and 22 (33%) with grade IV. From January/2014 to July/2017, when angioembolization was available, 195 patients underwent conservative treatment, 110 (56,4%) with blunt splenic injury grade III and 85 (43,6%) with grade IV. In this group, treatment failed in 4 (3,6%) with injury grade III and 6 (7%) grade IV. Conclusion: Nonoperative management of blunt splenic trauma associated with angioembolization is associated with a reduction in splenectomy in splenic injuries grades III and IV.

Complementary exams in blunt torso trauma. Perform only radiographs and fast: is it safe?

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate effectiveness of using chest X-ray (CXR), pelvis X-ray (RXP) and FAST (Focused Abdominal Sonography on Trauma) to exclude significant lesions of the body in blunt trauma. METHODS: a prospective study involving 74 patients whom made the three tests (CXR, RXP and FAST) during the initial evaluation between October 2013 and February 2014. The results were compared to the tomography of the same patients or clinical outcome. If the patient did not have alterations on the CT scans or during the observation time, the initial workup was considered safe. All patients were evaluated at the Hospital João XXIII, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. RESULTS: of the 74 patients studied the average age was 33 years, RTS: 6.98, ECG: 12. From 44 (59.45%) patients with exams (radiographs and FAST) unchanged, three had significant injuries (two splenic injuries and one liver injury) diagnosed by clinical monitoring. The remaining patients - 30 (40.55%) - had at least one alteration in conventional tests. Of these group 27 (90%) had significant injuries and three (10%) minor injuries. The sensitivity of all three tests for screening considerable lesions was 90% and the specificity was 93%. The negative predictive value was 93% and the positive predictive value 89%. CONCLUSION: this research showed that all the three exams - chest X-ray, pelvis and FAST - are safe to lead with the blunt trauma if well used and associated with clinical examination.

Isolated liver gunshot injuries: nonoperative management is feasible?

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of non-operative management (NOM) of liver injury, being the only abdominal injury, from gunshot wounds to the abdomen. METHODS: patients who had liver damage diagnosed as single abdominal injury caused by PAF in the right thoracoabdominal region, hemodynamically stable were studied. All underwent examination with computed tomography. Were analyzed: age, gender, levels of trauma, hemodynamic condition and the abdominal examination on admission, the results of the CT scan, the extra-abdominal lesions found, the serum levels of hemoglobin, clinical course, complications, length of hospital stay, outpatient treatment and death. RESULTS: during the study period 169 patients, treated non-operatively, presented liver gunshot wounds. Of these, only 28 patients (16.6%) had liver injury as the only abdominal injury and consequently met the inclusion criteria for this study. The average age was 27.7 years and 25 patients (89.2%) were male. The overall average of verified trauma scores were: RTS 7.45, ISS 10.9, and TRISS 98.7%. The most frequent injuries were grade II and grade III (85.7%). Complications occurred in only one patient who presented a progressive decline in hemoglobin. He underwent a CT scan which showed blush in the liver parenchyma. An arteriography was performed, which showed a successfully embolized arteriovenous fistula. There were no deaths in the patient sample. The average hospital stay was 5.3 days. CONCLUSION: isolated hepatic injury in gunshot abdominal trauma is uncommon. However, the NOM protocol for this type of injury is safe and has low morbidity. This approach should only be followed in institutions with adequate infrastructure, where an experienced and cohesive team is able to follow a specific protocol, with rigorous periodic evaluation of its results.

Implementation of a trauma registry in a Brazilian public hospital: the first 1,000 patients.

