[Relationship between occupational commitment and teaching practices among healthcare teachers]. / ¿Enseña diferente un docente comprometido? Relación entre compromiso docente y prácticas pedagógicas en académicos de carreras de la salud.

BACKGROUND: A central aspect of professional identity is occupational commitment, which has a significant relationship with motivation and positive mental states in healthcare environments. However, it is not clear how occupational commitment is related to teaching practices in universities. AIM: To apply the Occupational Commitment Questionnaire (OCQ) to university teachers and relate its results with the Teaching Practices Questionnaire. MATERIAL AND METHODS: OCQ and Teaching Practices Questionnaire were answered by 319 university teachers from 13 Chilean regions, who were selected through a non-probabilistic volunteer sampling. Data collection was done after informed consent. An exploratory factor analysis was performed for OCQ. The internal consistency of each factor was calculated with Cronbach's Alpha. Spearman correlations were used to explore the relationship between the two questionnaires. RESULTS: Two factors were identified in OCQ, namely Teacher Commitment and Ethical-Professional Commitment. Cronbach's Alpha was 0.85 for both factors. A moderate direct relationship between teacher commitment, ethical-professional commitment, and the Teaching Practices Questionnaire was found. CONCLUSIONS: OCQ showed an adequate internal consistency, and it was directly related with teaching practices. Committed teachers had better teaching practices. This confirms the importance of teachers' values and perceptions on their professional performance.

Occurrence of Pharmaceutical Micropollutants in Lake Nahuel Huapi, Argentine Patagonia.

Tourism is one of the most important activities for the economy of Nor Patagonia Argentina. In Bariloche City, located on the shores of Lake Nahuel Huapi, both the permanent and the temporary populations have increased significantly in recent decades, and this has not necessarily been accompanied by an improvement in sewage networks. Emerging micropollutants such as pharmaceutical compounds reach aquatic systems directly, in the absence of a domestic sewage network, or through effluents from wastewater treatment plants (WWTP), which do not efficiently remove these substances and represent a major threat to the environment. Therefore, the objective of our study was to monitor the presence of pharmaceutical compounds discharged both through wastewater effluents and diffusely from housing developments into Lake Nahuel Huapi. The results obtained demonstrate the presence of pharmaceuticals in Lake Nahuel Huapi with concentrations ranging from not detectable (ND) to 110.6 ng L-1 (caffeine). The highest pharmaceutical concentration recorded in WWTP influent corresponded to caffeine (41728 ng L-1), and the lowest concentration was paracetamol (18.8 ng L-1). The removal efficiency of pharmaceuticals in the WWTP was calculated, and ranged from 0% for carbamazepine to 66% for ciprofloxacin. This antibiotic showed the lowest % of attenuation (73%) in Lake Nahuel Huapi. These results on the occurrence of a wide variety of pharmaceuticals are the first generated in Patagonia, representing a regional baseline for this type of micropollutant and valuable information for the subsequent design of removal strategies for emerging pharmaceutical pollutants in surface water. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:1274-1284. © 2024 SETAC.

Precise Score Validation in Buenos Aires 1 Registry.

The PRECISE-DAPT score predicts the bleeding risk in patients treated with dual antiplatelet treatment after PCI. We asess the prediction power of the score in patients suffering from non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes. Our cohort included 862 patients from Buenos Aires 1 registry. The PRECISE-DAPT score was calculated upon admission and the follow up period was 15 months. The score as a continuous variable had low to moderate ability to predict bleeding events BARC 2, 3 or 5 (c-statistics 0.58 [95% CI, 0.52-0.61]); moderate at BARC 3 or 5 (c-statistics 0.72 [95% CI, 0.64-0.78]), and poor for MACE (c-statistics 0.49 [95% CI, 0,45-0.51]). PRECISE-DAPT score as a dichotomous variable (≥25, n= 210 [24%]) was associated with very high risk of bleeding (HR 2.1) and ischemic events (HR 1.9, 95% CI 1.8-2.1). As conclusion, PRECISE-DAPT score ≥25 was able to identify a subgroup of patients with high bleeding, and thrombotic events.

Clinical value of the tissue Doppler s wave to characterize left ventricular hypertrophy as defined by echocardiography.

