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Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disease that significantly impacts individuals and healthcare systems worldwide. However, the exploration of N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-related aging genes in OA pathogenesis remains largely underexplored. This study aimed to elucidate the role of m6A-related aging genes in OA and to develop a robust diagnostic model based on their expression profiles. Leveraging publicly available gene expression datasets, we conducted consensus clustering to categorize OA into distinct subtypes, guided by the expression patterns of m6A-related aging genes. Utilizing XGBoost, a cutting-edge machine learning approach, we identified key diagnostic genes and constructed a predictive model. Our investigation extended to the immune functions of these genes, shedding light on potential therapeutic targets and underlying regulatory mechanisms. Our analysis unveiled specific OA subtypes, each marked by unique expression profiles of m6A-related aging genes. We pinpointed a set of pivotal diagnostic genes, offering potential therapeutic avenues. The developed diagnostic model exhibited exceptional capability in distinguishing OA patients from healthy controls. To corroborate our computational findings, we performed quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analyses on two cell lines: HC-OA (representing adult osteoarthritis cells) and C-28/I2 (representative of normal human chondrocytes). The gene expression patterns observed were consistent with our bioinformatics predictions, further validating our initial results. In conclusion, this study underscores the significance of m6A-related aging genes as promising biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis, as well as potential therapeutic targets in OA. Although these findings are encouraging, further validation and functional analyses are crucial for their clinical application.
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Neoplasias , Osteoartrite , Adulto , Humanos , Adenina , Envelhecimento/genética , Osteoartrite/diagnóstico , Osteoartrite/genéticaRESUMO
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to predict the probability of postoperative pulmonary infection in elderly patients with hip fractures by developing and validating a precise model. METHODS: The clinical data of 1008 elderly hip fracture patients undergoing surgical treatment in Shanghai Tenth Peoples' Hospital were retrospectively selected. A univariate analysis and multivariate regression were used to analyze the independent risk factors for postoperative pulmonary infection in elderly patients with hip fractures. A risk prediction model was established, and a nomogram was drawn. The area under the ROC curve and HosmerâLemeshow test were used to evaluate the predictive effect of the model. RESULTS: The multivariate regression analysis indicated that age > 73, time from fracture to surgery (d) > 4 days, smoking, ASA ≥ III level, COPD, hypoproteinemia, red cell distribution width > 14.8%, mechanical ventilation time > 180 min, and stay in the ICU were independent risk factors for postoperative pulmonary infection in elderly patients. The AUCs of the model were 0.891 and 0.881, 0.843, respectively, in the two verification groups. For the HosmerâLemeshow test, the P values were 0.726 in the modeling group and 0.497 and 0.231 in the verification group (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Overall, this study uncovered different independent risk factors for postoperative pulmonary infection in patients with hip fractures. The nomogram can effectively predict the occurrence of postoperative pulmonary infection.
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Fraturas do Quadril , Pneumonia , Humanos , Idoso , Nomogramas , Estudos Retrospectivos , China , Fraturas do Quadril/cirurgia , Fatores de Risco , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Gluteal muscle contracture (GMC) is a disease characterized by the limited function of the hip joint, knee pain, and abnormal gait. There is a lack of research on the effect of GMC on the hip joint structure to date. This study aims to analyze the association between GMC and the deformity of the hip and pelvis. METHODS: Standing anteroposterior pelvic radiographs of 214 patients (152 with gluteal muscle contracture and 62 without gluteal muscle contracture) were retrospectively collected. Neck-shaft angle, lateral center edge angle, Tönnis angle, femoral head coverage index, acetabular depth, Sacro-femoral-pubic angle, and obturator foramen ratio were respectively measured and included in the following statistical analysis. The collected data were analyzed using logistical regression and multiple linear regression to explore the factors influencing coxa valga and SFP angle. RESULTS: GMC was identified as a common factor significantly associated with coxa valga and increased SFP angle. There is a difference of risk factors in logistic regression for coxa valga between the left and right sides. CONCLUSION: GMC is a significant risk factor for coxa valga and increased SFP angle. Given that GMC can cause coxa valga and likely alter the pelvis's position, GMC should be paid attention to and treated early.
