Extensive folliculitis and abscesses with a sporotrichoid distribution in a parenteral drug user.

We present the case of a 53-year-old Caucasian man with a history of intravenous drug use who presented with fever and multiple pustules predominantly affecting hairy areas of the body, with no clinical improvement despite previous antibiotic treatment. Culture of the pustules confirmed Candida albicans infection and histological examination of skin biopsies revealed suppurative granulomas compatible with candidomycetic folliculitis. The patient was successfully treated with systemic antifungals and discharged with resolution of symptoms. Candidomycetic folliculitis is a condition typically associated with brown heroin consumption due to the use of acidic solvent that promotes Candida growth. Clinical manifestations include fever followed by skin lesions, with possible systemic involvement if untreated. Extensive folliculitis with associated fever in an IVDU should raise suspicion of this pathology since early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial to prevent complications.

Effect of intravenous pulses of methylprednisolone 250 mg versus dexamethasone 6 mg in hospitalised adults with severe COVID-19 pneumonia: An open-label randomised trial.

BACKGROUND: The efficacy and safety of high versus medium doses of glucocorticoids for the treatment of patients with COVID-19 has shown mixed outcomes in controlled trials and observational studies. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of methylprednisolone 250 mg bolus versus dexamethasone 6 mg in patients with severe COVID-19. METHODS: A randomised, open-label, controlled trial was conducted between February and August 2021 at four hospitals in Spain. The trial was suspended after the first interim analysis since the investigators considered that continuing the trial would be futile. Patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive dexamethasone 6 mg once daily for up to 10 days or methylprednisolone 250 mg once daily for 3 days. RESULTS: Of the 128 randomised patients, 125 were analysed (mean age 60 ± 17 years; 82 males [66%]). Mortality at 28 days was 4.8% in the 250 mg methylprednisolone group versus 4.8% in the 6 mg dexamethasone group (absolute risk difference, 0.1% [95% CI, -8.8 to 9.1%]; p = 0.98). None of the secondary outcomes (admission to the intensive care unit, non-invasive respiratory or high-flow oxygen support, additional immunosuppressive drugs, or length of stay), or prespecified sensitivity analyses were statistically significant. Hyperglycaemia was more frequent in the methylprednisolone group at 27.0 versus 8.1% (absolute risk difference, -18.9% [95% CI, -31.8 to - 5.6%]; p = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS: Among severe but not critical patients with COVID-19, 250 mg/d for 3 days of methylprednisolone compared with 6 mg/d for 10 days of dexamethasone did not result in a decrease in mortality or intubation.

Nonketotic hyperglycinemia presenting as pulmonary hypertensive vascular disease and fatal pulmonary edema in response to pulmonary vasodilator therapy.

The association of pulmonary hypertensive vascular disease with nonketotic hyperglycinemia is rare. We describe 5 infants diagnosed with nonketotic hyperglycinemia, in whom pulmonary hypertensive vascular disease was the main presenting feature, and who developed severe pulmonary edema in response to pulmonary vasodilators.

Consensus Delphi study on guidelines for the assessment of anterior cruciate ligament injuries in children.

BACKGROUND: Knee examination guidelines in minors are intended to aid decision-making in the management of knee instability. CLINICAL QUESTION: A Delphi study was conducted with a formal consensus process using a validated methodology with sufficient scientific evidence. A group consensus meeting was held to develop recommendations and practical guidelines for use in the assessment of instability injuries in children. KEY FINDINGS: there is a lack of evidence to analyse anterior cruciate ligament injuries in children and their subsequent surgical management if necessary. Diagnostic guidelines and clinical assessment of the patient based on a thorough examination of the knee are performed and a guide to anterior cruciate ligament exploration in children is developed. CLINICAL APPLICATION: In the absence of a strong evidence base, these established guidelines are intended to assist in that decision-making process to help the clinician decide on the most optimal treatment with the aim of benefiting the patient as much as possible. Following this expert consensus, surgical treatment is advised when the patient has a subjective sensation of instability accompanied by a pivot shift test ++, and may include an anterior drawer test + and a Lachman test +. If these conditions are not present, the conservative approach should be chosen, as the anatomical and functional development of children, together with a physiotherapy programme, may improve the evolution of the injury.