UNLABELLED: Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) may be a physiological finding and may also be associated with different disease entities and hence, with different outcomes. Regional myocardial function can be assessed with color Doppler tissue imaging, specifically by the waveform of the isovolumic contraction (IC) period and the regional systolic wave ("s"). METHODS AND RESULTS: We studied five groups (G): healthy, sedentary young volunteers (G1, n:10); healthy sedentary adult volunteers (G2, n:8); and subjects with LVH (left ventricular mass index >125 g/m(2)) including: high performance athletes (G3, n:21), subjects with hypertension (G4, n:21), subjects with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) (G5, n:18). We measured peak "s" wave velocity (cm/sec) at the basal and mid septum, the IC/s ratio, and basal to mid-septal velocity difference (BMVD) of the "s" wave. Regional "s" wave values (cm/sec) were G1 = 5.6 +/- 1; G2 = 5.4 +/- 0.8; G3 = 5.7 +/- 0.6; G4 = 5.3 +/- 1.1; G5 = 4.2 +/- 1.1 (P < 0.0001). The IC/s ratio was G1 = 0.28 +/- 0.18; G2 = 0.39 +/- 0.21; G3 = 0.23 +/- 0.10; G4 = 0.42 +/- 0.15; G5 = 0.64 +/- 0.15 (P < 0.0001). The BMVD (cm/sec) was G1 = 2 +/- 0.51; G2 = 1.71 +/- 0.29; G3 = 1.78 +/- 0.44; G4 = 1.26 +/- 0.96; G5 = 0.45 +/- 0.4 (P < 0.0001). IC/s < 0.38 discriminated physiological from pathological forms of hypertrophy (sensitivity 90%; specificity 88%). Peak "s" wave velocity discriminated HCM from other causes of hypertrophy, with a cutoff value of 4.46 cm/sec (sensitivity 72%; specificity 90%). BMVD <0.98 cm/sec detected HCM with 89% sensitivity and 86% specificity. CONCLUSIONS: Peak "s" wave velocity and two indices: IC/s and BMDV are novel parameters that may allow to discriminate physiological from pathological forms of hypertrophy as well as different subtypes of hypertrophy.

¿Tienen los pacientes con tromboembolismo pulmonar agudo y un puntaje PESI (Índice de Severidad del Embolismo Pulmonar) intermedio o alto, asociado a cáncer activo, un mayor riesgo de presentar una evolución desfavorable respecto de aquellos sin cáncer? / Do Patients with Acute Pulmonary Embolism and an Intermediate or High PESI (Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index) Score Associated with Active Cancer Have Higher Risk of an Unfavorable Progression Versus Those Without Cancer?

RESUMEN Introducción: El Índice de Severidad del Embolismo Pulmonar (PESI) se utiliza para categorizar el riesgo de mortalidad en el tromboembolismo pulmonar agudo (TEP). Por definición, los pacientes con cáncer siempre presentarán un puntaje PESI simplificado alto y serán considerados de mayor riesgo. Existe información limitada respecto de si los pacientes con PESI intermedio o alto (≥86 puntos) y cáncer activo, tienen mayor riesgo de presentar una evolución desfavorable respecto de aquellos sin cáncer. Objetivos: Determinar si, en pacientes con TEP y un puntaje PESI ≥86 puntos, la presencia de cáncer activo se asocia a una evolución desfavorable respecto de aquellos sin cáncer. Material y métodos: Análisis retrospectivo en pacientes con TEP y un puntaje PESI ≥86, entre los años 2008 y 2022. Se evaluó la ocurrencia de muerte intrahospitalaria (MIH), uso de drogas vasopresoras (DV) y necesidad de asistencia respiratoria mecánica (ARM) en los pacientes con vs. sin cáncer. Resultados: Se analizaron 209 pacientes. La población con cáncer, respecto de aquella sin cáncer, resultó ser más joven (65 vs. 70 años; p=0,006), presentó valores de PESI simplificado altos con mayor frecuencia (100 % vs. 84 %; p<0,001), tuvo menor requerimiento de ARM (9 % vs. 34 %; p=0,005) y menor uso de DV (11 % vs. 23 %; p=0,019), aunque no se observaron dife rencias en las tasas de MIH (12,7 % vs. 8 %; p=NS). Conclusiones: Los pacientes con TEP y un puntaje PESI ≥86 con cáncer no presentaron mayor MIH e incluso tuvieron menor requerimiento de ARM y DV. En la población estudiada, los pacientes con TEP y cáncer no tuvieron mayor riesgo de presentar una evolución desfavorable.

ABSTRACT Background: The Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index (PESI) is used to categorize the risk of death in acute pulmonary em bolism (PE). By definition, cancer patients will always have a high simplified PESI score and will be considered at high risk. There is limited information regarding whether patients with an intermediate or high PESI score (≥86 points) and cancer are at greater risk of an unfavorable progression versus those without cancer. Objectives: To determine whether the presence of active cancer in patients with a PESI score ≥86 points is associated with an unfavorable progression versus those without cancer. Methods: A retrospective analysis in patients with PE and a PESI score ≥86, between 2008 and 2022. The occurrence of in-hospital mortality (IHM) the use of vasopressor drugs (VDs), and the need for mechanical ventilatory support (MVS) were evaluated in patients with vs. without cancer. Results: 209 patients were analyzed. The population with cancer was younger than patients without cancer (65 vs 70 years; p=0.006), showed high simplified PESI values more frequently (100% vs 84%; p<0.001), had lower MVS requirement (9% vs 34%; p=0.005), and used fewer VDs (11% vs 23%; p=0.019). However, no difference was observed in IHM rates (12.7% vs 8%; p=NS). Conclusions: Patients with PE and a PESI score ≥86 who have cancer did not show higher IHM and also had lower MVS and VDs requirement. Therefore, in the studied population, patients with PE and cancer had no greater risk of having an unfavorable progression.

