Correlation between circulating corticosterone and protein carbonylation in the liver after short-term hypokinesia.

We studied the correlation of the concentration of circulating corticosterone and parameters of dexamethasone suppression test with the level of protein carbonylation in the liver after short-term hypokinesia. Increasing hypokinesia duration was followed by worsening of disturbances in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system via a negative feedback mechanism and enhanced protein carbonylation in the liver.

Effects of preliminary hypokinetic stress on sensitivity of the bone marrow to the hypoplastic effect of exogenous glucocorticoid.

We studied the cell composition and free radical oxidation in the bone marrow of white outbred rats after hypokinetic stress (24 and 72 h) and the effects of exogenous glucocorticoid triamcinolone acetonide (2 mg/kg; injected 24 h after hypokinesia); the measurements were performed in 96 h after drug administration. The hypoplastic effect of the glucocorticoid after 24-h hypokinesia was observed against the background of reduced free radical oxidation. In animals subjected to 3-day hypokinesia, the resistance of the bone marrow to the hypoplastic effect of this drug was accompanied by activation of free radical processes.

[On the mechanism of action of cryomassage of the abdominal wall in the patients presenting with gastroduodenal pathology].

The mechanism of action of cryomassage of the abdominal wall in the patients presenting with gastroduodenal pathology is considered. The authors suppose that the positive effect of cryotherapy is underlain by normalization of microcirculation in the digestive organs and the resulting improvement of energy and plastic support of intracellular processes, e.g. phosphorylation.

[The application of physiotherapy for the treatment of irritated bowel syndrome].

Irritated bowel syndrome (IBS) is a leading pathology among the so-called functional diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. The development of methods for their treatment including physiotherapeutic modalities is based on the knowledge of peculiarities of the clinical features of various forms of IBS characterized by a combination of various etiological factor, such as social conditions, pathogenetic mechanisms, and individual characteristics of the patients. Insufficient effectiveness of the medicamental treatment of irritated bowel syndrome due to poor knowledge of its nature and pathogenetic mechanisms require the application of a variety of physiotherapeutic methods and physical factors including interference currents, cryotherapy, sinusoidal modulated currents, running pulsed magnetic field, balneo- and peloidotherapy, etc.). These methods are analysed in the paper in conjunction with their analgesic and sedative effects normalizing the motor intestinal function. The authors emphasize the necessity of taking into consideration both localization and intensity of therapeutic effects for the manifestation of biological action of the applied physical factors prescribed for the treatment of irritated bowel syndrome.

[Nutrition and metabolic syndrome from the positions of a gastroenterologist and a physiotherapist].

Nutrition plays an important role in metabolic processes in the body. Studying the various parties of metabolic processes in the body in a number of diseases, considered in the framework of the metabolic syndrome, points to the systemic nature of the pathogenic mechanisms, including in addition to food factor sociology-economic, genetic, medical, pathology of the digestive system, etc., leading to a breach of the cell, receptor, enzyme interactions.

[The application of sinusoidal modulated currents for the treatment of biliary sludge in an outpatient clinic].

The objective of the present study was to evaluate therapeutic effects of sinusoidal modulated currents (SMC) applied for the treatment of patients at different stages of biliary sludge (BS) under conditions of an outpatient clinic. Biliary sludge is currently considered to be a precursor of cholelithiasis known to be a leading pathology of the digestive system responsible for the high surgery rate. It was shown that the introduction of the technique based on sinusoidal modulated currents into the clinical practice of an outpatient clinic increases the efficacy of management of the patients presenting with stage 1 and 2 biliary sludge and showing neither well-apparent clinical symptoms nor signs of metabolic disorders that imply the necessity of more thorough examination and combined application of sinusoidal modulated currents and mediacmental therapy.

[Biomarkers of the development and progression of diabetic polyneuropathy]. / Biomarkery razvitiya i progressirovaniya diabeticheskoi polineiropatii.

