RESUMO
BACKGROUND: For reconstructive surgeons, massive midface defects, including large, full-thickness wounds on the upper lip, can be very challenging. Although there are many methods for reconstruction of upper lip defects, it is difficult to obtain satisfactory restoration of oral functions and good cosmetic results. CASE PRESENTATION: This case report presents a man with massive midface defects, including upper lip, left nose, and cheek defects. Over the previous 2 years, the patient had three reconstructions with sequential free flaps for the resection of recurrent tumors, the first of which was in March of 2016; this resulted in the patient having massive midface defects, including an upper lip defect, a defect on the left side of the nose, and one on the left cheek. The defects were reconstructed using a radial forearm free flap (RFFF), a facial artery musculomucosal (FAMM) flap, and a kite flap. In June 2016, he underwent a second reconstruction, this time of the left nose defect, using a left anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap. In March of 2017, the patient underwent a third reconstruction with the use of a free ALT on the left intraoral cheek and the defects on the neck. All flaps survived. No complications were encountered postoperatively. The patient regained good oral sphincter function with no reports of drooling. Although the patient underwent three surgeries, the reconstruction results were acceptable. CONCLUSIONS: For massive midface defects, including large, full-thickness wounds on the upper lip, the combination of a FAMM flap, kite flap, and RFFF promotes the reconstruction of the complex midface structure and improves the resulting functionality.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/cirurgia , Face/cirurgia , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/cirurgia , Neoplasias Nasais/cirurgia , Retalhos Cirúrgicos , Ferimentos e Lesões/cirurgia , Antebraço/cirurgia , Humanos , Lábio/cirurgia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prognóstico , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica/métodos , Reoperação , Retalhos Cirúrgicos/irrigação sanguínea , Ferimentos e Lesões/etiologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The repair and reconstruction of maxillary and mandibular extensive defects have put huge challenges to surgeons. The fibular free flap (FFF) is one of the standard treatment choices for reconstruction. The conventional FFF has deficiencies, such as forming poor oral mucosa, limited flap tissue, and perforator vessel variation. To improve the use of FFF, we add the flexor hallucis longus (FHL) in the flap (FHL-FFF). In this paper, we described the advantage and indication of FHL-FFF and conducted a retrospective study to compare FHL-FFF and FFF without FHL. METHODS: Fifty-four patients who underwent FFF were enrolled and divided into two groups: nFHL group (using FFF without FHL, 38 patients) and FHL group (using FHL-FFF, 16 patients). The perioperative clinical data of patients was collected and analyzed. RESULTS: The flaps all survived in two groups. We mainly used FHL to fill dead space, and the donor-site morbidity was slight. In FHL group, flap harvesting time was shorter (118.63 ± 11.76 vs 125.74 ± 11.33 min, P = 0.042), the size of flap's skin paddle was smaller (16.5 (0-96) vs 21.0(10-104) cm2, P = 0.027) than nFHL group. There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) in hospital days, hospitalization expense, rate of perioperative complications, etc. between the two groups. Compared with FFF without FHL, FHL-FFF will neither affect the use of flap nor bring more problems. CONCLUSION: The FHL-FFF simplifies the flap harvesting operation. The FHL can form good mucosa and make FFF rely less on skin paddle. It can be used for adding flap tissue and dealing with perforator vessel variation in reconstruction of maxillary and mandibular extensive defects.
