Cryobiology and fertility preservation: a perspective on past, current and future studies.

Cryopreservation has been used over many decades for the maintenance of viable biological specimens. Its expansion into the area of fertility preservation has been a natural outcome of the increased risks to human fertility from diseases, such as cancer and its treatment protocols, including radiation and chemo-therapy, and the general lifestyle trend to later marriages. The use of assisted reproductive techniques (ART) in preserving fertility have benefitted significantly from new scientific approaches, such as cryostorage, in which live cells and tissues are stored at low temperatures and revived when necessary. This review focuses on "cryopreservation science monitoring in reproductive biomedicine" to evaluate knowledge, trends, driving forces, impetus, and emerging technologies in order to draw a future roadmap for this field. Our analysis of the field of cryobiology emphasizes the significance of strategic planning of cryobiology research to support more its extensive use in therapeutics in the future. The Royan Institute (Tehran, Iran) recognises this need and has developed a strategic plan to engage in multidisciplinary research on the application of cryobiology, including cryobioengineering, in disease mitigation. We hoped that this study can help improve the quality and quantity of public discourse and expert awareness of the role for cryopreservation in fertility preservation within ART. DOI: 10.54680/fr23410110112.

Interleukin-6 secreted by oral cancer- associated fibroblast accelerated VEGF expression in tumor and stroma cells.

Oral cancer represents the sixth most common cancer type worldwide. Patients with oral cancer express high levels of IL-6 which is associated with very poor prognosis. Previous studies illustrated that IL-6 cytokine induces angiogenesis. It has also been reported that the presence of Cancer- Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs) is essential for angiogenesis. In this study, we examined the correlation between IL-6 and CAF and the role of this correlation on VEGF production. In this study, quantitative expression level of IL-6 and VEGF in CAF and Oral Cancer Cells (OCCs) examined through Real Time PCR and ELISA and western blot analysis. In addition, maintenance and retention of IL-6 and VEGF checked out in co-culture experiment of CAF and OCC cells. These experiments demonstrated that in oral cancer, CAF cell line secretes significantly more IL-6 than OCC. Also IL-6 is a factor that causes VEGF secretion in CAF cell line. CAF is the basic and the most essential source for producing IL-6 in patients with oral cancer. Secreted IL-6 is able to induce VEGF production in both CAF and OCCs. Correlation between CAF, IL-6 and VEGF could be considered as an approach for cancer therapy.