OBJECTIVE: To study the diagnostic potential of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFA) and their high affinity receptors (TrkB, VEGFR2) in the development and progression of diabetic polyneuropathy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The main group consisted of 65 patients with diabetes mellitus and confirmed DPN. The comparison group included 14 people with diabetes mellitus without DPN. The control group consisted of 15 healthy individuals. Clinical characteristics of DPN were evaluated with VAS, PainDetect, TSS, NSS, NDS scores. The degree of polyneuropathy was verified by electroneuromyography. Serum levels of the growth factors and their receptors were studied using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: Elevated expression of serum BDNF, VEGFA and TrkB was found in patients with DPN, regardless of the presence of symptoms. The severe stage of DPN is characterized by painless form of polyneuropathy, the deficiency of serum BDNF, VEGFA and VEGFR2 and the high serum level of TrkB. The high expression of BDNF affects the intensity of neuropathic pain, the severity of the clinical signs of DPN and is associated with the severity of axonal damage to sensory nerve fibers. The increase in the TrkB level is associated with the painless form of neuropathy and the degree of nerve fiber demyelination. CONCLUSIONS: Enhanced serum expression of BDNF and VEGFA is proposed as a biomarker for the development of DPN, while different concentrations of TrkB and VEGFR2 receptors can be considered as predictors of DPN severity.

[Effect of antioxidant therapy on neurotrophins and processes of rehabilitation after stroke]. / Vliyanie antioksidantnoi terapii na neirotrofiny i protsessy reabilitatsii posle insul'ta.

The aim of the research was to study the effect of the inclusion in the scheme cytoflavin patient care during the recovery period of ischemic stroke in the neuropsychological changes in the status and content of neurotrophins in serum. For this purpose we surveyed 52 patients who underwent a first ischemic stroke (29 women and 23 men) aged 52-74 years. Patients were divided into 2 groups: primary (25 patients) received in addition to basic therapy cytoflavin: intravenously at 20 ml per 400 ml of 5% glucose solution, 1 time a day for 10 days, then into 2 tablets 2 times a day for half an hour before food for a month, and the comparison group (27 patients) who received standard treatment. The control group consisted of 12 healthy people. In addition to standard clinical and laboratory tests were carried out a comprehensive neuropsychological study and evaluation of the data on the scale NIHSS, Bartell, Beck, Spielberger-Hanin, test «frontal dysfunction of the battery¼ and the Mini-Mental State Examination. Furthermore, determination carried neurotrophic factors: nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor brain (BDNF). The study was conducted in the dynamics: before treatment and 2 months after treatment. Patients in the recovery period of the first ischemic stroke revealed moderate manifestations of neuropsychological disorders status and reduction of neurotrophic factors. Inclusion in cytoflavin scheme increased the efficiency of the treatment, which was manifested in a more pronounced when compared with the results of basic therapy, positive dynamics of neurological symptoms and improved cognitive function, accompanied by an increase in BDNF levels. The data on the efficacy and safety allow us to recommend its inclusion in the scheme of treatment of patients in the recovery period after the first carotid ischemic stroke.

[Restriction fragment length polymorphism of the apolipoprotein A-I gene among inhabitants of Novosibirsk]. / Polimorfizm dlin restriktsionnykh fragmentov gena apolipoproteina A-I sredi zhitelei g. Novosibirska.

Restriction fragments' length polymorphism in the region of apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I) gene was investigated in Novosibirsk (Siberia, USSR) population. Correlation between PstI apo A-I alleles (2,2 kb-P1; 3,3 kb-P2) and total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density polyproteins cholesterol, and apolipoprotein A-I level was analysed. A tendency to increase in cholesterol index of atherogenicity and to decrease in high density lipoproteins cholesterol as well as apolipoprotein A-I level was shown to occur for P1P2 genotype patients.

[Features of the dynamics of evoked cerebral electrical activity in psychopathic personalities when the meaning of a stimulus is changed]. / Osobennosti dinamiki vyzvannoi élektroaktivnosti golovnogo mozga u psikhopaticheskikh lichnostei pri izmenenii informativnosti razdrazhitelia.

A correlation of parameteres of evoked activity in psychopathic personalities of an explosive type and in control groups, detected certain differences in the dynamics of separate parameters of evoked potentials in a changed informativeness of the stimula. The physiological interpretation of these data indicates that in psychopathic personalities on the background of increased orientating reactions with prevalence of a general alert condition there is a decreased evaluations of the signal according to its significance. An evaluation of their actions and consideration of the past experience in such patients is also decreased. These disorders are more distinctly expressed in a complicated situation.