Assuntos
Fíbula/transplante , Retalhos de Tecido Biológico , Neoplasias Mandibulares/cirurgia , Reconstrução Mandibular/métodos , Neoplasias Maxilares/cirurgia , Ferimentos e Lesões/cirurgia , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Retalhos de Tecido Biológico/irrigação sanguínea , Humanos , Masculino , Mandíbula/cirurgia , Maxila/cirurgia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Ferimentos e Lesões/etiologiaRESUMO
Reconstruction of complex total parotidectomy defects after ablation is always a challenge for surgeons. The surgical technique in reconstructing total parotidectomy defects using an anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap has not been described in detail. This report describes the treatment of a difficult case with a complex total parotidectomy defect. An ALT flap composed of a vascularized motor branch of the femoral nerve and a narrow portion of the vastus lateralis muscle was harvested. An 8-cm-long vascularized nerve was transplanted into the gap, which can be considered a cable transplant graft, and a myocutaneous paddle was used to cover and fill in the soft tissue defect. There were no complications after surgery, and the patient was satisfied with the reconstructed facial contours. This case shows that using a chimeric ALT flap for reconstruction is possible in a complex total parotidectomy defect.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Acinares/cirurgia , Nervo Femoral/transplante , Glândula Parótida/cirurgia , Neoplasias Parotídeas/cirurgia , Retalho Perfurante/cirurgia , Coxa da Perna/cirurgia , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica/métodosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to investigate the reliability and outcome of using the transverse cervical vessel (TCV) as a recipient vessel for microvascular reconstruction in patients whose vessels in the neck region are unavailable because of previous surgery or radiotherapy. METHODS: Between January 2012 and August 2014, secondary head and neck reconstruction was performed using the TCV as a recipient vessel in eight patients who had undergone previous neck dissection and radiation therapy (n = 5). Five patients had a recurrent carcinoma, one had undergone an operation for scar release and two had been treated surgically for a second primary cancer. The anterolateral thigh flap (ALT), anteromedial thigh flap (AMT), and fibular flap were used for the reconstruction. Clinical data were recorded for each patient. RESULTS: All of the ipsilateral transverse cervical arteries were found to be free of disease. The second free flap was revascularized using the TCVs (n = 6) or the external (n = 1) or internal (n = 1) jugular vein. The free flaps used for the reconstruction included the ALT flap (n = 6), AMT flap (n = 2), and fibular flap (n = 1). All of the flaps survived without vascular events, and the patients healed without major complications. The mean follow-up time was 11 months. One patient died of distant metastases during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: In patients who have previously undergone neck surgery with or without radiotherapy, the TCVs are reliable and easily accessible recipient vessels for microsurgical reconstruction in the oral and maxillofacial region. If the transverse cervical vein is unavailable, the internal or external jugular vein should be dissected carefully to serve as an alternative for microvascular anastomoses.
Assuntos
Cervicoplastia/métodos , Retalhos de Tecido Biológico/transplante , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/reabilitação , Maxila/cirurgia , Microcirurgia/métodos , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica/métodos , Cirurgia Bucal , Adulto , Idoso , Anastomose Cirúrgica , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/reabilitação , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/terapia , Terapia Combinada , Feminino , Seguimentos , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/terapia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pescoço/irrigação sanguínea , Esvaziamento Cervical , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Bucais , Prognóstico , Dosagem RadioterapêuticaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Cleft lip and palate (CL/P) is one of the most common malformations in humans. Transforming growth factor alpha (TGFA) is a well characterized mammalian growth factor which might contribute to the development of CL/P. This meta-analysis aimed to summarize the association between the TGFA Taq I polymorphisms and CL/P. METHODS: We retrieved the relevant articles from PubMed, EMBASE, ISI Web of Science and SCOPUS databases. Studies were selected using specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. The odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated to assess the association between TGFA Taq I polymorphism and CL/P risk. Meta-analyses were performed on the total data set and separately for the major ethnic groups, disease type and source of control. All analyses were performed using the Stata software. RESULTS: Twenty articles were included in the present analysis. There is a significant association between the TGFA Taq I polymorphism and CL/P (C1C2 vs C1C1: OR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.23-2.25, C2C2 + C1C2 vs C1C1C1: OR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.15-2.01; C2 vs C1:OR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.12-1.78). Stratified analyses suggested that the TGFA Taq I polymorphism was significantly associated with CL/P in Caucasians (C1C2 vs C1C1: OR = 1.95, 95% CI = 1.34-2.86; C2C2 + C1C2 vs C1C1: OR = 1.68, 95% CI = 1.18-2.38; C2 vs V1: OR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.14 -2.02). CONCLUSION: TGFA Taq I polymorphism may be associated with the risk of CL/P.