Alta temprana en infarto agudo de miocardio con elevación del segmento ST tratado con angioplastia primaria: estudio de intervención no controlado en Argentina / Early Discharge in Acute ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Treated with Primary Angioplasty: Uncontrolled Intervention Study in Argentina

RESUMEN Introducción y objetivos: El alta hospitalaria temprana (dentro de las primeras 48 horas) en pacientes con infarto agudo de miocardio con elevación del segmento ST (IAMCEST) tratados con angioplastia coronaria primaria con stent (ATCp) ha sido adoptada en países desarrollados. Sin embargo, su implementación en Sudamérica ha sido dispar. Material y métodos: Estudio piloto de intervención no controlado, argentino, de pacientes con IAMCEST de bajo riesgo tratados con ATCp, para evaluar tasa de alta temprana y comparar la incidencia de eventos cardiovasculares adversos mayores (MACE) con la que ocurre en pacientes externados en forma no temprana. Resultados: Desde 2013 hasta 2021 se trataron con ATCp 320 pacientes con IAMCEST, de los que 158 fueron de bajo riesgo. Alta temprana en 63,9% (IC 95% 55,9-71,4%). La diabetes (OR 0,31; IC 95% 0,12-0,83) y el IAMCEST anterior (OR 0,34; IC 95% 0,16-0,69) se asociaron en forma independiente con menor probabilidad de alta temprana. Durante una mediana de seguimiento de 27,2 meses, la razón de tasas de incidencia de MACE entre los grupos de alta temprana y no temprana fue de 0,77 (IC 95 % 0,25-2,58; p = 0,61). Las variables asociadas de forma independiente con MACE fueron la revascularización completa (HR 0,18; IC 95% 0,03-0,95) y el tiempo de fluoroscopía (HR 1,02; IC 95% 1,01-1,05). No hubo diferencias significativas en las complicaciones del acceso vascular, las tasas de reingreso a 30 días y sobrevida global entre los grupos. Conclusiones: El alta temprana en pacientes con IAMCEST de bajo riesgo tratados con ATCp puede ser factible incluso en países en desarrollo, sin aumento significativo de la morbimortalidad.

ABSTRACT Background and objectives: Early discharge (within the first 48 hours) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) managed with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stenting is a strategy that has been adopted in developed countries. However, its implementation in South America has been uneven. Methods: We conducted an uncontrolled intervention pilot study on low-risk STEMI patients managed with primary PCI to evaluate the early discharge rate and compare the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) with those occurring in patients discharged later. Results: Of 320 STEMI patients managed with primary PCI from 2013 to 2021, 158 were low-risk patients and 63.9% (95% CI 55.9-71,4%) of them were discharged early. Diabetes (OR 0.31, 95% CI 0.12-0.83), and anterior wall STEMI (OR 0.34, 95% CI 0.16-0.69) were independently associated with lower probability of early discharge. During a median follow-up period of 27.2 months, the incidence rate ratio of MACE between the early discharge and non-early discharge groups was 0.77 (95% CI 0.25-2.58; p = 0.61). The variables independently associated with MACE were complete revascularization (HR 0.18, 95% CI 0.03-0.95) and fluoroscopy time (HR 1.02, 95% CI 1.01-1.05). There were no significant differences in vascular access complications, 30-day readmission rate and overall survival between groups. Conclusions: Early discharge in low-risk STEMI patients managed with primary PCI may be feasible even in developing countries, without significantly increasing morbidity and mortality.

Resultados a largo plazo de la cirugía de revascularización coronaria según la presencia o no de enfermedad del tronco de la arteria coronaria izquierda / Long-term Outcomes of Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery According to the Presence or Absence of Left Main Coronary Artery Disease