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Contratura , Coxa Valga , Contratura/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Análise Multivariada , Músculos , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
Tendinopathy is a common musculoskeletal disorder with characteristic hypervascularity. The mechanism of angiogenesis in tendinopathy remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the roles of miR-148a-3p in angiogenesis development of tendinopathy. In this study, we demonstrated that miR-148a-3p expression was increased in tendinopathy tissues and positively correlated with CD34 levels which is a specific marker for angiogenesis. We identified Krüppel-like factor 6 (KLF6) as a direct target gene of miR-148a-3p in tenocytes. Furthermore, reduced levels of KLF6 in tendinopathy tissues was showed using qRT-PCR and immunohistochemical analysis, compared with controls. A negative correlation between the levels of KLF6 mRNA and miR-148a-3p was observed. Then, we verified that miR-148a-3p could regulate Tsp-4 expression by targeting KLF6 in tenocyte and was positively correlated with Tsp-4 levels in tendinopathy tissues. In a coculture system of tenocytes with endothelial cells (ECs), we observed that transfection of Lv-miR-148a-3p markedly upregulated EC angiogenesis. In summary, our data establish a novel molecular mechanism by which miR-148a-3p upregulates Tsp-4 expression in tenocytes to promote EC angiogenesis by targeting KLF6, which could be helpful for the treatment of tendinopathy in the future.
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Fator 6 Semelhante a Kruppel/antagonistas & inibidores , MicroRNAs/genética , Neovascularização Patológica/etiologia , Neovascularização Patológica/genética , Tendinopatia/complicações , Tendinopatia/genética , Trombospondinas/genética , Adulto , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Técnicas de Cocultura , Células Endoteliais/metabolismo , Humanos , Fator 6 Semelhante a Kruppel/genética , Fator 6 Semelhante a Kruppel/metabolismo , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neovascularização Patológica/metabolismo , RNA Mensageiro/genética , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Tendinopatia/metabolismo , Tenócitos/metabolismo , Trombospondinas/metabolismoRESUMO
BACKGROUND Experimental studies have reported nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) could impair tendon healing. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether NSAIDs could affect recovery of knee joint function in patients after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. MATERIAL AND METHODS We enrolled 40 patients treated with celecoxib and 40 patients treated with tramadol, who underwent ACL reconstruction from January 2011 to December 2017. Visual analogue scale (VAS) and functional outcomes were collected and evaluated. The follow-up period was 12 months. RESULTS In both groups, all patients obtained pain release after surgery, compared with that before surgery. But no significant differences were observed between the 2 groups in VAS scores. We also did not find any differences between the 2 groups at 1 year of follow-up, in terms of anterior drawer test, Lachman test, side-to-side laxity assessed by KT-2000, IKDC score, Lysholm score, and Tegner scale. However, the celecoxib group showed a reduced incidence of nausea compared to the tramadol group (P=0.048). CONCLUSIONS The use of NSAIDs after ACL reconstruction is relatively safe and could decrease adverse side effects which were caused by opioid drugs.
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Reconstrução do Ligamento Cruzado Anterior/métodos , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/farmacologia , Cicatrização/efeitos dos fármacos , Adulto , Ligamento Cruzado Anterior/cirurgia , Lesões do Ligamento Cruzado Anterior , Artroscopia/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Articulação do Joelho/cirurgia , Masculino , Tendões/cirurgiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Tendon stem cells (TSCs) exhibit a high self-renewal capacity, multi-differentiation potential, and low immunogenicity; thus, these cells might provide a new cell source for tendon repair and regeneration. TSCs are exposed to increased oxidative stress at tendon injury sites; however, how TSCs maintain their stemness under oxidative stress is not clear. METHODS AND RESULTS: In this study, we found that H2O2 treatment increased ROS accumulation in human TSCs (hTSCs) and resulted in loss of self-renewal capacity and stemness, as reflected in reduced colony formation and proliferation, decreased expression of the stemness markers Nanog, Oct-4, NS, and SSEA-4, and impaired differentiation capability. These H2O2-induced damages were prevented by pretreatment with starvation or rapamycin. Pretreatment with starvation or rapamycin prior to H2O2 exposure also led to decreased intracellular and mitochondrial ROS accumulation along with increased autophagic activity, as manifested in increased LC3 cleavage, Beclin-1 expression, and GFP-LC3-labeled autophagosome formation. Autophagy inhibition by 3-MA or CQ, or by shRNA silencing of Agt-7 or Beclin-1 reduced the protective effects of starvation and rapamycin on H2O2-treated hTSCs. CONCLUSION: Thus, the findings of this study suggest that autophagy prevents oxidative stress-induced loss of self-renewal capacity and stemness in hTSCs through suppression of ROS accumulation.