[Melanin pigments of the fungi Paecilomyces variotii and Aspergillus carbonarius]. / Melaninovye pigmenty gribov Paecilomyces variotii i Aspergillus carbonarius.

Pigments synthesized by micromycetes Paecilomyces variotii and Aspergillus carbonarius are true melanins. Copper ions and bicyclic phenolic compounds stimulated melaninogenesis, whereas benzotriazole inhibited this process. Precursors of melanin pigments were obtained and identified. p-Hydroxybenzoic acid was shown to be the main product of melanin degradation. Melanins of these fungi are concluded to belong to the dihydronaphthalene group.

[Blood lipoprotein cholesterol and liver hydroxylase activity in ischemic heart disease patients with normal blood lipids]. / Kholesterin lipoproteidov krovi i gidroksilaznaia aktivnost' pecheni u bol'nykh ishemicheskoi bolezn'iu serdtsa s normolipidemiei.

The authors examined specially selected 165 practically healthy males and 373 patients with ischemic heart disease from 20 to 59 years of age. Normolipoproteinemia (total cholesterol (CS) less than or equal to 260 ml/dl, triglycerides (TG) less than or equal to mg/dl, CH of very low density lipoproteins less than or equal to 36 mg/dl, CS of low-density lipoproteins less than or equal to 190 mg/dl) was found in 172 males with ischemic heart disease (46%). The mean content in blood serum of TG and CS of very low density lipoproteins is higher and the concentration of CS of low density lipoproteins is significantly lower in patients than in healthy individuals. Antipyrin half-life in patients is significantly increased, while the amount of bile acids and concentration of CS in bile of individuals with normolipoproteinemia do not differ from the indices in healthy persons. A relationship was shown between the body mass/height index, antipyrin half-life and concentration of CS on low density lipoproteins.

[Serum cholesterol and blood lipoproteins in the newborn infant]. / Kholesterin syvorotki i lipoproteidov krovi u novorozhdennykh.

The cholesterol content in blood serum and lipoprotein fractions was studied in 190 randomly selected and 386 specially selected newborns. There were no immature infants in either group. The content of cholesterol and triglycerides hardly differed in the two groups. Hypercholesterolemia (cholesterol above 118 mg/100 ml) was revealed in 9% of the infants. Analysis of cholesterol distribution in lipoprotein fractions showed no difference between boys and girls in these indices. In 11% of children hypercholesterolemia was accompanied by hypoalphalipoproteinemia. Hyperbetalipoproteinemia (cholesterol of low density lipoproteins above 64 mg/100 ml) was revealed in 7% of infants, in 10 of them in the presence of hypercholesterolemia. Newborns with a combination of hypercholesterolemia and hypoalphalipoproteinemia should evidently be kept under surveillance for many years during which preventive measures are applied.

[Skin cholesterol level and its correlation with the lipid indicators of the blood serum in healthy persons and in patients with ischemic heart disease]. / Soderzhanie kholesterina v kozhe i ego korreliatsiia s lipidnymi pokazateliami syvorotki krovi u zdorovykh liudei i bol'nykh ishemicheskoi bolezn'iu serdtsa.

Skin free and esterified cholesterol in the forearm and serum lipid levels were examined in 42 male coronary patients and 46 normal male subjects. Irrespective of the type of dislipoproteinemia or normolipidemia, total cholesterol and its free fraction appear to be significantly increased in coronary patients, as compared to normal subjects. There were no significant correlations between the examined skin and serum parameters, either in coronary patients, or in the controls. Possible use of skin cholesterol measurement in the diagnosis of lipid disturbances leading to atherosclerosis is discussed.

[Nutrition and levels of risk factors for ischemic heart disease in 30- to 59-year-old men of Novosibirsk and resident newcomers of Chukotka]. / Pitanie i urovni faktorov riska ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa u muzhchin 30--59 let Novosibirska i priezhikh zhitelei Chukotki.

Data on actual diets and major coronary risk factors are presented for residents of a district in Novosibirsk and nonaboriginal residents of Chukotka. Epidemiologic (quantitative assessment of dietary habits, questioning to detect angina of effort), biochemical (assays of plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein cholesterol) and physiologic (arterial BP, height and weight measurements) methods were used. Differences are demonstrated between the diets common for Novosibirsk and nonaboriginal Chukotka residents, which show correlation to differences in the incidence of major coronary risk factors.