Assuntos
Fenda Labial/genética , Fissura Palatina/genética , Polimorfismo Genético/genética , Fator de Crescimento Transformador alfa/genética , Alelos , Mapeamento Cromossômico , Deleção de Genes , Genes Dominantes/genética , Genes Recessivos/genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença/genética , Genótipo , Heterozigoto , Homozigoto , Humanos , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único/genética , População Branca/genéticaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Excision repair cross-complementing group 2 (ERCC2) plays important roles in the repair of DNA damage and adducts. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of ERCC2 gene are suspected to influence the risks of oral cancer. We performed a meta-analysis to systematically summarize the possible association of ERCC2 rs1799793 and rs13181 polymorphisms with oral cancer risks. METHODS: We retrieved the relevant articles from PubMed and Embase databases. Studies were selected using specific criteria. ORs and 95% CIs were calculated to assess the association. All analyses were performed using the Stata software. RESULTS: Six studies were included in this meta-analysis. There were no significant associations between ERCC2 rs1799793 and rs13181 polymorphism with overall oral cancer risk. In the stratified analysis by ethnicity, no significant associations were found. In the stratified analysis by tumor type, the risk of oral leukoplakia was significant associated with rs13181 polymorphism (AC vs. AA: OR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.01-1.62, P = 0.546 for heterogeneity, I² = 0.0%; CC vs. AA: OR = 1.94, 95% CI = 0.99-3.79, P = 0.057 for heterogeneity, I² = 60.1%; dominant model AC + CC vs. AA: OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.08-1.69, P = 0.303 for heterogeneity, I² = 17.6%; allele C vs. A: OR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.04-1.82. P = 0.043 for heterogeneity, I² = 56.4%). CONCLUSION: Rs13181 in ERCC2 gene might be associated with oral leukoplakia risk.
Assuntos
Leucoplasia Oral/genética , Proteína Grupo D do Xeroderma Pigmentoso/genética , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Estudos de Associação Genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Humanos , Neoplasias Bucais/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: A poor evidence basis exists regarding direct comparing objective and subjective donor site morbidity associated with forearm flap. The authors evaluated the postoperative donor-site complications and quality of life outcomes between radial forearm free flap (RFFF) and ulnar forearm free flap (UFFF). METHODS: All patients undergoing RFFF or UFFF harvest were included. Grip strength, pinch strength, wrist range of movement, and testing skin sensitivity were assessed with the appropriate scales at different time intervals. In addition, cosmetic and quality of life were assessed using the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) and Disability of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) score. RESULTS: Eighty patients were enrolled (40 RFFF and 40 UFFF). The results showed a short-term reduction in grip strength, fine motor skills (tip pinch, key pinch, palmar pinch), and range of motion was observed for RFFF and improved over time. None of the patients in either group experienced functional disturbance in grip strength, wrist motion, fine motor skills, or sensation to light touch at 1 year. Nine patients experienced partial skin graft loss (RFFF = 6; UFFF = 3). There was a significantly higher incidence of temporary numbness in the RFFF group (p=0.040). Persistent numbness occurred in 3 cases in RFFF. Cold intolerance was significantly lower in UFFF (2.5 %) than in RFFF (22.5%). Moreover, the mean POSAS and DASH score reduced at 12 months compared to 6 months, significantly superior for UFFF. CONCLUSION: Objective function limitations are reversible short-term effects after forearm flap and do not affect daily routines in the long term. Additionally, UFFF appears to be preferred over RFFF for subjective outcomes, which emphasizes the UFFF should be considered an alternative to RFFF for reconstructing soft-tissue defects.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: There is a shortage of well-designed self-controlled studies evaluating hand biomechanics following ulnar forearm flap (UFF) harvest. This study was conducted to evaluate objective and subjective functional outcomes of the donor's hand following UFF harvest. METHODS: All patients undergoing UFF were included for analysis. Grip strength, wrist movement, forearm supination and pronation, pinch strengths, sensation to light touch and temperature, and hand dexterity were assessed preoperatively and at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. In addition, DASH score (disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand score) and Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 18 patients were enrolled. A significant reduction in grip strength for donor's hand was observed between preoperative and postoperative 1 and 3 months (mean difference = 14 kg, 7.38 kg, respectively, p = 0.000 for all). A similar trend was observed for pinch strength and range of motion (p < 0.05). Three months after surgery, there is still a significant reduction in tip pinch, tripod pinch, wrist extension, and supination. All biomechanics outcomes returned to preoperative baseline at 6 months after surgery. No patients suffered significant changes in sensation to light touch, temperature, and numbness by 6 months. There was a significant increase in DASH score by 3.37 points 6 months after operation (p = 0.000). The POSAS score indicates satisfaction with the appearance of the donor site. CONCLUSIONS: UFF is a safe and reliable option for oral cavity reconstruction with minimum donor site morbidities, mainly when cosmesis is paramount. Furthermore, objective hand biomechanics ultimately returns to its preoperative state within 6 months after surgery.
