[Translation, adaptation and validation in Catalan of a questionnaire about patient safety culture: The MOSPSC (Medical Office Survey on Patient Safety Culture) questionnaire]. / Traducción, adaptación y validación en catalán de un cuestionario sobre cultura de seguridad del paciente: el cuestionario MOSPSC (Medical Office Survey on Patient Safety Culture).

INTRODUCTION: Patient safety is an essential dimension of quality of care and a priority in health policies. The diffusion of the security culture is a key strategy and the questionnaire MOSPSC (Medical Office Survey on Patient Safety Culture), in its English and Spanish versions, has proved to be a good instrument to 'measure it'. The aim of this work is to translate, adapt and validate the questionnaire in Catalan. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Translation, retrotranslation and adaptation of MOSPSC questionnaire of the AHRQ (Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality). Reliability and validity analysis of the adapted questionnaire. RESULTS: It is a simple, well accepted and valued questionnaire, although extensive. Catalan version facilitates more precise comprehension and improves completion. We found small response percentages 'do not apply or do not know' in questions from Section F (At the Center) but notable in some questions referred to specific professional staff. For most items show suitable discrimination rates and both the complete questionnaire and subscales extracted after factor analysis obtain good reliability indexes. CONCLUSIONS: Final version, very similar to original and Spanish adapted, will allow comparisons as well as monitoring/follow-up after implementation of improvement strategies. Due to its length, it could be assessed using only related dimensions.

[Age of smoking initiation as predictor in smoking cessation]. / Edad de inicio en el consumo del tabaco como predictor de la deshabituación tabáquica.

OBJECTIVE: To determinate the relationship between the age of smoking initiation and the success of the smoking cessation program. DESIGN: Prospective cohort. SETTING: Smoking Cessation Unit, in the University Hospital of Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain. PARTICIPANTS: 2801 smokers of 10 or more cigarette per day, who started a smoking cessation program between January 1993 to December 2002. METHODS: Kaplan-Meier method was used to obtain the probability of relapse. The log-rank test was used to determine relapse differences in time between groups of age at smoking initiation. Hazard ratios (HR) of quitting were estimated with a Cox model. RESULTS: The mean age at smoking onset was 15.5+/-4.1 years for men and 17.7+/-5.4 years for women. The age of onset smoking was significant for relapse during smoking cessation in men with a HR=1.42 (95% CI, 1.09-1.86), and for women who started to smoke before 14 years old compared with the reference group a HR=1.25 (95% CI, 0.76-1.49). CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that age of smoking onset predicts higher rates of relapse in a smoking cessation program in men. The low motivation for cessation was in both sex a significative factor for relapse and the low and high nicotine dependence were in women.