Low molecular weight heparin is useful in adult COVID-19 inpatients. Experience during the first Spanish wave: observational study.

BACKGROUND: The intensity of the thromboprophylaxis needed as a potential factor for preventing inpatient mortality due to coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To explore the association between anticoagulation intensity and COVID-19 survival. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective observational study in a tertiary-level hospital in Spain. METHODS: Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) status was ascertained based on prescription at admission. To control for immortal time bias, anticoagulant use was analyzed as a time-dependent variable. RESULTS: 690 patients were included (median age, 72 years). LMWH was administered to 615 patients, starting from hospital admission (89.1%). 410 (66.7%) received prophylactic-dose LMWH; 120 (19.5%), therapeutic-dose LMWH; and another 85 (13.8%) who presented respiratory failure, high D-dimer levels (> 3 mg/l) and non-worsening of inflammation markers received prophylaxis of intermediate-dose LMWH. The overall inpatient-mortality rate was 38.5%. The anticoagulant nonuser group presented higher mortality risk than each of the following groups: any LMWH users (HR 2.1; 95% CI: 1.40-3.15); the prophylactic-dose heparin group (HR 2.39; 95% CI, 1.57-3.64); and the users of heparin dose according to biomarkers (HR 6.52; 95% CI, 2.95-14.41). 3.4% of the patients experienced major hemorrhage. 2.8% of the patients developed an episode of thromboembolism. CONCLUSIONS: This observational study showed that LMWH administered at the time of admission was associated with lower mortality among unselected adult COVID-19 inpatients. The magnitude of the benefit may have been greatest for the intermediate-dose subgroup. Randomized controlled trials to assess the benefit of heparin within different therapeutic regimes for COVID-19 patients are required.

Use of noninvasive ventilation on internal wards for elderly patients with limitations to respiratory care: a cohort study.

BACKGROUND: The use of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) outside the intensive wards has been evaluated in patients with no limitation on life-sustaining support. Our aim was to evaluate its usefulness in general wards for patients with NPPV as the ceiling of ventilator care when admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) has been withheld. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation was used in 44 patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF) and limitations to respiratory care- 22 with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations and 22 with acute cardiogenic pulmonary oedema (CPE). Survival at hospital discharge, and survival and readmission rate at 12 months were assessed. RESULTS: Sixty-three per cent of COPD and 55% of CPE patients survived hospital discharge; and 50% and 37% respectively, were alive after 1 year. The cause of the in-hospital mortality was related to the admission diagnosis in 88% of cases. Cancer in COPD patients [P = 0·040, odds ratio (OR) = 15, 95% CI = 1·14-198] and the completion of NPPV treatment in both diseases (P = 0·008, OR = 0·03, 95% CI = 0·00-0·39 for COPD and P = 0·010, OR = 0·04, 95% CI = 0·00-0·45 for CPE) were related to in-hospital mortality. Fifty-six per cent of COPD and 33% of CPE patients that survived hospital admission were readmitted. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that the use of NPPV in general wards could be a safe and effective option, as a last choice treatment, in patients with NPPV as the ceiling of ventilator care when admission to ICU has been withheld.

Proposal for a Clinical Analysis of Patellar Tendon Pathologies: In Search of Efficient Therapeutic Indications.

Development and advances in our understanding of basic sciences such as anatomy, biochemistry, histology, and biomechanics have led to a better knowledge of tendon injuries. Likewise, technological advances in available therapies have conditioned the rise of new therapeutic techniques, turning both diagnosis and therapeutic indications into the foundation of treatment for patellar tendon disorders. Furthermore, we often find no correlation between patellar tendon function and structure, as studied and diagnosed from images taken and referred symptoms. This statement proposes an analytic procedure that ensures a specific therapeutic goal instead of applying a specific drug or therapeutic technique, with the aim of establishing parameters that define the kind of tendinopathy clinicians see, taking into account all conditioning factors that may affect a patellar tendinopathy. These include etiological factors, systemic illnesses affecting tendons, local mechanical causes and clinical presentation, range of clinical presentations, symptom persistence, and pain location, as well as those factors described by echography, with or without the presence of neoangiogenesis and location of the pathology, and magnetic resonance imaging. Diagnosing patellar tendinopathies requires deployment of a complex and thorough assessment process for each individual case and should include all variables that basic sciences have provided. Once a diagnosis has been made, a therapeutic strategy that includes all existing variables should be established. The more precise a diagnosis is, the more selective the treatment options become.