Assuntos
Retalhos de Tecido Biológico , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica , Cicatriz/cirurgia , Antebraço/cirurgia , Retalhos de Tecido Biológico/efeitos adversos , Força da Mão , Humanos , Estudos Prospectivos , Amplitude de Movimento ArticularRESUMO
In this report, we present a case with floor of mouth squamous cell carcinoma who underwent wide excision of tumor, a marginal mandibulectomy and bilateral selective neck dissections. A 7 cm × 4 cm fasciocutaneous flap based on a posterior tibial artery perforator (PTAP) from the left posterior leg was harvested to reconstruct a floor of the mouth defect. The donor-site defect was closed primarily. The flap survived in its entirety. No donor or recipient site complications occurred. The patient tolerated a regular diet at 3-month follow-up with normal speech and leg function. To our knowledge, there has been no previous report on the use of the PTAP flap for floor of mouth reconstruction. Our experience has shown the PTAP flap could be one of options for small defects.
Assuntos
Retalhos de Tecido Biológico/irrigação sanguínea , Músculo Esquelético/transplante , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica/métodos , Artérias da Tíbia/transplante , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/cirurgia , Seguimentos , Sobrevivência de Enxerto , Humanos , Masculino , Mandíbula/cirurgia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Soalho Bucal/cirurgia , Neoplasias Bucais/patologia , Neoplasias Bucais/cirurgia , Músculo Esquelético/cirurgia , Medição de Risco , Artérias da Tíbia/cirurgia , Resultado do Tratamento , Cicatrização/fisiologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The low accuracy limits the use of fibular free flap (FFF). We apply digital navigation and 3D printing model technology in mandibular reconstruction to improve FFF's accuracy. METHODS: 34 patients who underwent with FFF to repair mandibular defects were divided into Navigation Group (13 cases, using digital navigation and 3D printing model) and Control Group (21 cases, only 3D printing model). We retrospectively reviewed patients' hospitalization information and evaluated patients by subjective and objective items, such as UW-Qol scale, CT data. RESULTS: The operation time of Navigation Group was higher significantly than Control Group (10.36 ± 1.87vs9.00 ± 1.34 h).There were no significant differences in early postoperative complications. The Qol score of appearance, motion, anxiety were higher significantly in Navigation Group. The CT results showed that mandibular angle deviation and chin deflection of Navigation Group were better significantly than Control Group (1.72 ± 1.29° vs 3.69 ± 1.67°, 2.45 ± 1.39 vs 5.19 ± 2.13 mm). CONCLUSIONS: The digital navigation can improve FFF's accuracy in mandibular reconstruction. It doesn't significantly increase complications. The digital navigation's installation and operation methods should be simplified to shorter operation time and expand its application.
Assuntos
Retalhos de Tecido Biológico , Reconstrução Mandibular , Fíbula/cirurgia , Humanos , Impressão Tridimensional , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: Previous studies have proved that periodontitis is an independent risk factor of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) epidemiologically. Along with the important role of microbiota in the cancer process and the specific anatomical position, our study explored the microbial composition and functions in periodontitis and gingival squamous cell carcinoma (GSCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: GSCC patients (n = 10), matched periodontitis patients (n = 15), and healthy individuals (n = 15) were recruited. Saliva, subgingival plaque, tongue dorsum, buccal mucosa, cancerous tissue, and paracancerous tissue samples were collected. 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing and functional prediction were applied for the taxonomic analysis. RESULTS: Periodontal pathogens occupied 46% in GSCC. Besides, the mutual operational taxonomy unites (OTU) generated from the subgingival plaque occupied 38.36% and 44.13% from saliva. Fusobacterium, Peptostreptococcus, and Prevotella were more abundant in cancerous tissues, while Streptococcus, Neisseria, and Haemophilus were more enriched in saliva or soft mucosa. PCoA exhibited similar cluster between tongue dorsum and saliva in GSCC. GSCC showed lower richness than periodontitis. In saliva and subgingival plaque, Atopobium was more prevalent in GSCC than periodontitis and controls in descending order. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) biosynthesis increased in subgingival plaque of GSCC compared with the other two groups. CONCLUSION: Periodontal pathogens were abundant in GSCC. Cancerous tissues harbor enriched periodontal pathogens while saliva or soft mucosa harbored more periodontal health related bacteria. A high level of Atopobium in saliva and LPS biosynthesis have the potential for increasing the risk of suffering from GSCC in individuals with periodontitis, which needs more evidence to clarify it.