[A case study of anaphylaxis in a pregnant woman]. / Choque anafiláctico en una gestante en el tercer trimestre de embarazo.

We report a case of anaphylaxis in a 35+5 week of pregnancy patient who came to the Emergency Room with shortness of breath, hypotension and loss on fetal wellbeing. Due to her medical history and given the clinical picture at that time, an anaphylactic shock was suggested as the most probable diagnose. The administration of dexchlorpheniramine and methylprednisolone resulted in an immediate and positive reaction. Simultaneously, an improvement in the fetus cardiotocographic record was objectified. The patient was hospitalized for 48 hours, after which she was discharged. In case of suspicion of anaphylaxis in a pregnant woman, four aspects should be handled: the severity of the anaphylaxis chart, individual complications regarding a pregnant woman, unfavorable effects of the regularly used treatment during that specific gestation, and the need of fetal extraction based of gestational age.

Therapeutic attitude towards internal mammary chain drainage in patients with breast cancer.

Internal mammary chain (IMC) is one of the main local lymph drainages in breast cancer. However, internal mammary chain sentinel lymph node biopsy (IMC-SLNB) is not always performed. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the outcomes of IMC-SLNB in our institution from 2008 to 2014. We analyzed 1346 women with breast cancer. Six-hundred twenty-two sentinel node biopsies were carried out, one out of ten in IMC territory. Adjuvant radiotherapy in this area was added when positive. IMC-SLNB is feasible, it may change tumour stage, modify adjuvant therapy and change prognosis in selected patients.

Salpingooforectomía bilateral profiláctica en pacientes con BRCA1 o BRCA2 / Prophylactic bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy in patients with BRCA1 or BRCA2

Resumen OBJETIVO: Determinar la prevalencia, factores clínicos o epidemiológicos de cáncer oculto en pacientes BRCA1 o BRCA2 operadas para salpingooforectomía bilateral profiláctica. Evaluar las complicaciones quirúrgicas en las cirugías laparoscópicas. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional, retrospectivo, llevado a cabo en el Hospital Gregorio Marañón entre 2012 y 2018. Se revisaron las salpingooforectomías bilaterales profilácticas practicadas a pacientes con mutaciones confirmadas BRCA1 o 2, no diagnosticadas previamente de cáncer de ovario o trompa. Las principales variables analizadas fueron: antecedentes familiares, edad, índice de masa corporal, hábito tabáquico, mutación genética, cirugías abdominales previas, cáncer de mama, fecha de la cirugía, tiempo quirúrgico, tipo de cirugía, técnica de entrada a la cavidad abdominal y complicaciones quirúrgicas. El análisis estadístico se efectuó con SPSS 17.0. RESULTADOS: Se estudiaron 59 pacientes. La prevalencia de cáncer oculto fue 5 de 59. La edad media de las pacientes con diagnóstico de cáncer oculto en el momento de la cirugía fue 47.8 años. Se encontró antecedente de cáncer de mama en 43 de las 59 pacientes; en este subgrupo se encontró cáncer oculto en 2 pacientes. En el subgrupo sin antecedente de cáncer de mama, la frecuencia fue 3 de 16. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre ambos grupos (p = 0.118). Todas las pacientes a quienes se diagnosticó cáncer oculto, salvo una, eran fumadoras. La tasa de complicaciones intraoperatorias fue 2 de 51 y 1 de 51 las postoperatorias CONCLUSIONES: Las pacientes con BRCA1 o BRCA2 son un grupo de alto riesgo oncológico que requiere seguimiento y asesoramiento específicos en unidades especializadas de hospitales de tercer nivel de atención.

Abstract OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of occult cancer in BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 patients undergoing prophylactic bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. To determine associated clinical or epidemiological factors. To evaluate surgical complications in surgeries performed via laparoscopy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective observational study conducted at the Gregorio Marañón hospital between 2012 and 2018. Review of prophylactic bilateral salpingo-oophorectomies performed in patients with confirmed BRCA1 and/or 2 mutations and not previously diagnosed with ovarian and/or fallopian cancer. Main variables: family history, age, body mass index, smoking habit, genetic mutation, previous abdominal surgeries, breast cancer, surgery date, surgical time, type of surgery, technique of the entrance to the abdominal cavity, surgical complications. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 17.0. RESULTS: 59 patients were included. The prevalence of occult cancer was 5/59. The average age (at the time of surgery) of patients diagnosed with occult cancer was 47.8 years. 43/59 had a history of breast cancer; in this group occult cancer was found in two patients. In the group with no history of breast cancer, frequency of occult cancer was 3/16. No statistically significant differences were found between both groups (p = 0.118). All patients diagnosed with occult cancer, except one, were smokers. The rate of intraoperative complications was 2/51 and 1/51 postoperative. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 mutations are a group of high cancer risk that require specific monitoring and advice in specialized units of third level hospitals.