RESUMEN Introducción: La cirugía de revascularización miocárdica (CRM) ha modificado la evolución natural de los pacientes con enfermedad de tronco de la arteria coronaria izquierda (TCI). En nuestro medio es escasa la información relacionada con el seguimiento a mediano y largo plazo de los pacientes intervenidos. Objetivo: Evaluar la implicancia de la enfermedad del TCI en la evolución alejada de los pacientes intervenidos con CRM, y conocer la mortalidad e incidencia de infarto de miocardio (IAM) y/o accidente cerebrovascular (ACV). Resultados: El seguimiento se completó en 438 pacientes (95,6%) con una mediana de 58 meses [Rango intercuartilo (RIC) 35-88 meses]. La sobrevida actuarial fue a 10 años del 91,8% para toda la población, sin diferencias significativas entre el grupo TCI (91,57%) vs. el grupo no TCI (91,86%), HR 1,008, IC95% 0,38-2,65, p=0,98. En el análisis multivariado se encontraron como predictores de mortalidad alejada la fracción de eyección ventricular izquierda preoperatoria (HR 0,95, IC 95% 0,93-0,97, p<0,001), la edad (HR 1,1, IC 95% 1,04-1,13, p< 0,001) y la prioridad no electiva de la cirugía (HR = 3,71; IC 95%: 1,3-10,35; p = 0,01). La sobrevida libre de IAM fue del 96,8% (TCI 94% vs. no TCI 97,4%, p= 0,8) y la libertad de ACV fue del 98% (TCI 97,8% vs. no TCI 98,1%, p= 0,8). Conclusión: En los pacientes sometidos a CRM, la presencia de enfermedad del TCI no incrementó la tasa de eventos duros (muerte, IAM y ACV) en el seguimiento alejado. Los resultados obtenidos en esta serie de pacientes son similares a los publicados en la bibliografía internacional utilizada para desarrollar las guías de revascularización miocárdica.

ABSTRACT Background: Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) has modified the natural evolution of patients with left main coronary artery (LMCA) disease. There is little information in our setting regarding the mid- and long-term follow-up of operated patients. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the implication of LMCA disease in the long-term evolution of patients operated on with CABG, and to assess the mortality and incidence of myocardial infarction (AMI) and/or stroke. Results: Follow-up was completed in 438 patients (95.6%) with a median of 58 months [interquartile range (IQR) 35-88 months]. Actuarial survival at 10 years was 91.8% for the entire population, with no significant differences between the LMCA group (91.57%) vs. the non-LMCA group (91.86%), HR 1,008 95% CI 0.38-2.65, p=0.98. In multivariate analysis, preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction (HR = 0.95; 95% CI 0.93-0.97; p < 0.001), age (HR 1.1, 95% CI 1.04-1.13, p<0.001) and non-elective priority of surgery (HR=3.71; 95% CI 1.3-10.35; p=0.01) were independent predictors of long-term mortality. AMI-free survival was 96.8% (LMCA 94% vs. non-LMCA 97.4%, p=0.8) and freedom from stroke was 98% (LMCA 97.8% vs. non-LMCA 98.1 %, p=0.8). Conclusion: In patients undergoing CABG, the presence of LMCA disease did not increase the rate of hard events (death, AMI, and stroke) at the long-term follow-up. The results obtained in this series of patients are similar to those published in the international literature used to develop myocardial revascularization guidelines.

¿Enseña diferente un docente comprometido? Relación entre compromiso docente y prácticas pedagógicas en académicos de carreras de la salud / Relationship between occupational commitment and teaching practices among healthcare teachers

Background: A central aspect of professional identity is occupational commitment, which has a significant relationship with motivation and positive mental states in healthcare environments. However, it is not clear how occupational commitment is related to teaching practices in universities. Aim: To apply the Occupational Commitment Questionnaire (OCQ) to university teachers and relate its results with the Teaching Practices Questionnaire. Material and Methods: OCQ and Teaching Practices Questionnaire were answered by 319 university teachers from 13 Chilean regions, who were selected through a non-probabilistic volunteer sampling. Data collection was done after informed consent. An exploratory factor analysis was performed for OCQ. The internal consistency of each factor was calculated with Cronbach's Alpha. Spearman correlations were used to explore the relationship between the two questionnaires. Results: Two factors were identified in OCQ, namely Teacher Commitment and Ethical-Professional Commitment. Cronbach's Alpha was 0.85 for both factors. A moderate direct relationship between teacher commitment, ethical-professional commitment, and the Teaching Practices Questionnaire was found. Conclusions: OCQ showed an adequate internal consistency, and it was directly related with teaching practices. Committed teachers had better teaching practices. This confirms the importance of teachers' values and perceptions on their professional performance.

Implicancia de la enfermedad del tronco de coronaria izquierda en los resultados de la cirugía de revascularización miocárdica / Implication of Left Main Coronary Artery Disease on Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery Results