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/microbiologia , Gengiva/microbiologia , Microbiota/fisiologia , Neoplasias Bucais/microbiologia , Periodontite/microbiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Free fibular flaps (FFFs) have been widely used in mandibular reconstruction. It is still unclear whether retaining flexor hallucis longus (FHL) is needed for flaps. This study introduces a comparison in quality of life and donor-site function between those who have and haven't harvested FHL with FFF. METHODS: Patients with FFFs were single-blind-randomly assigned into the FHL group or nFHL group. Patients were followed up preoperatively and 1, 3 and 6 months postoperatively via subjective evaluations (SF-36/AOFAS) and objective evaluation s(muscle strength and range of motion). Patients' hospitalization and intraoperative information, donor site morbidity were recorded. RESULTS: Each group had 15 patients. The flap harvesting time in FHL group was shorter significantly than nFHL group (125.9 ± 24.8 min vs 146.7 ± 29.9 min, P = 0.048). There were no significant differences in hospitalization information such as operation time, hospitalization days and cost. Donor site morbidities at 1, 3 and 6 months postoperatively showed no significant differences except for the presence of claw toes (nFHL group > FHL group, 40% vs 0, P = 0.017; 53.3% vs 6.7%, P = 0.014; 60.0% vs 13.3%, P = 0.021). There were no significant differences in SF-36 and AOFAS scores. There were no significant differences in muscle strength and range of motion. CONCLUSION: Excision of the FHL lowered the flap harvesting time. It did not increase donor site morbidity. The impacts on patients' quality of life and foot function were the same. The surgeons can use the FHL without considering the influence on patients if not retaining the FHL.
Assuntos
Fíbula/cirurgia , Retalhos de Tecido Biológico/cirurgia , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/cirurgia , Reconstrução Mandibular/métodos , Músculo Esquelético/fisiologia , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Tempo de Internação , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Músculo Esquelético/cirurgia , Duração da Cirurgia , Estudos Prospectivos , Qualidade de Vida , Distribuição Aleatória , Amplitude de Movimento Articular , Método Simples-Cego , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
To provide better therapeutic avenues for treating tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC), a series of experiments about the effects of microRNA (miR)-532-3p on TSCC malignant behaviors were carried out. The result showed that miR-532-3p was down-regulated and C-C chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) was up-regulated in the tumor tissues compared with those in the paired paratumor tissues. Further, expression of miR-532-3p was detected in four TSCC cell lines, TSCCA, TCA8113, CAL-27, and SCC-25. The miR-532-3p mimics and inhibitor were transfected into the CAL-27 and TCA8113 cell lines which were the relatively lowest and highest miR-532-3p expressions, respectively. It was found that the overexpression of miR-532-3p suppressed TSCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and promoted apoptosis in vitro, whilst the knockdown of miR-532-3p reversed these behaviors. The bioinformatics predicted that CCR7 was a downstream gene of miR-532-3p, which was confirmed via luciferase assay. Following, the decline of CCR7 in the miR-532-3p mimics group and the rise of CCR7 in the miR-532-3p inhibitor group were also verified. In addition, enhanced cell proliferation, migration and invasion induced by CCR7 were partly restrained by miR-532-3p in TSCC cell. Meanwhile, miR-532-3p attenuated tumourigenesis in vivo due to the reduction of tumor volume and Ki-67 positive rate and the increase of apoptotic cells. Taken together, these findings reveal a pivotal role for the miR-532-3p/CCR7 axis in regulating TSCC, and this novel axis could be suitable for therapeutic intervention in TSCC disease.
RESUMO
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease and major health concern. Head and neck tuberculosis (HNTB) is relatively rare, but can arise in many regions, including the lymph nodes, larynx, oral cavity and pharynx. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of 60 patients diagnosed with HNTB in our department between March 2005 and January 2016. A review and summary of previous HNTB articles published in PubMed since 1885 was also performed. The subjects consisted of 17 males and 43 females, and the average age of patients was 45 ± 14.67 years. The major clinical presentation was a lump or swelling, followed by an oral ulcer and skin fistula. The most common site of tuberculosis was in the cervical lymph node. Three patients also suffered from a malignant tumor in the head and neck region. A total of 980 papers involving 5881 patients were included in our literature review. The included subjects ranged in age from 15 months to 100 years with a male-to-female ratio of 1.5:1. The larynx (38.92%), cervical lymph nodes (38.28%) and oral cavity (9.92%) were the three most common development sites. 465 patients were positive according to a HIV test, and 40 patients had comorbidities with different types of tumors. Head and neck tuberculosis should always be considered during a differential diagnosis for lesions in the head and neck region. Early diagnosis and treatment can greatly enhance the therapeutic effect and patients' quality of life.