[Plasma lipid levels in men aged 30-59 years living in rural areas of the Buriat ASSR (epidemiological study)]. / Soderzhanie lipidov v plazme krovi u muzhchin 30-59 let, prozhivaiushchikh v sel'skoi mestnosti Buriatskoi ASSR (épidemiologicheskoe issledovanie).

A simultaneous epidemiologic survey was carried out in 1985-1986 to assess plasma lipids and lipoproteins in 30-to-59-year-old male rural residents of Buryatia. Comparative characteristics of plasma lipid profiles are presented for the native populations and newcomers to the land. Buryats and other natives were shown to have lower levels of atherogenic lipoproteins (LDLP CS, VLDLP CS) and lipids (CS, TG) and higher levels of antiatherogenic HDLP CS, as compared to the newcomers. Mean LDLP CS levels and the atherogenic index were significantly lower, and HDLP CS levels, significantly higher, in the Buryats, as compared to other natives. Specialized studies may throw light on the causes of these differences.

[The composition of the blood in pups of the Baikal seal Phoca sibirica during forced diving]. / Sostav krovi shchenko baikal'skoi nerpy Phoca sibirica pri prinuditel'nom nyrianii.

A set of parameters, such as pO2, pCO2, the content of glucose, glycogen, lactate, pyruvate, cholesterol, insulin, triglycerides, cAMP in the blood from the venous sinus has been investigated in puppies of Baikal seals during forced diving and rehabilitation. The dynamics of these parameters is presented.

[Level of uric acid in the blood of healthy subjects and ischemic heart disease patients]. / Uroven' mochevoi kisloty v krovi u zdorovykh i bol'nykh ishemicheskoi bolezn'iu serdtsa.

The level of uric acid (UA) was studied in the blood of healthy persons and CHD patients. A total of 428 males aged 40 to 59 were examined. The level of blood UA in CHD patients was much higher than in healthy persons of the same age. The frequency of hyperuricemia among CHD patients was 31%, in the control groups 10-15%. There was a direct correlation of UA levels with concentrations of triglycerides and total blood cholesterol. In CHD patients with atherogenic dyslipoproteinemia the UA concentration was higher than in patients without lipid metabolic derangements. The importance of a raised UA level in CHD development was discussed.

[The life style and indices of the blood lipid composition of elderly subjects]. / Obraz zhizni i pokazateli lipidnogo sostava krovi u liudei starcheskogo vozrasta.

A study was made of the content of total cholesterol (TCh), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides (TG) in 109 persons aged 75-89 years of both sexes depending on tobacco smoking (14 persons), prolonged alcohol abuse (15 persons), and on hypodynamia (30 persons). A positive correlation was obtained between the content of TCh in blood serum and hypodynamia, between the content of TG, alcohol abuse, tobacco smoking and hypodynamia. Meanwhile a negative correlation was established between the content of high density lipoprotein cholesterol and hypodynamia and tobacco smoking.

[An epidemiological study of ischemic heart disease, vascular brain diseases and their risk factors in an open population of 25- to 64-year olds in Novosibirsk]. / Epidemiologicheskoe izuchenie ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa, sosudistykh zabolevanii golovnogo mozga, ikh faktorov riska v otkrytoi populiatsii 25--64 let Novosibirska.

To study the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD), cerebrovascular diseases (CVD), combined pathology (CHD and CVD), and their risk factors such as arterial hypertension (AH), overweight (OW), hypercholesterolemia (HC), and tobacco smoking in the same population, a random representative sample of male and female populations were examined in three districts of Novosibirsk. AH and tobacco smoking were found predominant among men, whereas OW and HC among women. It turned out that almost every fourth person out of the men and almost every second woman suffered from cardiovascular diseases. In the men, the CHD/CVD ratio was 1:1, that in the women, was 1:7. In the men and women, suffering from combined pathology, AH occurred more frequently as compared to those with CHD or CVD alone. OW promoted the development of CVD and combined pathology in women to a greater degree, whereas HC favoured the development of CHD and CVD in men.