Recent Advances on Immune Targeted Therapy of Colorectal Cancer Using bi-Specific Antibodies and Therapeutic Vaccines.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a universal heterogeneous disease that is characterized by genetic and epigenetic alterations. Immunotherapy using monoclonal antibodies (mAb) and cancer vaccines are substitute strategies for CRC treatment. When cancer immunotherapy is combined with chemotherapy, surgery, and radiotherapy, the CRC treatment would become excessively efficient. One of the compelling immunotherapy approaches to increase the efficiency of CRC therapy is the deployment of therapeutic mAbs, nanobodies, bi-specific antibodies and cancer vaccines, which improve clinical outcomes in patients. Also, among the possible therapeutic approaches for CRC patients, gene vaccines in combination with antibodies are recently introduced as a new perspective. Here, we aimed to present the current progress in CRC immunotherapy, especially using Bi-specific antibodies and dendritic cells mRNA vaccines. For this aim, all data were extracted from Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Elsevier, using keywords cancer vaccines; CRC immunotherapy and CRC mRNA vaccines. About 97 articles were selected and investigated completely based on the latest developments and novelties on bi-specific antibodies, mRNA vaccines, nanobodies, and MGD007.

University of Wisconsin vs normal saline solutions for preservation of blood vessels of brain dead donors: A histopathological study.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the cellular changes of harvested arteries which were preserved in normal saline (NS) and the standard and routinely used University of Wisconsin (UW) solution. METHODS: This experimental study was conducted on 20 brain dead patients. The femoral and iliac arteries were bilaterally removed and were placed in NS and UW solutions. The vascular change indices including endothelial detachment (ED), medial detachment (MD), and internal elastic membrane disruption (IEMD) were surveyed for each preserver in the first, 5th, 10th, and 21st day. RESULTS: The mean age of the included patients was 32.28 ± 8.88 years, and there were 13 (65.0%) men and 7 (35.0%) women among the patients. The NS and UW preservation solutions were comparable regarding the indices of vascular changes at first, 5th, and 10th day of the study. Only in 21st day of the study, there was a significant difference between 2 group regarding MD changes (P = .049). CONCLUSION: The results of this in vitro study demonstrated that NS can be used as a worthy preserver for harvested vessels for up to 21 days, especially in resource-limited transplantation centers.

Perforated Meckel's Diverticulum in a 3-day-old Neonate; A Case Report.

Perforation of Meckel's diverticulum is a rare complication in neonatal period. A 3-dayold term male neonate was transferred to our emergency room due to bowel perforation. Surgical exploration was done and perforated Meckel's diverticulum was detected. Pathological report of the tissue showed inflamed diverticulum with heterotopic gastric mucosa. This is the first report of Meckel's diverticulum perforation in a neonate in our country.

Traumatic Aneurysm of Innominate Artery Resulting in Tracheal Stenosis and Rapidly Progressive Respiratory Failure; A Case Report and Literature Review.

Traumatic injuries to great vessels are relative common in trauma practice. Blunt thoracic trauma may result in dissection injury to aorta and innominate artery. We herein present a late presentation of traumatic innominate artery aneurysm. A29-year-old woman presented with dyspnea to our emergency department. She had previous motor-vehicle accident a month before presentation for which had undergone chest tube insertion. She was diagnosed to have traumatic aneurysm of innominate artery resulting in tracheal stenosis resulting in acute life threatening respiratory failure. She underwent simultaneous aneurysm resection and tracheal reconstruction. She was uneventfully discharged from hospital. Any post-traumatic respiratory and cardiovascular symptoms may propound an undiagnosed serious injury to the great vessels. Extra and repetitive imaging studies may help us in better evaluation of traumatized patients with high energy mechanisms and sharp injuries to chest and neck.