Assuntos
Cabeça/microbiologia , Pescoço/microbiologia , Tuberculose/microbiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Comorbidade , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço , Registros de Saúde Pessoal , Humanos , Lactente , Linfonodos/microbiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias/microbiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Tuberculose/diagnóstico , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The anterolateral thigh (ALT) free flap has been an extremely versatile flap. The purpose of this study was to propose comprehensive functional assessments of the donor site. METHODS: A total of 33 ALT flaps were enrolled prospectively. Objective assessments included isokinetic testing of the knee, and electromyographic examination of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN). The Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) was used to subjectively assess the donor-site scar. RESULTS: On the donor side, a significant decrease in most isokinetic muscle strength values was obvious 1 year postoperatively (P < .01). The normal side showed a compensatory increase 1 year postoperatively in the majority of isokinetic muscle strength values (P < .05). The majority of patients (70%) showed decreased sensory conduction velocity of the LFCN or no response to the microcurrent stimulation postoperatively. The aesthetic outcome was satisfactory. CONCLUSION: The decline in functional parameters at the donor-site was common. However, much more research is needed.
Assuntos
Nervo Femoral/fisiopatologia , Retalhos de Tecido Biológico , Força Muscular/fisiologia , Condução Nervosa/fisiologia , Sítio Doador de Transplante/fisiopatologia , Adulto , Idoso , Eletromiografia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Coxa da PernaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: MicroRNAs play important roles in the development of human cancers. This case-control study is to evaluate the roles of the polymorphisms in pre-miRNAs on risk of oral cancer in a Chinese population. METHODS: The genotypes of three polymorphisms were determined in 340 patients with oral squamous cell cancer and 340 healthy controls who were frequency matched for age and sex. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were calculated to assess the association. All analyses were performed using the SPSS software. 3.154() 0.001. RESULTS: For miR-499 rs3746444, individuals carrying homozygous CC genotype had increased risks of oral cancer compared with the homozygous wild TT genotype (adjusted OR was 3.154, 95%CI was 1.555-6.397, P value was 0.001). The C allele of miR-499 rs3746444 was associated with a higher risk of oral cancer with significant odds ratio of 1.453. In the stratified analyses by sex, the associations between miR-499 rs3746444 and miR-146a rs2910164 polymorphisms with the susceptibility of oral squamous cell cancer were significant in males. However, with 1/4 as many subjects there were no significant associations between the three polymorphisms and oral cancer risks in females. The joint effects of miRNA polymorphisms and smoking on the risk of OSCC were analyzed and the results suggested that the association between microRNA genetic variants and OSCC risk was modified by smoking. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that miR-499 rs3746444 and miR-146a rs2910164 polymorphisms may contribute to genetic susceptibility to oral squamous cell cancer.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença/genética , MicroRNAs/genética , Neoplasias Bucais/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Adulto , Povo Asiático/genética , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/etnologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , China , Feminino , Frequência do Gene , Predisposição Genética para Doença/etnologia , Genótipo , Humanos , Desequilíbrio de Ligação , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Bucais/etnologia , Razão de Chances , Fatores de Risco , FumarRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The free fibula flap has become popular for mandibular reconstruction. The purpose of this study was to propose comprehensive functional assessments of the donor site. METHODS: Thirty free fibula flaps for mandible reconstruction were prospectively enrolled in the study. Objective assessments included isokinetic testing of the ankle joint, electromyographic examination of the superficial peroneal nerve (SPN), and preoperative and postoperative foot scans. The Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) was used to subjectively assess the donor site. RESULTS: The isokinetic values of the donor side showed a significant decrease 1 year postoperatively. The results of the electromyographic test of the SPN were categorized as 3 types. The plantar center pressure shifted to the heel on the donor side 6 months postoperatively. The aesthetic outcome was satisfactory. CONCLUSION: The functional parameters of the donor site indeed declined in our assessments. Further refinements in the surgical technique are needed to improve the donor site status. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 39: 279-287, 2017.