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Autofagia , Autorrenovação Celular , Estresse Oxidativo , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Células-Tronco/patologia , Tendões/patologia , Adulto , Autofagia/efeitos dos fármacos , Diferenciação Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Autorrenovação Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/farmacologia , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Substâncias Protetoras/farmacologia , Sirolimo/farmacologia , Células-Tronco/efeitos dos fármacos , Células-Tronco/metabolismoRESUMO
The role of lncRNAs in pathologies of tendinopathy has not been researched so far, this study aims to identify the role and potent mechanism of lncRNAs in tendinopathy with a bioinformatic analysis. The gene profile of GSE26051 based on the platform of Affymetrix Human Genome U133B Array condensed was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus. A total of 46 specimens (including 23 normal samples and 23 tendinopathy specimens) were available. Compared with the control samples, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of tendinopathy was identified the by packages in R. The selected DEGs were further analysed using bioinformatics methods including co-expression and enrichment analysis to detect the potential role of lncRNAs. A total of 40 different expressed lncRNAs were identified. However, most of the identified lncRNAs have not been researched before. And this study only annotate one of the identified lncRNAs successfully, the LOC100507027 (myoregulin), with the potential role in regulating skeletal muscle tissue development and skeletal muscle organ development.
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Perfilação da Expressão Gênica/métodos , Análise de Sequência com Séries de Oligonucleotídeos , RNA Longo não Codificante/genética , Tendinopatia/genética , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Biologia Computacional , Bases de Dados Genéticas , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Redes Reguladoras de Genes , Estudos de Associação Genética , Marcadores Genéticos , Humanos , Tendinopatia/diagnósticoRESUMO
PURPOSE: Tenotomy and tenodesis are both effective for the treatment of long head biceps lesions. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of the two procedures in patients older than 55 years of age affected by reparable rotator cuff tears with concomitant long head biceps pathologies. METHODS: Patients older than 55 years of age with long head biceps lesions and reparable rotator cuff tears were selected for this study. A total of 151 patients were randomly assigned to the tenotomy group (77 patients) or the tenodesis group (74 patients). Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair was performed in all the patients. Before surgery, physical and radiological examinations were performed; the constant score was measured as well. After the operation, the surgical time, cost, pain (VAS scores), Popeye sign, cramping pain, constant scores, satisfaction level and the elbow flexion and forearm supination strength indices were recorded. RESULTS: Patients were followed for an average of 24 months. No significant differences in the clinical results for the constant scores, the forearm supination and elbow flexion strength indices, Popeye sign, cramping pain and satisfaction level were found between the groups. However, tenotomy required a shorter surgical time (40.4 ± 4.0 vs. 50.4 ± 5.9 min, P < 0.001) and resulted in faster pain relief (3.1 ± 1.8 vs. 4.8 ± 1.9, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Both tenotomy and tenodesis are effective and equal for the treatment of long head biceps lesions. However, because tenotomy requires a shorter surgical time and results in faster pain relief, tenotomy may be more suitable for the treatment of long head biceps lesions in patients older than 55 years of age with reparable rotator cuff tears. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic studies, Level I.