OBJECTIVE: Show the steps of a Trauma Registry (TR) implementation in a Brazilian public hospital and evaluate the initial data from the database. METHODS: Descriptive study of the a TR implementation in João XXIII Hospital (Hospital Foundation of the state of Minas Gerais) and analysis of the initial results of the first 1,000 patients. RESULTS: The project was initiated in 2011 and from January 2013 we began collecting data for the TR. In January 2014 the registration of the first 1000 patients was completed. The greatest difficulties in the TR implementation were obtaining funds to finance the project and the lack of information within the medical records. The variables with the lowest completion percentage on the physiological conditions were: pulse, blood pressure, respiratory rate and Glasgow coma scale. Consequently, the Revised Trauma Score (RTS) could be calculated in only 31% of cases and the TRISS methodology applied to 30.3% of patients. The main epidemiological characteristics showed a predominance of young male victims (84.7%) and the importance of aggression as a cause of injuries in our environment (47.5%), surpassing traffic accidents. The average length of stay was 6 days, and mortality 13.7%. CONCLUSION: Trauma registries are invaluable tools in improving the care of trauma victims. It is necessary to improve the quality of data recorded in medical records. The involvement of public authorities is critical for the successful implementation and maintenance of trauma registries in Brazilian hospitals.

Non operative management of renal gunshot wounds.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the experience of nonoperative management (NOM) of renal injuries caused by a firearm projectiles (FAP) in the right thoraco-abdominal region in patients with hemodynamic stability and no signs of peritoneal irritation, highlighting the assessment of the safety of this approach. METHODS: This was a prospective study with patients sustaining injuries by FAP in the right thoraco-abdominal region and kidney lesions, treated at the João XXIII Hospital (FHEMIG) in Belo Horizonte, from January 2005 to December 2012. Inclusion criteria were: hemodynamic stability, renal morphofunctional study by CT and no signs of peritoneal irritation. RESULTS: A total of 128 patients met the inclusion criteria of the protocol and underwent NOM for right thoraco-abdominal injury by FAP. Of these, 37 (28.9%) had renal injuries. Trauma indexes: RTS 7.8, ISS16, and TRISS 99%. Lesions grade II and grade III were the most frequent. The most commonly associated intra-abdominal injury was of the liver, present in 81.1% of cases. Two patients (5.4%) had failed nonoperative treatment. CONCLUSION: The nonoperative treatment of such renal lesions, when properly indicated, has a high success rate, low complication rate and increases the chance of renal preservation. It is safe for well-selected patients in trauma centers with adequate infrastructure, experienced professionals and use of a specific protocol.

Non operative management of gunshot wounds on the right thoracoabdomen.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the results after the implementation of the non-operative management (NOM) of the right upper thoracoabdominal gunshot injuries protocol. METHODS: Prospective study. From January 2005 to December 2011, 115 patients were included into this study. Criteria for inclusion were gunshot wound to the right thoracoabdominal region, haemodynamic stability, no signs of peritonitis, and realized CT scan. The data collected were analysed by the software EXCEL. RESULTS: Among the 115 patients included in our study, the mean age was 25.8 years old (range, 14-78 years old), of whom 95.6% were male, 62.6% had thoracoabdominal injuries and 37.4% had exclusively abdominal injuries. The averages of trauma scores were RTS 7.7, ISS 14.8 and TRISS 97%. One hundred and nine patients (94.8%) had liver injury, 72 (62.6%) had diaphragm and lung injury, 28 (24.4%) had renal injury. Complications were present in 12 (10.5%) patients, 7 of these related to the thorax. The NOM failure happened in 4 (3.5%) patients, 2 of them due to bile peritonitis, 1 related to bleeding and 1 the laparotomy was unnecessary. The mean hospital stay was 9.4 days. There were 2 deaths due to associated gunshot brain injury. Sixty seven patients (58.3%) were presented in the follow-up after 2 months of trauma. The CT scan showed injury scar in 58 patients (86.5%). CONCLUSION: NOM of the penetrating right thoracoabdominal injuries must be seen with caution. The NOM of right thoracoabdominal gunshot injuries is safe only in selected cases, followed by well-defined protocols and when performed in places that have adequate infrastructure.

[Skin-adipose tissue detachment for laparotomy closure: a simple and effective technique for a complex problem]. / Fechamento de laparostomia com descolamento cutâneo-adiposo: uma técnica simples e eficaz para um problema complexo.

