Advancing healthcare practice and education via data sharing: demonstrating the utility of open data by training an artificial intelligence model to assess cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills.

Health professional education stands to gain substantially from collective efforts toward building video databases of skill performances in both real and simulated settings. An accessible resource of videos that demonstrate an array of performances - both good and bad-provides an opportunity for interdisciplinary research collaborations that can advance our understanding of movement that reflects technical expertise, support educational tool development, and facilitate assessment practices. In this paper we raise important ethical and legal considerations when building and sharing health professions education data. Collective data sharing may produce new knowledge and tools to support healthcare professional education. We demonstrate the utility of a data-sharing culture by providing and leveraging a database of cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) performances that vary in quality. The CPR skills performance database (collected for the purpose of this research, hosted at UK Data Service's ReShare Repository) contains videos from 40 participants recorded from 6 different angles, allowing for 3D reconstruction for movement analysis. The video footage is accompanied by quality ratings from 2 experts, participants' self-reported confidence and frequency of performing CPR, and the demographics of the participants. From this data, we present an Automatic Clinical Assessment tool for Basic Life Support that uses pose estimation to determine the spatial location of the participant's movements during CPR and a deep learning network that assesses the performance quality.

A guide to pain assessment and management in adults.

Pain is universally experienced and extremely complex, involving the mind as well as the body. It is activated by a variety of stimuli, including biological, physical and psychological. This article seeks to provide a deeper understanding of the physiology of pain and the various classifications used in clinical practice. It also aims to raise awareness of the skills that nurses require for the assessment and management of an individual patient's pain. It explores the tools available to assist with the assessment of pain and provides an introduction to some of the management strategies that can be used to manage pain. Some of the barriers to effective pain assessment and management are also examined.

At a glance: a guide to venepuncture in adults.

This article will provide clinical guidance on carrying out venepuncture on an adult. It will discuss site, equipment selection and aseptic non-touch technique. The aims are to increase knowledge of the anatomical structures associated with venepuncture, demonstrate the clinical procedural technique of venepuncture, and provide an awareness of the dangers and complications of this invasive technique.

A guide to removing surgical staples.

This article provides a comprehensive overview of the wound healing process, emphasising the critical role of surgical staples in primary intention healing. It outlines the four distinct phases of wound healing including haemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and maturation - and discusses the mechanisms by which surgical staples enhance this natural biological process. Special focus is given to the aseptic non-touch technique (ANTT), which is crucial in preventing infections during the staple removal procedure. The article further explores the procedural steps involved in the removal of surgical staples and highlights the holistic aspects of patient care that need to be considered. This includes strategies for effective pain management, ensuring informed consent, and maintaining a sterile environment. By integrating clinical skills with a thorough understanding of wound care, this article aims to improve nursing practices in surgical settings, promoting better patient outcomes and recovery.

A study of factors affecting pass rates of level 5 written assessments for undergraduate adult nursing students.

Nursing programmes were flexible during the COVID-19 pandemic, offering simulation to replace clinical hours and adjusting supervision and assessment. However, second-year students in two modules had lower results despite no changes to the material, team or delivery. OBJECTIVES: A retrospective cohort study was conducted, on second-year adult nursing students who submitted written assignments, to analyse recurring patterns that could explain the failure rate. METHOD: Data were analysed from 265 university students to identify patterns of association in demographics, module results and student engagement indicators. RESULTS: A positive correlation was found between age and assignment results, with older students achieving higher grades. Clustering identified three patterns of student engagement. Students demonstrating engagement with all aspects of the course (30.2%) performed significantly better than those in other clusters (P<0.001). Students with disabled student support recommendations performed notably worse than those without. All sizeable differences were resolved following the return to campus and the implementation of additional writing support. DISCUSSION: Age, cross-medium engagement and preparation were all shown to have an impact on marks. These findings can influence how higher education institutions drive and monitor engagement, as this study suggests that all parts of a blended learning approach are equally important.

A guide to cannulation in adults.

This article provides clinical guidance on performing cannulation on an adult. The site, equipment selection and aseptic non-touch technique will be discussed. The clinical procedural technique of cannulation will be explained and the article will also provide an awareness of the dangers and complications of this invasive technique for both the patient and the health professional.