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Músculo Esquelético/cirurgia , Manguito Rotador/cirurgia , Tenodese , Tenotomia , Idoso , Artroscopia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Músculo Esquelético/lesões , Duração da Cirurgia , Cuidados Pós-Operatórios , Estudos Prospectivos , Lesões do Manguito Rotador , Ruptura/cirurgia , Escala Visual AnalógicaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Weight is an influential factor in knee osteoarthritis (KOA). However, the effect of abnormal body weight on chitosan's efficacy in treating KOA is unclear. This study aimed to explore the differences in the effectiveness of arthroscopic surgery combined with intra-articular chitosan injection for KOA in patients with abnormal body weight. METHODS: Patients with stage II-III KOA (Kellgren-Lawrence rating, K-L) undergoing arthroscopic surgery were recruited for this clinical study from January 2020 to September 2021. Based on body mass index (BMI) and intra-articular chitosan injection, patients with KOA undergoing arthroscopic surgery (138 patients) were divided into four groups: low-weight-non-injection (Lw-N, BMI <18.5); low-weight-chitosan injection (Lw-CS, BMI <18.5); overweight-non-injection (Ow-N, BMI ≥25); overweight-chitosan injection (Ow-CS, BMI ≥25). A 2-year follow-up was conducted to evaluate various indicators, including the visual analogue scale (VAS) and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index score (WOMAC). Statistical analyses were performed using relevant parametric or non-parametric tests. RESULTS: In total, 138 patients with KOA were included in this study. There were no significant differences in gender, age, and incidence of chronic residual pain after arthroscopy among the four groups (p > 0.05). The proportion of patients undergoing subsequent knee arthroplasty during the 2-year follow-up period was significantly higher in the Ow-CS group (20/35) than in the Lw-CS group (12/39) (p < 0.05). The K-L rating showed an overall increasing trend over time, with the K-L rating in the Ow-N and Ow-CS groups significantly higher than that in the Lw-CS group at the final follow-up (p < 0.05). VAS and WOMAC scores significantly decreased at 1 and 3 months post-arthroscopy and then increased. One month after arthroscopy, VAS was significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the intra-articular chitosan injection groups (Lw-CS and Ow-CS) compared with the non-injection groups (Lw-N and Ow-N). VAS was lower in the Ow-CS group than in the Lw-CS group (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in WOMAC between the intra-articular chitosan injection and non-injection groups at each time point (Lw-N vs. Lw-CS, Ow-N vs. Ow-CS, p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Arthroscopic surgery combined with intra-articular chitosan injection shows short-term positive effects in treating KOA. Intra-articular chitosan injection appears to have a greater short-term pain relief effect in obese patients.
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Artroscopia , Quitosana , Osteoartrite do Joelho , Humanos , Quitosana/administração & dosagem , Osteoartrite do Joelho/cirurgia , Artroscopia/métodos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Injeções Intra-Articulares , Idoso , Medição da Dor , Índice de Massa Corporal , Terapia CombinadaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the clinical efficacy of intra-articular injections of medical chitosan for treating knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and measure the lipid metabolism profiles of the synovial tissue. METHODS: 60 patients with KOA undergoing conservative treatment were recruited and randomized into two groups: one without pharmacological intervention (OA group) and the other receiving course-based intra-articular medical chitosan injections (CSI group). Quantitative lipidomic profile of synovial tissue was analyzed. Functional scores, including Kellgren-Lawrence rating (K-L), VAS, WOMAC scoring, and AKS scoring were conducted. RESULTS: Survival from the initial conservative treatment to final knee arthroplasty was significantly longer in the CSI group compared to the OA group. Except for the pre-surgery VAS score, no statistically significant differences were observed in the other scores, including K-L, initial VAS, WOMAC, and AKS. However, the CSI group experienced a slightly more pronounced decline in AKS-Knee subscores compared to the OA group. Compared to the CSI group, the OA group exhibited a significant upregulation in most differential lipids, particularly triacylglycerides (TAGs, 77%). The OA group had notably higher levels of long-chain unsaturated fatty acids. CONCLUSION: Intra-articular injection of medical chitosan significantly prolongs the survival period before knee arthroplasty and reduces the deposition of TAGs metabolites.