OBJECTIVE: To describe a technique of laparotomy closure through cutaneous-adipose tissues detachment and its results. METHODS: From January 2003 to october 2008 forty patients in laparotomy (Bogota bag) were engaged in surgical procedures for closing their open abdomens according to the technique described here. Data were collected from patient records and during active search. RESULTS: The majority of patients was men (95%) with gunshot wounds (70%). The average ISS and APACHE II scores were 28.78 and 20, respectively. Ventral hernias were found in 81.5% of patients with a mean follow-up time of 9.2 months. Approximately 1/3 of patients had small hernias and didn't want to have their hernias closed because they didn't feel any functional or anatomic impediment to support the closure at that time. Only two patients were dissatisfied in relation to daily activities and to the surgical procedure itself. There were neither deaths nor intestinal fistula with this type of closure. CONCLUSION: Although it doesn't represent a technique for fascial closure, it is simple to perform, safe, and with low cost. It is a therapeutic option for patients with open abdomen, especially if closure of the aponeurosis was not possible in the first 7 to 10 days.

Complementary exams in blunt torso trauma. Perform only radiographs and fast: is it safe? / Exames complementares na condução do trauma contuso do tronco. É seguro realizar apenas radiografias e fast?

ABSTRACTObjective:to evaluate effectiveness of using chest X-ray (CXR), pelvis X-ray (RXP) and FAST (Focused Abdominal Sonography on Trauma) to exclude significant lesions of the body in blunt trauma.Methods:a prospective study involving 74 patients whom made the three tests (CXR, RXP and FAST) during the initial evaluation between October 2013 and February 2014. The results were compared to the tomography of the same patients or clinical outcome. If the patient did not have alterations on the CT scans or during the observation time, the initial workup was considered safe. All patients were evaluated at the Hospital João XXIII, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.Results:of the 74 patients studied the average age was 33 years, RTS: 6.98, ECG: 12. From 44 (59.45%) patients with exams (radiographs and FAST) unchanged, three had significant injuries (two splenic injuries and one liver injury) diagnosed by clinical monitoring. The remaining patients - 30 (40.55%) - had at least one alteration in conventional tests. Of these group 27 (90%) had significant injuries and three (10%) minor injuries. The sensitivity of all three tests for screening considerable lesions was 90% and the specificity was 93%. The negative predictive value was 93% and the positive predictive value 89%.Conclusion:this research showed that all the three exams - chest X-ray, pelvis and FAST - are safe to lead with the blunt trauma if well used and associated with clinical examination.

RESUMOObjetivo:avaliar a efetividade do uso da radiografia de tórax (RxT), pelve (RxP) e FAST (Focused Abdominal Sonography on Trauma) em excluir lesões significativas do tronco no trauma contuso.Métodos:estudo prospectivo envolvendo 74 pacientes no período de outubro de 2013 a fevereiro de 2014 que fizeram, durante a avaliação inicial, os três exames (RxT, RxP e FAST). Os resultados destes exames foram comparados à tomografia de tronco do mesmo paciente ou com a sua evolução clínica com base no tempo de observação protocolado pelo hospital. Todos os pacientes foram atendidos no Hospital João XXIII, Belo Horizonte/MG, Brasil.Resultados:Dos 74 pacientes estudados, a média de idade foi 33 anos, RTS: 6,98, Escala de Coma de Glasgow (ECG): 12. Desses, 44 (59,45%) possuíram os exames (radiografias e FAST) sem alterações, porém três pacientes desse grupo apresentaram lesões importantes (duas lesões esplênicas e uma hepática) suspeitadas através do acompanhamento clínico e definidas pela tomografia posterior. O restante dos pacientes, 30 (40,55%), tiveram pelo menos uma alteração nos exames convencionais, sendo que, dentro desse grupo, 27 (90%) apresentaram lesões significativas e três (10%) lesões leves. A sensibilidade do conjunto dos três exames para triagem de lesões significativas foi 90% e sua especificidade, 93%. O valor preditivo negativo encontrado foi 93% e o valor preditivo positivo, de 89%.Conclusão:O estudo demonstrou que o conjunto dos três exames (radiografia de tórax, pelve e FAST) é seguro para conduzir o trauma contuso do tronco, se for bem utilizado, associado ao exame clínico.