RESUMEN Introducción: La cirugía de revascularización miocárdica (CRM) ha sido el abordaje indicado para el tratamiento de la lesión del tronco de la coronaria izquierda (TCI), siendo la angioplastia coronaria (ATC) un tratamiento alternativo en un grupo muy seleccionado de pacientes. Sin embargo, los criterios de no inferioridad de los resultados de la ATC en términos de mortalidad e infarto de miocardio (IAM) en el seguimiento a mediano plazo es tema de discusión actual. Objetivo: Evaluar las características clínicas, funcionales y angiográficas de los pacientes sometidos a CRM con y sin TCI, y las implicancias de morbimortalidad halladas. Material y métodos: Se sometió a 458 pacientes consecutivos a CRM; 187 (40.82%) presentaban TCI. El grupo con TCI tenía un perfil de riesgo mayor: ArgenScore: 2.78 (1.55-5.9) vs 2.78 (1.95-7) p=0.03, STS score: 0.85 (0.55-1.8) vs 0.77 (0.5-1.17) p=0.01 y EuroSCORE II: 2.2 (1.35-3.97) vs 1.75 (1.08-2.9) p=0.04 respecto al grupo sin TCI. Resultados: A pesar del mayor riesgo esperado no hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas en mortalidad 3.2% vs 1.1%, IAM 2.6% vs 1.1% y ACV 1% vs 0.3% en los dos grupos. En el análisis multivariado el TCI no fue predictor de morbimortalidad (HR = 2.1; IC 95% 0.70-6.23; p = 0.18) e identifico positivamente a la fracción de eyección preoperatoria (HR = 0.96; IC 95%: 0.93-0.99; p = 0.040) y la cirugía no programada (HR = 3.44; IC 95%: 1.60-7.41; p = 0.002). Conclusiones: en nuestra experiencia los pacientes intervenidos con CRM el TCI no es predictor de muerte, IAM y/o ACV.

ABSTRACT Background: Coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) has been the indicated approach for the treatment of left main coronary artery disease (LMCA), with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) as an alternative treatment in a highly selected group of patients. However, the non-inferiority criteria of PCI outcomes in terms of mortality and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the mid-term follow-up are currently subject of debate. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical, functional and angiographic characteristics of patients undergoing CABG with and without LMCA disease, and the implications of morbidity and mortality encountered. Methods: A total of 458 consecutive patients underwent CABG; 187 (40.82%) presented LMCA disease. This group had a higher risk profile compared with the group without LMCA disease: ArgenSCORE: 2.78 (1.55-5.9) vs. 2.78 (1.95-7); p=0.03, STS score: 0.85 (0.55-1.8) vs. 0.77 (0.5-1.17); p=0.01 and EuroSCORE II: 2.2 (1.35-3.97) vs. 1.75 (1.08-2.9); p=0.04. Results: Despite the higher expected risk, there were no statistically significant differences in mortality (3.2% vs. 1.1%), AMI (2.6% vs. 1.1%) and stroke (1% vs. 0.3%) in the two groups. In the multivariate analysis, LMCA disease was not a predictor of morbidity and mortality (HR=2.1; 95% CI 0.70-6.23; p=0.18) and positively identified the preoperative ejection fraction (HR=0.96; 95% CI 0.93-0.99; p=0.040) and non-programmed surgery (HR=3.44; 95% CI 1.60-7.41; p=0.002). Conclusions: In our experience, LMCA disease in patients undergoing CABG is not a predictor of death, AMI and/or stroke.

Aproximaciones bioéticas al caso de Charlie Gard / Aproximações bioéticas ao caso de Charlie Gard / Bioethical approximations to the case of Charlie Gard

Resumen: El litigio que enfrentó a los padres del niño Charlie Gard contra el Great Ormond Street Hospital de Londres, primero, y contra el propio Reino Unido, después, generó efectos mediáticos a nivel mundial pero escaso debate desde la perspectiva bioética. En el presente artículo se resumen algunos aspectos relevantes de la controversia que permiten analizar tres de las lecciones formuladas por Wilkinson y Savulescu al respecto. Se plantean además dos reflexiones bioéticas: la primera en relación a la dificultad en la aplicación de principios para examinar el caso, y la segunda referida a la interdisciplinariedad requerida para su análisis.

Resumo: O litigio que enfrentou os pais do menino Charlie Gard contra o Great Ormond Street Hospital de Londres, primeiro contra o próprio Reino Unido, gerou depois efeitos midiáticos mundiais porém escasso debate sob uma perspectiva bioética. No presente artigo se resume alguns aspectos relevantes da controvérsia, que permitem analisar três das lições formuladas por Wilkinson e Savulescu a respeito. Além disto, se propõe duas reflexões bioéticas: a primeira em relação à dificuldade na aplicação de princípios para examinar o caso e a segunda no que se refere à interdisciplinaridade requerida para sua análise.

Abstract: The litigation that confronted the parents of the child Charlie Gard against the Great Ormond Street Hospital in London, first, and against the United Kingdom itself, later, generated media effects worldwide but little debate from a bioethical perspective. This article summarizes some relevant aspects of the controversy that allow analyzing three of the lessons formulated by Wilkinson and Savulescu in this regard. Two bioethical reflections are also proposed: the first in relation to the difficulty in the application of principles to examine the case, and the second referred to the interdisciplinarity required for its analysis.