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Background: Total knee arthroplasty is currently a reliable treatment for end-stage knee osteoarthritis. However, chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) is substantially thought to reduce patient satisfaction. NSAID-based oral analgesics were used to manage CPSP, but research on the duration of postoperative analgesic use (DAU) and prolonged analgesic use (PAU) are presently scarce. Methods: Preoperative, perioperative, and one-year or above postoperative follow-up data were collected from 162 patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty between 1 June 2018 and 1 March 2019, and the DAU and the discontinuation time of each patient after discharge were recorded. Observational statistical analysis, diagnostic test, and predictive nomogram construction were performed on the collected data. Results: The 3-month DAU has good diagnostic utility for poor outcome of postoperative months twelve (POM12). The constructed nomogram shows that gender, preoperative Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) movement pain scores, duration of surgery, postoperative days three (POD3) moderate to severe movement pain, and POD3 pain rescue medication were significant prognostic predictors of PAU after discharge. The area under the curve (AUC) of the 3-month, 6-month, and 12-month nomogram receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were calculated to be 0.741, 0.736, and 0.781. Conclusion: PAU was defined as more than three months of NSAID-based oral analgesic use after TKA. Prognostic predictors of PAU after TKA were identified, and visualized nomogram was plotted and evaluated. The evaluation indicated that the prediction model had the good predictive ability and was a valuable tool for predicting PAU after discharge.
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BACKGROUND: Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a multifactorial disease, and agnogenic ONFH, otherwise known as idiopathic ONFH, is rare in clinic. Idiopathic ONFH that exhibits severe necrosis and progresses extremely rapidly is called rapidly destructive hip disease (RDHD). RDHD greatly affects patients but is rarely reported in clinical practice and literature. CASE PRESENTATION: In this study, a 64-year-old male patient with complete collapse and necrosis of the right femoral head complicated with severe bone destruction at 10 months after left total hip arthroplasty (THA) was reported. The period from the intact structure of the right femoral head to the first discovery of its complete collapse, according to imaging results, was 7 months. The duration from the occurrence of symptoms in the right hip joint to the first discovery of complete collapse and necrosis of the femoral head was only 5 months. At present, the cause has not been determined based on medical history, symptoms, signs, imaging evaluation results, laboratory examination results, and pathological examination results, though it has been identified as severe idiopathic aseptic necrosis of the femoral head with rapid progression, or RDHD. Finally, right THA was performed, and a good outcome was observed in the patient at present. CONCLUSIONS: As a rare hip joint disease, RDHD greatly influences the normal life of patients. RDHD of the contralateral side after unilateral THA is even scarcer. Left THA may be one of the important factors accelerating the necrosis of the right femoral head. Hopefully, with this case report, more attention will be paid to the contralateral hip joint in patients undergoing unilateral THA by clinicians and rehabilitation physicians, and a clinical reference will be provided for the research on RDHD.
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Artroplastia de Quadril , Necrose da Cabeça do Fêmur , Osteoartrite do Quadril , Artroplastia de Quadril/métodos , Cabeça do Fêmur/cirurgia , Necrose da Cabeça do Fêmur/diagnóstico por imagem , Necrose da Cabeça do Fêmur/etiologia , Necrose da Cabeça do Fêmur/cirurgia , Articulação do Quadril/diagnóstico por imagem , Articulação do Quadril/cirurgia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Osteoartrite do Quadril/cirurgia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the correlation between the Alarmin S100A9 protein and Achilles tendinopathy (AT), and to reveal the role of this protein in inducing AT. METHODS: In this study, 40 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: Control group (received no treatment), Injury group (Achilles tendon tissues were cut intraoperatively), S100A9 group (received a subcutaneous injection of rhS100A9 solution), and S100A9 + Paquinimod group [received a subcutaneous injection of rhS100A9 and Paquinimod (1:1 ratio) into the Achilles tendon]. At 1 week postoperatively, the four groups of rats were euthanized, and the Achilles tendon tissues were isolated for histological staining, immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunofluorescence, Sirius Red (SR) staining, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling assay. RESULTS: Compared with both the Control and S100A9 + Paquinimod groups, the Injury and S100A9 groups exhibited higher expression levels of S100A9 protein, matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), and inflammatory factors. Regarding histomorphology [hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and Safranin O/fast green (SOFG; fast green and Safranin) training], the Achilles tendon tissues in the Injury and S100A9 groups showed AT-like changes, and the fibers were extremely disorderly, non-bundled, and ruptured, and some nuclei were spindles. As for collagen (Col) remodeling, a large number of fresh collagen fibers had formed, the amounts of Col-I and Col-II were lower, and a large quantity of Col-III was present. Additionally, a large number of tendon cells had died in both the Injury and S100A9 groups. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that Alarmin S100A9 can induce AT-like morphological changes and local inflammatory reactions, trigger collagen fiber remodeling and tendon cell apoptosis, and ultimately induce AT.