Polymorphisms cyclooxygenase-2 -765G>C and interleukin-6 -174G>C are associated with serum inflammation markers in a high cardiovascular risk population and do not modify the response to a Mediterranean diet supplemented with virgin olive oil or nuts.

Inflammation is involved in cardiovascular diseases. Some studies have found that the Mediterranean diet (MD) can reduce serum concentrations of inflammation markers. However, none of these studies have analyzed the influence of genetic variability in such a response. Our objective was to study the effect of the -765G>C polymorphism in the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) gene and the -174G>C polymorphism in the interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene on serum concentrations of IL-6, C-reactive protein, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 as well as their influence on the response to a nutritional intervention with MD. An intervention study in a high cardiovascular risk Mediterranean population (314 men and 407 women) was undertaken. Participants were randomly assigned to consume a low-fat control diet or a MD supplemented with virgin olive oil or nuts. Measures were obtained at baseline and after a 3-mo intervention period. At baseline, the COX-2 -765G>C polymorphism was associated with lower serum IL-6 (5.85 +/- 4.82 in GG vs. 4.74 +/- 4.14 ng/L in C-allele carriers; P = 0.002) and ICAM-1 (265.8 +/- 114.8 in GG vs. 243.0 +/- 107.1 microg/L in C-carriers; P = 0.018) concentrations. These differences remained significant after multivariate adjustment. The IL-6 -174G>C polymorphism was associated with higher (CC vs. G-carriers) serum ICAM-1 concentrations in both men and women and with higher serum IL-6 concentrations in men. Following the dietary intervention, no significant gene x diet interactions were found. In conclusion, although COX-2 -765G>C and IL-6 -174G>C polymorphisms were associated with inflammation, consuming a MD (either supplemented with virgin olive oil or nuts) reduced the concentration of inflammation markers regardless of these polymorphisms.

[Clinical Practice Guide for Anaphylaxis in Latin America (Galaxia-Latam)]. / Guía de Actuación en Anafilaxia en Latinoamérica. Galaxia-Latam.

Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction with a rapid onset and it is potentially life-threatening. Its clinical manifestations are varied; they may affect the skin, the cardiovascular system, the respiratory system, and the digestive system, among others. The treatment of choice, which is an intra-muscular injection of epinephrine (adrenaline), must be applied promptly. Therefore, being prepared to recognize it properly is of crucial importance. The objective of this clinical practice guide is to improve the knowledge of health professionals about anaphylaxis and, consequently, to optimize the treatment and long-term management of this reaction. This guide is adapted to the peculiarities of Latin America; especially in matters regarding the treatment. The need to introduce epinephrine auto-injectors in countries that don't have them yet is highlighted.

La anafilaxia es una reacción alérgica grave de instauración rápida y potencialmente mortal. Sus manifestaciones clínicas son muy variadas, pudiendo afectar la piel, el sistema cardiovascular, el aparato respiratorio y el digestivo, entre otros. El tratamiento de elección, mediante la inyección intramuscular de adrenalina, debe ser precoz. Por lo anterior, es vital estar preparados para reconocerla adecuadamente. El objetivo de la presente guía de actuación clínica es mejorar el conocimiento de los profesionales sanitarios sobre anafilaxia y, consecuentemente, optimizar el tratamiento y manejo a largo plazo de esta entidad. La guía está adaptada a las peculiaridades de América Latina, especialmente en los aspectos relativos al tratamiento. Se destaca la necesidad de introducir los autoinyectores de adrenalina en los países que no dispongan de ellos.