Calidad de atención del infarto agudo de miocardio en la Argentina: Observaciones del Registro SCAR (Síndromes Coronarios Agudos en Argentina) / Quality of Care for Acute Myocardial Infarction in Argentina: Observations from the SCAR (Acute Coronary Syndromes in Argentina) Registry

Introducción: Las mediciones de calidad ayudan a cuantificar la distancia entre la atención en salud que se brinda y la que se debería brindar. Existen mediciones específicas sobre la calidad de la atención del infarto de miocardio que permiten uniformar los datos de calidad que toda institución debería medir para autoevaluarse y compararse con otras. Objetivo: Analizar los datos de calidad de la atención del infarto en nuestro país utilizando los datos del Registro Multicéntrico SCAR (Síndromes Coronarios Agudos en Argentina). Material y métodos: Se analizaron los datos de calidad de atención del infarto de miocardio de los pacientes de la base de datos del Registro Multicéntrico SCAR utilizando definiciones del documento "ACC/AHA 2008 performance measures for adults with ST-elevation and non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction". Resultados: Se analizaron 751 casos de infarto de miocardio con datos completos sobre indicadores de calidad. El uso de aspirina, betabloqueantes, estatinas y antagonistas de la angiotensina fue cercano al 90%. La excepción fue el uso de clopidogrel, que fue del 72,5% en quienes no recibieron reperfusión mecánica. Se relevó la función ventricular durante la internación en el 90,2% de los casos. Recibieron alguna estrategia de reperfusión el 90,1% de los infartos con elevación del segmento ST y menos de 12 horas de evolución. El tiempo puerta-balón fue < 90 minutos en el 50,8% de los casos, mientras que el tiempo puerta-aguja fue < 30 minutos en el 40,5%. Conclusiones: Globalmente se observaron valores altos de cumplimiento en los tratamientos farmacológicos y de reperfusión, excepto en el uso de clopidogrel sin revascularización mecánica. Se observó un cumplimiento bajo en los tiempos apropiados de los tratamientos de reperfusión.

Introduction: Quality assessments help to quantify the gap between healthcare provision and what should be awarded. There are specific measurements on quality of medical care for myocardial infarction which standardize the quality information that every institution should determine for self-assessment and for comparison with others. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze quality of care for myocardial infarction data in our country using the SCAR (Acute Coronary Syndromes in Argentina) Multicenter Registry. Methods: Quality of care data for myocardial infarction was analyzed in patients included in the database of the SCAR Multicenter Registry using definitions of the "ACC/AHA 2008 performance measures for adults with ST-elevation and non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction" document. Results: The study analyzed 751 myocardial infarction cases with complete data on quality indicators. Aspirin, betablockers, statins and angiotensin antagonists were used in nearly 90% of patients. The exception was clopidogrel which was used in 72.5% of patients not receiving mechanical reperfusion. Ventricular function was assessed during hospitalization in 90.2% of cases. A reperfusion strategy was used in 90.1% of ST-segment-elevation infarctions and less than 12-hour evolution. Door-to-balloon time was < 90 minutes in 50.8% of cases, while door-to-needle time was < 40.5%. Conclusions: Overall, there was high compliance to pharmacological and reperfusion treatments except in the use of clopidogrel without mechanical revascularization, and low compliance to the appropriate times of reperfusion therapy.

Infarto agudo de miocardio con supradesnivel persistente del segmento ST: Registro multicéntrico SCAR (Síndromes Coronarios Agudos en Argentina) de la Sociedad Argentina de Cardiología / Acute Myocardial Infarction with Persistent ST-segment Elevation: SCAR (Acute Coronary Syndromes in Argentina) Multicenter Registry from the Argentine Society of Cardiology

Introducción Los registros de síndromes coronarios agudos realizados por la Sociedad Argentina de Cardiología aportan información actualizada y comparativa sobre su evolución, cuyo análisis permite conocer la tasa de mortalidad, diferentes patrones de tratamiento regionales y evaluar la relación entre los resultados y variables demográficas, características clínicas y terapéutica aplicada en la “vida real”. Objetivos Analizar las características clínicas, terapéuticas y evolutivas del infarto agudo de miocardio con supradesnivel del segmento ST (IAMST) del registro multicéntrico realizado por la Sociedad Argentina de Cardiología durante 2011. Material y métodos Se analizaron pacientes con diagnóstico de IAMST incluidos en el registro multicéntrico SCAR (Síndromes Coronarios Agudos en Argentina). Se compararon datos de centros que participaron en los registros de 2005 y de 2011. Resultados Se incluyeron 476 pacientes. Una cuarta parte fueron mujeres, la edad media fue de 61 ± 12,3 años, el 70% recibió tratamiento de reperfusión: 20% (n = 92) con trombolíticos y 50% (n = 238) con angioplastia primaria. La mortalidad hospitalaria de los IAMST fue del 8%. Fueron predictores independientes de muerte la edad mayor de 70 años (OR 2, IC 95% 1,2-3,3; p = 0,003), no haber recibido tratamiento de reperfusión (OR 1,72, IC 95% 1,1-2,0; p = 0,01) y el shock cardiogénico (OR 37, IC 95% 12-117; p < 0,0001). Comparando los mismos centros, en 2011 se redujo en un 30% el número de casos que no recibieron tratamiento de reperfusión, con un incremento del uso de la angioplastia primaria [OR 3,7 (IC 95% 1,6-4; p < 0,001)]. Se detectó también una reducción de la mortalidad hospitalaria [OR 0,40 (IC 95% 0,23-0,83; p = 0,01)]. Conclusiones El 70% de los pacientes con IAMST del SCAR recibió tratamiento de reperfusión, mientras que la mortalidad fue del 8%. Respecto de 2005 se observó, entre otros hallazgos, un incremento de la angioplastia primaria y una disminución de la mortalidad hospitalaria.