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BACKGROUND: Severe peripheral nerve injury leads to skeletal muscle atrophy and impaired limb function that is not sufficiently improved by existing treatments. Fibroblast growth factor 6 (FGF6) is involved in tissue regeneration and is dysregulated in denervated rat muscles. However, the way that FGF6 affects skeletal muscle repair after peripheral nerve injury has not been fully elucidated. METHODS: In this study, we investigated the role of FGF6 in the regeneration of denervated muscles using myoblast cells and an in vivo model of peripheral nerve injury. RESULTS: FGF6 promoted the viability and migration of C2C12 and primary myoblasts in a dose-dependent manner through FGFR1-mediated upregulation of cyclin D1. Low concentrations of FGF6 promoted myoblast differentiation through FGFR4-mediated activation of ERK1/2, which upregulated expression of MyHC, MyoD, and myogenin. FGFR-1, FGFR4, MyoD, and myogenin were not upregulated when FGF6 expression was inhibited in myoblasts by shRNA-mediated knockdown. Injection of FGF6 into denervated rat muscles enhanced the MyHC-IIb muscle fiber phenotype and prevented muscular atrophy. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that FGF6 reduces skeletal muscle atrophy by relying on the ERK1/2 mechanism and enhances the conversion of slow muscle to fast muscle fibers, thereby promoting functional recovery of regenerated skeletal muscle after innervation.
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Fator 6 de Crescimento de Fibroblastos/genética , Proteína Quinase 1 Ativada por Mitógeno/genética , Proteína Quinase 3 Ativada por Mitógeno/genética , Músculo Esquelético/metabolismo , Traumatismos dos Nervos Periféricos/genética , Receptor Tipo 1 de Fator de Crescimento de Fibroblastos/genética , Regeneração/genética , Animais , Diferenciação Celular , Linhagem Celular , Movimento Celular , Proliferação de Células , Ciclina D1/genética , Ciclina D1/metabolismo , Fator 6 de Crescimento de Fibroblastos/antagonistas & inibidores , Fator 6 de Crescimento de Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Masculino , Proteína Quinase 1 Ativada por Mitógeno/metabolismo , Proteína Quinase 3 Ativada por Mitógeno/metabolismo , Denervação Muscular/métodos , Músculo Esquelético/inervação , Músculo Esquelético/patologia , Proteína MyoD/genética , Proteína MyoD/metabolismo , Mioblastos/metabolismo , Mioblastos/patologia , Miogenina/genética , Miogenina/metabolismo , Cadeias Pesadas de Miosina/genética , Cadeias Pesadas de Miosina/metabolismo , Traumatismos dos Nervos Periféricos/metabolismo , Traumatismos dos Nervos Periféricos/patologia , Cultura Primária de Células , RNA Interferente Pequeno/genética , RNA Interferente Pequeno/metabolismo , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Receptor Tipo 1 de Fator de Crescimento de Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Receptor Tipo 4 de Fator de Crescimento de Fibroblastos/genética , Receptor Tipo 4 de Fator de Crescimento de Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Nervo Isquiático/lesõesRESUMO
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Shikimate dehydrogenase (SDH) catalyzes the reversible, NADPH-dependent reduction of 3-dehydroshikimate to shikimate, involved in the shikimate pathway. This pathway has emerged as an important target for the development of antimicrobial agent. Structural and functional analyses suggest that the conserved Lys69 plays an important role in the catalytic activity of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) SDH. However, the detailed mechanism how mutation of Lys69 affects the catalytic activity of H. pylori SDH remains unclear. Here, two-layered ONIOM-based quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) calculation and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed to explore the role of Lys69 in the H. pylori SDH. Our results showed that in addition to act as a catalytic base, the conserved Lys69 plays an additional, important role in the maintenance of the substrate shikimate in the active site, facilitating the catalytic reaction between the cofactor NADP+ and shikimate. Mutation of Lys69 triggers the movement of shikimate away from the active site of SDH, thereby disrupting the catalytic activity. This result can advance our understanding the catalytic mechanism of SDH family, which may benefit of the rational design of SDH inhibitors.