Isolated liver gunshot injuries: nonoperative management is feasible? / Lesão hepática isolada por arma de fogo: é possível realizar tratamento não operatório?

ABSTRACTObjective:to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of non-operative management (NOM) of liver injury, being the only abdominal injury, from gunshot wounds to the abdomen.Methods:patients who had liver damage diagnosed as single abdominal injury caused by PAF in the right thoracoabdominal region, hemodynamically stable were studied. All underwent examination with computed tomography. Were analyzed: age, gender, levels of trauma, hemodynamic condition and the abdominal examination on admission, the results of the CT scan, the extra-abdominal lesions found, the serum levels of hemoglobin, clinical course, complications, length of hospital stay, outpatient treatment and death.Results:during the study period 169 patients, treated non-operatively, presented liver gunshot wounds. Of these, only 28 patients (16.6%) had liver injury as the only abdominal injury and consequently met the inclusion criteria for this study. The average age was 27.7 years and 25 patients (89.2%) were male. The overall average of verified trauma scores were: RTS 7.45, ISS 10.9, and TRISS 98.7%. The most frequent injuries were grade II and grade III (85.7%). Complications occurred in only one patient who presented a progressive decline in hemoglobin. He underwent a CT scan which showed blush in the liver parenchyma. An arteriography was performed, which showed a successfully embolized arteriovenous fistula. There were no deaths in the patient sample. The average hospital stay was 5.3 days.Conclusion:isolated hepatic injury in gunshot abdominal trauma is uncommon. However, the NOM protocol for this type of injury is safe and has low morbidity. This approach should only be followed in institutions with adequate infrastructure, where an experienced and cohesive team is able to follow a specific protocol, with rigorous periodic evaluation of its results.

RESUMOObjetivo:analisar a segurança e efetividade do tratamento não operatório (TNO) da lesão hepática, como única lesão abdominal, em vítima de perfuração por projétil de arma de fogo (PAF) no abdome.Métodos:Foram estudados os pacientes com lesão hepática diagnosticada como única lesão abdominal provocada por PAF na região toracoabdominal direita, hemodinamicamente estáveis. Todos foram submetidos ao exame com tomografia computadorizada. Foram analisados: idade, sexo, índices de trauma, condição hemodinâmica e exame do abdome à admissão, resultados da tomografia computadorizada, lesões extra-abdominais existentes, níveis séricos de hemoglobina, evolução clínica, presença de complicações, tempo de permanência hospitalar, acompanhamento ambulatorial e óbito.Resultados:no período do estudo, 169 pacientes do protocolo de TNO apresentaram lesão hepática por projétil de arma de fogo. Destes, apenas 28 pacientes (16,6%) possuíam lesão hepática como única lesão abdominal e preencheram os critérios de inclusão no estudo. A média de idade foi 27,7 anos e 25 pacientes (89,2%) eram do sexo masculino. A média global dos índices de trauma verificada foi: RTS 7,45; ISS 10,9; e TRISS 98,7%. As lesões mais frequentes foram a grau II e grau III (85,7%). Um paciente apresentou complicação. Não houve óbito na série. A média de permanência hospitalar foi 5,3 dias.Conclusão:A lesão hepática isolada no trauma penetrante por PAF é pouco frequente e o tratamento não operatório desse tipo de lesão é seguro e apresenta baixa morbidade.