Acciones docentes para atender la diversidad estudiantil en las clases de la disciplina Estomatología Integral

RESUMEN El adecuado desempeño docente para atender la diversidad estudiantil en la disciplina Estomatología Integral, puede garantizarla formación con calidad del egresado en la carrera de Estomatología. El objetivo de este trabajo es diseñar un sistema de acciones docentes para atender la diversidad estudiantil en las clases de la disciplina Estomatología Integral en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Las Tunas. Se realizó una investigación de desarrollo, principalmente cualitativa, en la institución antes declarada, desde septiembre de 2020 a febrero 2021. La investigación define como objeto el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de las clases de la disciplina Estomatología Integral y como campo las acciones docentes para atender diversidad estudiantil. La investigación se ejecutó en dos etapas, dedicadas a: revisar documentos rectores de la carrera, tesis, artículos, programas y elaborar las acciones. El sistema de acciones docentes para atender la diversidad estudiantil quedó estructurado por un objetivo general, acciones permanentes a realizar en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje (relacionado con: superación docente, diagnóstico pedagógico integral y formación de valores); y acciones al planificar, ejecutar y controlar las clases. Las acciones propuestas promueven la unidad de la unidad de lo instructivo, educativo y desarrollador, de lo cognitivo y afectivo, de la formación del conocimiento y los valores, mediante un sistema didáctico integral y personalizado. Se proponen acciones docentes para atender la diversidad estudiantil, en el proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje de las clases de la disciplina Estomatología Integral, al planificar, ejecutar y controlar.

ABSTRACT The appropriate educational acting to assist the student diversity in the discipline of Family Dentistry, it can guarantee the formation with quality of the students in the Dentistry career. To design a system of educational actions to assist the student diversity in the classes of the of Family Dentistry in the University of Medical Sciences of Las Tunas. A development investigation, mainly qualitative, before in the institution declared, from September of 2020 to February 2021. The investigation defines like object the process of teaching-learning of the classes of the Family Dentistry and I eat field the educational actions to assist student diversity. The investigation was executed in two stages, dedicated to: to revise documents rectors of the career, thesis, articles, programs and to elaborate the actions. The system of educational actions to assist the student diversity was structured by a general objective, permanent actions to carry out in the teaching-learning process (related with: educational preparation, integral pedagogic diagnosis, and values formation); and work when planning, to execute and to control the classes. The proposed actions promote the unit of the unit of the instructive, educational and developer, of the cognitive, and affective, of the formation of the knowledge and the values, by means of an integral and personalized didactic system. They intended educational actions to assist the student diversity, in the process teaching-learning of the classes of the discipline Family Dentistry, when planning, to execute and to control.

RESUMO Desempenho adequado de ensino para abordar a diversidade dos alunos na disciplina abrangente de estomatologia pode garantir treinamento de qualidade para graduados nacarreira de estomatologia. O objetivo deste trabalho é projetar um sistema de ações de ensino para abordar a diversidade dos alunos nas classes da abrangente disciplina estomatológica nas ciências da Universidade de Tunas. Uma pesquisa de desenvolvimento, principalmente qualitativa, foi realizada na instituição acima mencionada, a partir de 2020 a fevereiro de 2021. A pesquisa define como objeto o processo de ensino-aprendizagem das classes da disciplina abrangente de estomatologia e como um campo as ações de ensino para a diversidade estudantil. A pesquisa foi realizada em dois estágios, dedicada a: Revisar os documentos orientadores da carreira, tese, artigos, programas e elaborar as ações. O sistema de ações de ensino para abordar a diversidade dos alunos foi estruturado por um objetivo geral, ações permanentes a serem realizadas no processo de ensino-aprendizagem (relacionado a: melhoria dos professores, diagnóstico pedagógico abrangente e formação de valores); e ações ao planejar, executar e controlar as aulas. As ações propostas promovem a unidade da unidade instrutiva, educacional e de desenvolvedora, do cognitivo e afetivo, da formação de conhecimento e valores, através de um sistema didático abrangente e personalizado. As ações de ensino são propostas para abordar a diversidade do aluno, no processo de ensino-aprendizagem das classes da disciplina abrangente de estomatologia, ao planejar, executar e controlar.