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Oxirredutases do Álcool/metabolismo , Helicobacter pylori/enzimologia , Lisina/metabolismo , Simulação de Dinâmica Molecular , Teoria Quântica , Biocatálise , Lisina/química , Lisina/genéticaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Intraneural ganglion (IG) cysts have been considered curiosities and their pathogenesis remains controversial. OBJECTIVE: To clarify ulnar nerve at the elbow (UNE) pathogenesis and long-term surgical outcomes by presenting 9 rare cases of IG of the UNE. METHODS: Surgical treatment of IG was performed. Clinical symptoms, physical examinations, and electromyogram were evaluated pre- and postoperatively. At least 4 yr of follow-up was performed. RESULTS: The Tinel's sign became negative and local elbow pain disappeared in all 9 patients after surgery, and the average visual analog scale/score dropped from 4.9 (3-8) to 0 (0-0) after 6.2 d (2-10) on average. Two patients retained positive Froment test, "claw hand" and paresthesias with the 2-point discrimination much different from the contralateral little finger. Postoperative the UK Medical Research Council muscle strength score (MRC) grades of the flexor carpi ulnaris and the flexor digitorum profundus muscle of the fourth and fifth digits recovered to M4-M5 from M0-M2 in all 9 patients. The postoperative MRC grades of the third to fourth lumbrical muscles, the interossei, and the hypothenar recovered to M3-M5 from M0-M2 in 7 patients. Cystic articular branch (CAB) was found in all 9 patients intraoperatively. No symptomatic recurrence of IG was seen. The mean motor nerve conduction velocity of ulnar nerve across the elbow recovered from 5.3 to 41.2 m/s. CONCLUSION: A unifying articular theory is responsible for the pathogenesis of IG of UNE and disconnection of the CAB would prevent recurrence. The long-term outcome is good after surgical treatment of IG of UNE.
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Articulação do Cotovelo/cirurgia , Cistos Glanglionares/cirurgia , Nervo Ulnar/cirurgia , Adulto , Articulação do Cotovelo/diagnóstico por imagem , Articulação do Cotovelo/fisiologia , Eletromiografia/métodos , Feminino , Seguimentos , Cistos Glanglionares/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Força Muscular/fisiologia , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Nervo Ulnar/diagnóstico por imagem , Nervo Ulnar/fisiologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Gluteal muscle contracture (GMC) is a notable problem in some developing countries and includes features such as a snapping sound of the hip, abnormal gait, and unusual posture when patients squat with the knees together. Arthroscopic release can not only resolve symptoms, as previously reported, but can also greatly improve accompanying patellofemoral instability. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of arthroscopic release of GMC on patellofemoral instability and its underlying mechanism. METHODS: A total of nearly 500 patients who underwent arthroscopic release of GMC over 2.5 years were filtered, and 54 patients were enrolled in the study. The selected research subjects all had combined patellofemoral instability preoperatively. The Lysholm scores and CT scans of the knee were evaluated pre- and postoperatively. RESULTS: The mean follow-up time was 12.2 months. All of the surveyed patients had satisfactory clinical outcomes for hip snapping sounds and abnormal gait. In addition, a significant difference (p < 0.05) was observed between pre- and postoperative Lysholm scores, along with significant knee pain relief. Furthermore, the changes in CT scan parameters were significant as well. The average patellar tilt angle (PTA), patellofemoral index (PFI), and lateral patellar displacement (LPD) were obviously decreased (p < 0.05) after the release. Conversely, the mean lateral patellofemoral angle (LPFA) showed a clear difference (p < 0.05) between preoperative and postoperative CT examinations. CONCLUSIONS: Arthroscopic release of GMC can reduce the tilt and lateral shift of the patella and enhance its stability due to the release of the iliotibial band.
