RESUMO
54 patients, 24 men and 30 women, (mean age 27 years) were examined. Two types of obsessive-phobic disorders with the phenomena of mysophobia were distinguished: obsession of the external (extracorporal) threat and obsession of contamination. Disorders of the first type (25 cases) were observed in psychopathic-like schizophrenia. They were characterized by a fear of possible contacts with different pathogenic agents--toxic substances, sharp small subjects, bacteria. Obsessions presented with a system of actions preventing phobic situations (rituals). With progression of the disease there was a decrease of both the degree and affective saturation of phobic disorders together with preserving rituals. Negative disorders presented with rough psychopathic-like changes with features of the "verschroben" defect. The disorders of the second type (29 patients) were observed in neurosis-like schizophrenia. Mysophobia manifested with both the repeated control and the fear of contamination accomplished. Ritual behavior presented with repeated actions and repeated control of the "sterility" of the own body and the surrounding subjects. Dynamics of these disorders was characterized by a tendency to more severe rituals of the control and persisting anxiety. Deficit disorders manifested with mental infantilism with psychopathic-like disorders of schizo-anancastic sphere. The above types of the obsessive-phobic disorders have a differential-diagnostic significance in respect of clinical variations of schizophrenia and determination of the state acuity with possible reversibility of the disorders (in neurosis-like schizophrenia).