Tumor desmoplásico de pequenas células redondas: relato de caso / Desmoplastic small round cell tumor: a case report

O tumor desmoplásico de pequenas células redondas (TDCPR) é uma neoplasia de ocorrência rara, descrita em 1987 por Sesterhenn et al. Atualmente existem cerca de 101 casos na literatura consultada. Os autores relatam um caso de TDCPR intra-abdominal em paciente de 53 anos de idade, portador de massa palpável em epigástrio, assintomático.A propedêutica evidenciou múltiplas lesões expansivas de dimensões variadas comprometendo a cavidade peritoneal. Foi submetido à laparotomia exploradora, sendo possível apenas a cirurgia citorredutora. São descritos os achados intraoperatórios, tomográficos, bem como os aspectos macroscópicos e imuno-histoquímicos. O paciente manteve acompanhamento no Serviço de Oncologia. Faleceu meses após a cirurgia.

The desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is a neoplasm of rare occurrence, described in 1987 by Sesterhennet al. Currently, there are about 101 cases described in the consulted literature. The authors report a case of intra-abdominal DSRCT in a 53-year-old patient, carrier of a palpable mass in epigastrium, asymptomatic. The propaedeutics showed multiple expansive lesions of varying dimensions compromising the peritoneal cavity. The patient was referred to exploratory laparotomy; only cytoreductive surgery was possible. The intraoperative findings are described, tomographic, and macroscopic and immunohistochemical aspects. The patient was followed up at the Oncology Service. He died months after surgery.

Considerações sobre êmbolo balístico: experiência do Hospital João XXIII / Considerations about ballistic embolism: experience at the João XXIII Hospital

A embolia balística é apresentação incomum do trauma vascular penetrante. Seu diagnostico é desafiador e o tratamento controverso. As complicações são, potencialmente, letais. O desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias permitiu mais precisão diagnóstica e terapêutica minimamente invasiva. Esta revisão apresenta experiência do Hospital João XXIII (Centro de Referência em Trauma) na condução de quatro casos envolvendoesse tipo de trauma. Observa-se grande diversidade clínica e apresenta se abordagem considerada atualmente a mais adequada.

Ballistic embolism is an unusual presentation of penetrating vascular trauma. Its diagnosis is challenging, and its treatment is controversial. The complications are potentially lethal. The development of new technologies allowed increased diagnostic accuracy and minimally invasive therapy. This review presents the experience at the João XXIII Hospital (Trauma Reference Center) in the assistance to four cases involving this type oftrauma. A great clinical diversity is observed;the currently considered the most appropriate approach is presented.

Abordagem das lesões de vias biliares no trauma no Hospital João XXIII / Approach to trauma biliary lesions at the João XXIII Hospital

A lesão da via biliar no trauma não é comum. É observada, independente do seu mecanismo, em 0,1% das admissões nos serviços de trauma. A vesícula é o segmento da via biliar extra-hepática mais frequentemente acometida. As lesões dos canais biliares constituem desafio à perícia médica, com morbidade significativa; e tratamento dependente de vários fatores, como grau da lesão, momento do diagnóstico e experiência da equipe médica em sua abordagem. Devido à raridade dessas lesões, a correção cirúrgica, além de controversa, é difícil. Esta revisão apresenta a ótica do Serviço de Cirurgia Geral e do Trauma do Hospital João XXIII e da Fundação Hospitalar do Estado de Minas Gerais sobre esse tema, ressaltando sua incidência, o mecanismo de lesão e seu tratamento.

Trauma biliary lesion is not common. It is observed, regardless of its mechanism, in 0.1% of admissions to trauma services. The gallbladder is the segment of the biliary extra-hepatic pathway most often affected. Lesions of bile ducts constitute a challenge to medical expertise, with significant morbidity; treatment is dependent on several factors such as degree of lesion, time of diagnosis, and medical staff experience in their approach. Due to the rarity of these lesions, surgical correction is difficult and controversial. This review presents the perspective on this topic fromthe Service of General Surgery and Trauma at the João XXIII Hospital and the Hospital Foundation of the State of Minas Gerais highlighting its incidence, mechanism of lesion, and treatment.