Assuntos
Transplante Ósseo/métodos , Fíbula/transplante , Retalhos de Tecido Biológico/transplante , Reconstrução Mandibular/métodos , Sítio Doador de Transplante/fisiopatologia , Cicatrização/fisiologia , Adulto , Idoso , Transplante Ósseo/efeitos adversos , China , Estudos de Coortes , Eletromiografia/métodos , Feminino , Fíbula/irrigação sanguínea , Seguimentos , Retalhos de Tecido Biológico/irrigação sanguínea , Hospitais Universitários , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias Mandibulares/patologia , Neoplasias Mandibulares/cirurgia , Reconstrução Mandibular/efeitos adversos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Bucais/patologia , Neoplasias Bucais/cirurgia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Medição de Risco , Fatores de Tempo , Coleta de Tecidos e Órgãos/métodos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to clarify whether level IIb dissection should be performed or avoided in the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma by meta-analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Articles that were published before June 2017 were searched electronically in four databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Ovid and China National Knowledge Infrastructure) without any date or language restrictions by two independent reviewers. Abstracts and full-text papers which investigated the cervical metastases to level IIb from primary head and neck cancers and were deemed potentially relevant were screened. Data were analyzed using RevMan 5.3. RESULTS: Four hundred and fifty-five abstracts and 129 full-text papers were screened, and 22 studies were included in the analysis. Among the 2001 patients included, 112 patients had level IIb metastases, the pooled frequency of which was 6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.0-7.0). Among the 400 patients with tongue squamous cell carcinoma from 12 studies, 37 patients had level IIb metastases, the pooled incidence of which was 7% (95% CI: 5.0-10.0). Metastases to level IIb always went together with level IIa, and only three patients were found to have isolated level IIb metastases without involving the other levels. CONCLUSION: Due to the low frequency of level IIb nodal metastases in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients and rare occurrence of isolated level IIb, level IIb dissection could be avoided when the primary lesions were in early stages (T1 and T2), with the exception of tongue cancer. It is recommended to dissect level IIb tongue cancers without considering the stages of primary lesions and the lymph nodes status. It is also suggested that level IIb dissection should be performed in patients preoperatively or intraoperatively found with multilevel neck metastasis, especially level IIa metastasis.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to compare the prognoses outcomes of mandibular preservation method (MPM) and the mandibulotomy approach (MLA) in oral and oropharyngeal cancer (OOPC) patients. METHOD: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Chinese BioMedical Literature Database (CBM), Cochrane Library, and clinicaltrials.gov up to September 2016 to identify the studies that compared the prognoses of the MPM versus the MLA in OOPC patients. Two authors individually extracted the data and performed quality assessment. The surgical margins, overall survival rate, total and local recurrence rates, fistula formation, and other functional outcomes were evaluated. RESULT: Six studies with 309 patients were included in our analysis. No significant difference was found regarding the surgical margins, overall survival rate, total and local recurrence rates, and speech and tongue movement between the MPM and MLA groups. However, the MPM group showed a significantly lower fistula formation rate than the MLA group after the operation. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the MPM may provide a similar clinical outcome to the MLA, but that the MPM has a lower complication rate in the treatment of OOPC patients.
Assuntos
Mandíbula/cirurgia , Osteotomia Mandibular/métodos , Neoplasias Bucais/cirurgia , Neoplasias Orofaríngeas/cirurgia , HumanosRESUMO
Frizzled2 (Fzd2) is a receptor for wingless-type MMTV integration site family members (Wnts), the aberrant overexpression of which has been noted to contribute to cancer metastasis. The present study was performed to characterize the role of Fzd2 in the migration and invasion of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) in vitro. Using TSCCa cells (a tongue SCC cell line) for loss- or gain-of-function of Fzd2, we found that a forced overexpression of Fzd2 promoted TSCCa cell migration and invasion, decreased the expression of epithelialcadherin (E-cadherin, an epithelial marker) and increased that of vimentin, Snail Slug, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)-2/-9/-13 and a-disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs-5 (ADAMTS5). By contrast, RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated knockdown of Fzd2 had opposite effects on OSCC cells. In addition, we found that the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) was enhanced by Fzd2 overexpression, but suppressed by Fzd2 depletion, and that STAT3specific shRNA attenuated Fzd2 overexpressioninduced cell invasion. In summary, the present study demonstrated that Fzd2 contributes to the migration and invasion of OSCC cells, at least partly through regulation of the STAT3 pathway. These results suggest Fzd2 as a novel therapeutic target for OSCC.