Introduction Acute coronary syndrome registries made by the Argentine Society of Cardiology provide current and comparative information on their evolution, whose analysis allows to know mortality rate and different regional treatment patterns, and to evaluate the relationship between outcomes and demographic variables, clinical characteristics and therapy applied in “real life”. Objectives To analyze the clinical, therapeutic and outcome characteristics of ST segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI) included in a multicenter registry conducted by the Argentine Society of Cardiology in 2011. Methods Patients diagnosed with STEMI included in the multicenter SCAR (Acute Coronary Syndromes in Argentina) registry were analyzed. Data from centers that participated in the 2005 and 2011 registries were compared. Results The study included 476 patients. Twenty-five percent of patients were women, mean age was 61 ± 12.3 years, and 70% received reperfusion therapy: 20% (n = 92) with thrombolytics and 50% (n = 238) with primary angioplasty. In-hospital mortality rate due to STEMI was 8%. Independent predictors of death were age over 70 years (OR 2, 95% CI 1.2-3.3, p = 0.003), not having received reperfusion therapy (OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.1-2.0, p = 0.01) and cardiogenic shock (OR 37, 95% CI 12-117, p < 0.0001). Comparison of the same centers showed that in 2011 the number of cases that did not receive reperfusion therapy was reduced by 30%, with increased use of primary angioplasty [OR 3.7 (95% CI 1.6-4, p < 0.001)]. A reduction of in-hospital mortality [OR 0.40 (95% CI 0.23-0.83, p = 0.01)] was also identified. Conclusions Seventy percent of patients with STEMI included in the SCAR registry received reperfusion therapy, while mortality rate was 8%. Compared with 2005, an increase of primary angioplasty and decreased in-hospital mortality was found, among other findings.

Valor clínico de la utilización del strain rate sistólico en el estudio de distintas formas de hipertrofia ventricular izquierda / Clinical Value of Systolic Strain Rate Utilization in the Assessment of Different Types of Left Ventricle Hypertrophy

Introducción La hipertrofia del ventrículo izquierdo (HVI) incluye diferentes etiologías, estados evolutivos y pronóstico. El strain rate sistólico (SRS) o estudio de la deformación miocárdica permite analizar la función sistólica regional al evaluar la velocidad de acortamiento miocárdico en función del tiempo, con independencia del movimiento traslativo del corazón o del tironeamiento de estructuras vecinas. Objetivo Determinar la utilidad del strain rate sistólico para diferenciar formas de hipertrofia del ventrículo izquierdo. Material y métodos La población del estudio estuvo conformada por cuatro grupos: Grupo 1: (G1, n = 10): voluntarios sanos sedentarios; grupo 2 (G2, n = 21): atletas de alto rendimiento con aumento del índice de masa del ventrículo izquierdo (IMVI) > 125 g/m²; grupo 3 (G3, n = 15): pacientes hipertensos según VII JNC con IMVI > 125 g/m² y grupo 4 (G4, n = 12): pacientes con miocardiopatía hipertrófica (MCH), septum > 15 mm y/o relación septum/pared posterior > 1,5:1, sin causa que lo justifique. Resultados En los grupos con IMVI incrementado no hubo diferencia en la fracción de acortamiento mesoparietal (p = 0,3) o el IMVI (p = 0,6). SRS 01 seg (G1) 0,75 1/s, (G2) 0,87 1/s, (G3) 0,57 1/s, (G4) 0,29 1/s (p < 0,001). SRS 02 seg (G1) 0,67 1/s, (G2) 0,52 1/s, (G3) 0,49 1/s (G4) 0,18 1/s (p < 0,001). SRS 03 seg (G1) 0,57 1/s, (G2) 0,38 1/s, (G3) 0,25 1/s (G4) 0,11 1/s (p < 0,002). EL SRS permitió diferenciar MCH en deportistas durante toda la sístole. Conclusión El acortamiento sistólico regional determinado por SRS está disminuido en la MCH. La utilización de esta técnica permite diferenciar formas de hipertrofia patológica de la hipertrofia fisiológica.