Implementation of a trauma registry in a brazilian public hospital: the first 1,000 patients / Implantação de um registro de trauma em um hospital público brasileiro: os primeiros 1000 pacientes

OBJECTIVE: Show the steps of a Trauma Registry (TR) implementation in a Brazilian public hospital and evaluate the initial data from the database. METHODS: Descriptive study of the a TR implementation in João XXIII Hospital (Hospital Foundation of the state of Minas Gerais) and analysis of the initial results of the first 1,000 patients. RESULTS: The project was initiated in 2011 and from January 2013 we began collecting data for the TR. In January 2014 the registration of the first 1000 patients was completed. The greatest difficulties in the TR implementation were obtaining funds to finance the project and the lack of information within the medical records. The variables with the lowest completion percentage on the physiological conditions were: pulse, blood pressure, respiratory rate and Glasgow coma scale. Consequently, the Revised Trauma Score (RTS) could be calculated in only 31% of cases and the TRISS methodology applied to 30.3% of patients. The main epidemiological characteristics showed a predominance of young male victims (84.7%) and the importance of aggression as a cause of injuries in our environment (47.5%), surpassing traffic accidents. The average length of stay was 6 days, and mortality 13.7%. CONCLUSION: Trauma registries are invaluable tools in improving the care of trauma victims. It is necessary to improve the quality of data recorded in medical records. The involvement of public authorities is critical for the successful implementation and maintenance of trauma registries in Brazilian hospitals. .

OBJETIVO: apresentar as etapas da implantação de um Registro de Trauma (RT) em hospital público brasileiro e avaliar os dados iniciais deste banco de dados. MÉTODOS: estudo descritivo da implantação de um RT no Hospital João XXIII - FHEMIG (Fundação Hospitalar do Estado de Minas Gerais) e análise dos resultados iniciais dos primeiros 1000 pacientes. RESULTADOS: o projeto foi iniciado em 2011 e, a partir de janeiro de 2013, iniciamos a coleta de dados para o RT e em janeiro de 2014 completamos o registro dos primeiros 1000 pacientes. As maiores dificuldades na implantação do RT foram obter recursos para o financiamento do projeto e a falta de informações nos prontuários médicos. As variáveis com os menores percentuais de preenchimento foram sobre as condições fisiológicas: pulso, pressão arterial, frequência respiratória e escala de coma de Glasgow. O Revised Trauma Score (RTS) foi calculado em 31% dos casos e a metodologia TRISS aplicada em 30,3% dos pacientes. As principais características epidemiológicas mostraram um predomínio de vítimas jovens do sexo masculino (84,7%) e a importância das agressões como causa de lesões (47,5%), superando os acidentes de trânsito. O tempo médio de permanência foi seis dias e a mortalidade, 13,7%. CONCLUSÃO: os registros de trauma são ferramentas de grande valor para melhorar a assistência às vítimas de trauma. É necessário melhorar a qualidade do registro de dados no prontuário médico. O envolvimento do poder público é fundamental para a implantação e manutenção dos RT nos hospitais brasileiros. .

Abscesso de iliopsoas em puérpera - relato de caso / Iliopsoas abscess in puerpera - case report

O abscesso de iliopsoas (AIP) é entidade rara, podendo acometer mulheres em sua fase puerperal. Devido à anatomia peculiar do músculo iliopsoas, suas manifestações podem ser de forma insidiosa e inespecífica. Seu tratamento precoce pode diminuir significativamente a mortalidade, com base na antibioticoterapia de largo espectro e sua drenagem

Iliopsoas abscess (IPA) is a rare entity that may affect women in the puerperal stage. Due to the peculiar anatomy of the iliopsoas muscle, its manifestations can be insidious and nonspecific. Its early treatment based on broad-spectrum antibiotics and drainage can significantly decrease mortality.