An overview of the female reproductive system.

This is the first of two articles providing an overview of the female reproductive system. This article looks at the internal organs associated with the female reproductive system, as well as the vulva. The author describes the relevant pathophysiology and provides an outline of disorders associated with these reproductive organs. The role of health professionals in managing and treating these disorders is discussed, and the importance of providing women-centred care highlighted. A case study and care plan is used to illustrate the importance of individualised care, including history taking, assessment of the presenting symptoms, treatment strategies, health education and advice on follow-up actions. A second article will provide an overview of breasts.

A guide to undertaking and understanding blood pressure measurement.

This article aims to provide background information on blood pressure. It outlines the anatomy and physiology associated with the skill of blood pressure measurement, and the varying techniques for taking blood pressure readings, both invasively and non-invasively. It further explains the steps for taking a manual blood pressure and provides top tips for carrying out this procedure in clinical practice.

Care of the surgical patient-part 2: oral anticoagulants.

Part two of this series on the care of the surgical patient introduces readers to some of the additional risks associated with patients who are undergoing surgery and taking oral anticoagulants. It explores the use of vitamin K antagonists and heparin. Some of the management strategies and additional considerations that need to be addressed during the perioperative care continuum will also be discussed.

Care of the surgical patient: part 1.

This article provides clinical guidance on the care of a patient undergoing an elective surgical procedure. It discusses preoperative care and the preparation of the patient. It aims to provide an awareness of the complications associated with perioperative care. Through the use of a patient case study, the authors demonstrate the care required across the full perioperative journey from diagnosis to discharge.

Adult pain assessment and management.

Claire Ford, Lecturer, Adult Nursing, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne ( claire.ford@northumbria.ac.uk ) outlines the skills and tools health professionals use to help patients manage pain.

Hand hygiene and handwashing: key to preventing the transfer of pathogens.

Claire Ford, Lecturer, Adult Nursing ( claire.ford@northumbria.ac.uk ), and Laura J Park, Graduate Tutor, of Northumbria University, describe how to maintain good skin health to reduce the risk of infection.

Venepuncture in adults.

Katy Skarparis, Lecturer, Adult Nursing, Northumbria University ( katy.skarparis@northumbria.ac.uk ) and Claire Ford, Lecturer, Adult Nursing, Northumbria University describe how to select a suitable site and take a blood sample using vacuum collection tubes.

Reporting quality of published reviews of commercial and publicly available mobile health apps (mHealth app reviews): a scoping review protocol.

INTRODUCTION: Reviews of commercial and publicly available smartphone (mobile) health applications (mHealth app reviews) are being undertaken and published. However, there is variation in the conduct and reporting of mHealth app reviews, with no existing reporting guidelines. Building on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we aim to develop the Consensus for APP Review Reporting Items (CAPPRRI) guidance, to support the conduct and reporting of mHealth app reviews. This scoping review of published mHealth app reviews will explore their alignment, deviation, and modification to the PRISMA 2020 items for systematic reviews and identify a list of possible items to include in CAPPRRI. METHOD AND ANALYSIS: We are following the Joanna Briggs Institute approach and Arksey and O'Malley's five-step process. Patient and public contributors, mHealth app review, digital health research and evidence synthesis experts, healthcare professionals and a specialist librarian gave feedback on the methods. We will search SCOPUS, CINAHL Plus, AMED, EMBASE, Medline, APA PsycINFO and the ACM Digital Library for articles reporting mHealth app reviews and use a two-step screening process to identify eligible articles. Information on whether the authors have reported, or how they have modified the PRISMA 2020 items in their reporting, will be extracted. Data extraction will also include the article characteristics, protocol and registration information, review question frameworks used, information about the search and screening process, how apps have been evaluated and evidence of stakeholder engagement. This will be analysed using a content synthesis approach and presented using descriptive statistics and summaries. This protocol is registered on OSF (https://osf.io/5ahjx). ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethical approval is not required. The findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journal publications (shared on our project website and on the EQUATOR Network website where the CAPPRRI guidance has been registered as under development), conference presentations and blog and social media posts in lay language.