Introduction Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) includes different etiologies, evolution status and prognosis. Systolic strain rate (SSR) or myocardial deformation assessment allows analyzing the regional systolic function by assessing myocardial shortening velocity throughout time, independently of the translation movement of the heart or pulling of neighboring structures. Objective To determine if the systolic strain rate is a useful resource to differentiate types of left ventricle hypertrophy. Material and methods Study population included four groups: Group 1 (G1, n=10): healthy sedentary volunteers; Group 2 (G2, n=21): highperformance athletes with left ventricle mass index increase (LVMI) >125 g/m²; Group 3 (G3, n=15): hypertensive patients according to VII JNC with LVMI >125 g/m² and Group 4 (G4, n=12): patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), septum >15 mm and/or posterior septum/wall relation >1,5:1, without any cause. Results There were no differences between groups with increased LVMI in mesoparietal shortening fraction (p=0.3) or LVMI (p=0.6). SRS 01 sec (G1) 0.75 1/s. (G2) 0.87 1/s; (G3) 0.57 1/s; (G4) 0.29 1/s (p<0.001). SRS 02 sec (G1) 0.7 1/s, (G2) 0.52 1/s, (G3) 0.49 1/s (G4) 0.18 1/s (p<0.001). SRS 03 sec (G1) 0.57 1/s, (G2) 0.38 1/s, (G3) 0.25 1/s (G4) 0.11 1/s (p<0,002). SSR allows differentiating HCM in athletes during the systole. Conclusion Regional systolic shortening assessed by SSR is decreased in HCM. The use of this technique allows differentiating types of pathological hypertrophy from physiological hypertrophy.

Valor clínico del análisis de la fase sistólica de la contracción ventricular con Doppler tisular en la discriminación de hipertrofia fisiológica de formas patológicas / Clinical value of tissue Doppler analysis of systolic phase contraction in the discrimination of physiological and pathological ventricular hypertrophy

Introducción: La hipertrofia del ventrículo izquierdo (HVI) incluye diferentes etiologías, estados evolutivos y pronóstico. El Doppler tisular (DT) pulsado permite estudiar aspectos de la función miocárdica mediante el análisis de la velocidad regional. Objetivo: Determinar la utilidad del análisis de las ondas del período isovolúmico (IVCa) y de la onda sistólica regional (s del DT pulsado para diferenciar formas de hipertrofia ventricular izquierda. Material y métodos: Se conformaron cinco grupos de estudio: voluntarios sanos sedentarios jóvenes (G1, n = 10), adultos sanos (G2, n = 8) y los portadores de HVI (índice de masa ventricular izquierda [IMVI] >125 g/m²) incluyeron atletas de alto rendimiento (G3, n = 10), hipertensos diagnosticados según el JNC VII (G4, n = 10) y miocardiopatía hipertrófica (MCH) (G5, n = 8). Se analizaron la velocidad máxima de la onda s en cm/seg del septum basal y medio, la relación IVCa/s y la diferencia de velocidad de la onda s del septum basal y medio (DVMB). Resultados: Edad (años): G1 33 ± 8, G2 53 ± 5, G3 32 ± 10, G4 51 ± 14, G5 51 ± 12, IMVI (g/m 2 ): G1, 90,5, G2 95, G3 138, G4 178, G5 161; p = 0,003. No se observaron diferencias entre grupos en la fracción de acortamiento mesoparietal (FAM) (p = 0,3) ni en el estrés de fin de sístole (EFS) (p = 0,1). La s regional fue: G1 5,62 ± 1,41, G2 5,41 ± 0,85, G3 5,57 ± 0,71, G4 4,86 ± 0,63, G5 3,99 ± 1,02 (p = 0,002), la relación IVCa/s fue: G1 0,28 ± 0,17, G2 0,38 ± 0,21, G3 0,20 ± 0,12, G4 0,45 ± 0,14, G5 0,77 ± 0,28 (p = 0,001) y la DVMB fue: G1 1,99 ± 0,5, G2 1,71 ± 0,3, G3 1,72 ± 0,5, G4 1,42 ± 0,4, G5 0,56 ± 0,3 (p = 0,001). La relación IVCa/s < 0,38 discrimina hipertrofia fisiológica de patológica con una sensibilidad del 90 por ciento y una especificidad del 88 por ciento. La DVMB < 0,98 identificó MCH con una sensibilidad del 100 por ciento y una especificidad del 95 por ciento. En un análisis de regresión logística, la onda s fue el único predictor de MCH ...

Epidemiología del infarto agudo de miocardio en los hospitales públicos de la Capital Federal / Epidemiology of acute myocardial infarction in public hospitals of Buenos Aires city

Con el objeto de conocer las características y la evolución clínica de los pacientes con infarto agudo de miocardio internados en los hospitales públicos de la Capital Federal, se analizaron 509 casos ingresados durante un año. Entre los hallazgos del estudio se destacan una población relativamente joven con baja prevalencia de mujeres, un empleo importante de trombolíticos, una utilización reducida de estudios complementarios (con excepción de la ecocardiografía) y una indicación muy reducida de procedimientos de revascularización. La incidencia de angina posinfarto fue del 16 por ciento, la de reinfarto del 6 por ciento y la mortalidad intrahospitalaria fue de sólo el 8 por ciento