Assuntos
Artroscopia/métodos , Contratura/cirurgia , Instabilidade Articular/cirurgia , Músculo Esquelético/cirurgia , Articulação Patelofemoral/cirurgia , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , Nádegas/diagnóstico por imagem , Nádegas/cirurgia , Contratura/diagnóstico por imagem , Feminino , Humanos , Instabilidade Articular/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Músculo Esquelético/diagnóstico por imagem , Articulação Patelofemoral/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The comparison of clinical outcomes of arthroscopic footprint-preserving knotless single-row repair with the tear completion repair technique for articular-sided partial-thickness rotator cuff tears (PTRCTs) remains unclear. METHODS: A total of 68 patients diagnosed with articular-sided PTRCTs who underwent rotator cuff repair between December 2014 and June 2015 were included. Of the 68 patients, 30 received footprint-preserving knotless single-row repair (group 1) and 38 received the tear completion repair technique (group 2). Preoperative and postoperative assessments were compared. RESULTS: Both groups had significantly improved American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) scores (group 1: 48.2 preoperatively to 81.9 postoperatively, p < 0.001; group 2: 47.1 preoperatively to 84.9 postoperatively, p < 0.001) and visual analog scale (VAS) pain score (group 1: 6.0 preoperatively to 0.93 postoperatively, p < 0.001; group 2: 6.1 preoperatively to 1.1 postoperatively, p < 0.001), showing that the two procedures significantly improved postoperative shoulder function. No significant differences were shown in ASES score or VAS pain score between the two groups ( p > 0.05). The mean operation time was significantly shorter in group 1 with an average of 48.1 min than in group 2 with an average of 60.4 min ( p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Footprint-preserving knotless single-row repair obtains similar clinical results compared to tear completion repair in the treatment of articular-sided PTRCTs. Footprint-preserving knotless single-row repair may be a convenient choice for the treatment of articular-sided PTRCTs. Randomized controlled studies are needed to investigate whether the footprint-preserving knotless single-row repair yields better long-term outcomes through the protection of the bursal cuff and restoration of the healthy footprint.
Assuntos
Artroscopia/métodos , Lesões do Manguito Rotador/cirurgia , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Duração da Cirurgia , Amplitude de Movimento Articular , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica , Estudos Retrospectivos , Lesões do Manguito Rotador/diagnóstico por imagem , Lesões do Manguito Rotador/fisiopatologia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Studies have reported on the arthroscopic technique for release of external snapping hip syndrome. However, no study with large sample size has been reported for arthroscopic surgery. METHODS: Patients with 229 bilateral and 19 unilateral external snapping hips were treated from January 2012 to June 2013. After locating the contracture position, arthroscopic surgery was performed accordingly. Preoperative and postoperative angles were compared. RESULTS: Comparing range of motion, all patients obtained higher adduction and flexion angles. At postoperative follow-up of 24 months, the adduction angle was improved from -14.4 ± 5.14 to 35.7 ± 4.21 for type I, from -31.2 ± 5.22 to 31.7 ± 2.84 for type II, from -49.0 ± 3.47 to 21.6 ± 3.43 for type III, and from -64.5 ± 4.65 to 18.3 ± 3.10 for type IV (P < 0.001). Similarly, the flexion angle was also significantly improved for all the four types (P < 0.001). Excellent ratio and satisfaction rate were good in types I and II. All the clinical features were cured after arthroscopic surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Arthroscopic surgery could be an effective procedure for external snapping hip, due to less operating time, small scar, fast postoperative recovery, and complete contracture release.