Fístula biliobrônquica como complicação do tratamento não operatório do trauma hepático / Bile bronchial fistula as a complication of the non-operative treatment of hepatic trauma

A fístula biliobrônquica (FBB) é complicação rara da doença hepática, inclusive da evolução do trauma hepático. Seu diagnóstico, na maioria dos casos, é clínico, tendo como sinal patognomônico a bilioptise. Sua abordagem surpreende e desafia o cirurgião, especialmente em relação ao seu tratamento; e, no trauma, é essencial o controle da lesão hepática, o que torna a laparotomia medida que se impõe em detrimento da toracotomia. Este relato descreve a abordagem da FBB após o trauma, com lesão hepática associada, bem como a estratégia para o seu tratamento.

Bile bronchial fistula (BBF) is a rare complication of liver disease including the evolution of liver trauma. In most cases, its diagnosis is clinical and takes bilioptisis as the pathognomonic sign. Its approach surprises and challenges the surgeon, especially in relation to its treatment; and, in trauma, it is essential to control the hepatic lesion, which makes laparotomythe measure that arises in detriment of thoracotomy. This report describes the BBF's approach after trauma, with associated hepatic lesion as well as the strategy for its treatment.

Non-operative management of right side thoracoabdominal penetrating injuries--the value of testing chest tube effluent for bile.

INTRODUCTION: While mandatory surgery for all thoracoabdominal penetrating injuries is advocated by some, the high rate of unnecessary operations challenges this approach. However, the consequences of intrathoracic bile remains poorly investigated. We sought to evaluate the outcome of patients who underwent non-operative management of right side thoracoabdominal (RST) penetrating trauma, and the levels of bilirubin obtained from those patients' chest tube effluent. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We managed non-operatively all stable patients with a single RST penetrating injury. Chest tube effluent samples were obtained six times within (4-8 h; 12-16 h; 20-24 h; 28-32 h; 36-40 h; 48 h and 72 h) of admission for bilirubin measurement and blood for complete blood count, bilirubin, alanine (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferases (AST) assays. For comparison we studied patients with single left thoracic penetrating injury. RESULTS: Forty-two patients with RST injuries were included. All had liver and lung injuries confirmed by CT scans. Only one patient failed non-operative management. Chest tube bilirubin peaked at 48 h post-trauma (mean 3.3+/-4.1 mg/dL) and was always higher than both serum bilirubin (p<0.05) and chest tube effluent from control group (27 patients with left side thoracic trauma). Serum ALT and AST were higher in RST injury patients (p<0.05). One RST injury patient died of line sepsis. CONCLUSION: Non-operative management of RST penetrating trauma appears to be safe. Bile originating from the liver injury reaches the right thoracic cavity but does not reflect the severity of that injury. The highest concentration was found in the patient failing non-operative management. The presence of intrathoracic bile in selected patients who sustain RST penetrating trauma, with liver injury, does not preclude non-operative management. Our study suggests that monitoring chest tube effluent bilirubin may provide helpful information when managing a patient non-operatively.

Tratamento não operatório das lesões renais por arma de fogo / Non operative management of renal gunshot wounds

OBJETIVO: analisar a experiência do tratamento não operatório (TNO) das lesões renais ocasionadas por projétil de arma de fogo (PAF), na região tóraco-abdominal direita, em pacientes com estabilidade hemodinâmica e sem sinais de irritação peritoneal), com destaque para a avaliação da segurança desse tipo de abordagem. MÉTODOS: estudo prospectivo, em pacientes vítimas de agressão por PAF na região tóraco-abdominal direita, com lesão renal, atendidos no Hospital João XXIII (FHEMIG), em Belo Horizonte, no período de janeiro de 2005 a dezembro 2012. Os critérios de inclusão neste estudo foram: estabilidade hemodinâmica, estudo morfofuncional renal pela tomografia e ausência de sinais de irritação peritoneal. RESULTADOS: No período, 128 pacientes preencheram os critérios de inclusão do protocolo e foram submetidos à TNO de ferimento tóraco-abdominal direito por PAF. Destes, 37 (28,9%) apresentavam lesão renal. Índices de trauma: RTS 7,8; ISS 16; e TRISS 99%. As lesões grau II e grau III foram as mais frequentes. A lesão intra-abdominal associada mais comum foi a lesão hepática, presente em 81,1% dos casos. Dois pacientes (5,4%) apresentaram falha no tratamento não operatório. CONCLUSÃO: o tratamento não operatório dessas lesões renais, quando bem indicado, tem alto índice de sucesso, baixa taxa de complicações e aumenta a chance de preservação renal. Ele é seguro para pacientes bem selecionados, em centros de trauma com infraestrutura adequada, profissionais experientes e protocolo específico para realizá-lo.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the experience of nonoperative management (NOM) of renal injuries caused by a firearm projectiles (FAP) in the right thoraco-abdominal region in patients with hemodynamic stability and no signs of peritoneal irritation, highlighting the assessment of the safety of this approach. METHODS: This was a prospective study with patients sustaining injuries by FAP in the right thoraco-abdominal region and kidney lesions, treated at the João XXIII Hospital (FHEMIG) in Belo Horizonte, from January 2005 to December 2012. Inclusion criteria were: hemodynamic stability, renal morphofunctional study by CT and no signs of peritoneal irritation. RESULTS: A total of 128 patients met the inclusion criteria of the protocol and underwent NOM for right thoraco-abdominal injury by FAP. Of these, 37 (28.9%) had renal injuries. Trauma indexes: RTS 7.8, ISS16, and TRISS 99%. Lesions grade II and grade III were the most frequent. The most commonly associated intra-abdominal injury was of the liver, present in 81.1% of cases. Two patients (5.4%) had failed nonoperative treatment. CONCLUSION: The nonoperative treatment of such renal lesions, when properly indicated, has a high success rate, low complication rate and increases the chance of renal preservation. It is safe for well-selected patients in trauma centers with adequate infrastructure, experienced professionals and use of a specific protocol.

Incidência de sangramento renal nos pacientes em tratamento não operatório no Hospital João XXIII no período de 2004 a 2008 - Relato de caso / Incidence of renal bleeding in patients under non-operative treatment in Hospital João XXIII between 2004 and 2008 - A case report

Cada vez mais se tem utilizado o tratamento não operatório em vísceras maciças. Em decorrência desse fato, os pacientes apresentam melhores condições de morbidade e mortalidade, entretanto, novos desafios surgem, especialmente quanto às complicações associadas. Este relato mostra a abordagem de tratamento não operatório de trauma renal com embolização, além de comunicar a experiência do Serviço de Cirurgia Geral e do Trauma do Hospital João XXIII de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, em relação ao tratamento da complicação sangramento associado ao trauma após tratamento não operatório do rim.

Non-operative treatment has been increasingly used for solid organs, improving patients' morbidity and mortality. However, it also raises new challenges, especially with regards to associated complications. This report shows the non-operative treatment approach to renal trauma using embolization, sharing the experiences of the Department of General Surgery and Trauma at the Hospital João XXIII in the city of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, in treating complications associated with bleeding after trauma in non-operative kidney treatment.

Lesão grave de partes moles decorrente de acidente motociclístico / Severe soft tissue injury resulting from motorcycle accidents

Lesão grave em trauma tem aumentado, em parte relacionada à elevação do número de acidentes motociclísticos, o que tem sido associado ao aumento da frota desses veículos, observado nos últimos anos. O trauma de parede abdominal causa, por vezes, alta morbimortalidade, seja por comprometimento das vísceras intra-abdominais, seja pela lesão da parede abdominal. Este caso descreve a gravidade das lesões em trauma decorrente de acidente motociclístico, além de conduta cirúrgica adotada...

Severe trauma injuries increased in numbers, partly as a result to the escalation of motorcycle accidents related to increase in the fleet of this kind of vehicle. Abdominal wall trauma can sometimes cause high mortality, either by damage to intra-abdominal viscera or by injury to the abdominal wall itself. This report describes the severity of injuries in trauma from motorcycleaccidents, as well as the surgical procedures adopted...