Efectos de la pandemia por COVID-19 en la salud mental de adolescentes / Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescent mental health

Objetivo: Analizar los efectos de la pandemia por COVID-19 en la salud mental de adolescentes. Método: Descriptiva documental. Resultados: 15 articulos relacionados al tema de investigación. Conclusión: Mediante el profundo análisis realizado, se puede concluir que, todas las personas se han visto afectadas por la pandemia , sin embargo la población que más sufrió han sido los adolescentes, debido a que han tenido que adaptarse a mecanismo establecidos para frenar el contagio del COVID-19, dejando así a un lado las actividades cotidianas que antes realizaban cómo asistir a clases presencialmente, interactuar con otras personas y concurrir a espacios o eventos públicos ,como consecuencia en el futuro de estos jóvenes se puede generar una serie de trastornos emocionales , puesto que la adolescencia es una etapa fundamental y crucial para el desarrollo de hábitos sociales.

Objective: To analyze the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of adolescents. Method: Descriptive documentary. Results: 15 articles related to the research topic. Conclusion: By means of the deep analysis carried out, it can be concluded that, all people have been affected by the pandemic , however the population that suffered the most has been the adolescents, due to the fact that they have had to adapt to the mechanism established to stop the contagion of COVID-19, thus leaving aside the daily activities that they previously performed how to attend classes in person, interact with other people and attend public spaces or events ,as a result in the future of these young people can generate a series of emotional disorders , since adolescence is a fundamental and crucial stage for the development of social habits

Spanish Consensus Statement: Clinical Management and Treatment of Tendinopathies in Sport.

On October 15, 2016, experts met at Clínica CEMTRO in Madrid, Spain, under the patronage of the Spanish Society for Sports Traumatology (SETRADE), the Spanish Society of Sports Medicine (SEMED), the Spanish Association of Medical Services for Football Clubs (AEMEF), the Spanish Association of Medical Services for Basketball Clubs (AEMB), F.C. Barcelona, and Clínica CEMTRO. The purpose was to consider the most appropriate clinical management and treatment of tendinopathies in sports, based on proven scientific data described in the medical literature as well as on each expert's experience. Prior to the meeting, each expert received a questionnaire regarding clinical management and treatment of tendinopathies in sports. The present consensus document summarizes the answers to the questionnaire and the resulting discussion and consensus regarding current concepts on tendinopathies in sports.

Low molecular weight heparin is useful in adult COVID-19 inpatients. Experience during the first Spanish wave: observational study

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The intensity of the thromboprophylaxis needed as a potential factor for preventing inpatient mortality due to coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To explore the association between anticoagulation intensity and COVID-19 survival. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective observational study in a tertiary-level hospital in Spain. METHODS: Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) status was ascertained based on prescription at admission. To control for immortal time bias, anticoagulant use was analyzed as a time-dependent variable. RESULTS: 690 patients were included (median age, 72 years). LMWH was administered to 615 patients, starting from hospital admission (89.1%). 410 (66.7%) received prophylactic-dose LMWH; 120 (19.5%), therapeutic-dose LMWH; and another 85 (13.8%) who presented respiratory failure, high D-dimer levels (> 3 mg/l) and non-worsening of inflammation markers received prophylaxis of intermediate-dose LMWH. The overall inpatient-mortality rate was 38.5%. The anticoagulant nonuser group presented higher mortality risk than each of the following groups: any LMWH users (HR 2.1; 95% CI: 1.40-3.15); the prophylactic-dose heparin group (HR 2.39; 95% CI, 1.57-3.64); and the users of heparin dose according to biomarkers (HR 6.52; 95% CI, 2.95-14.41). 3.4% of the patients experienced major hemorrhage. 2.8% of the patients developed an episode of thromboembolism. CONCLUSIONS: This observational study showed that LMWH administered at the time of admission was associated with lower mortality among unselected adult COVID-19 inpatients. The magnitude of the benefit may have been greatest for the intermediate-dose subgroup. Randomized controlled trials to assess the benefit of heparin within different therapeutic regimes for COVID-19 patients are required.

Spanish Consensus Statement: The Treatment of Muscle Tears in Sport.

On the 21st of March, 2015, experts met at Clínica CEMTRO in Madrid, Spain, under the patronage of The Spanish Society for Sports Traumatology (SETRADE), The Spanish Federation of Sports Medicine (FEMEDE), The Spanish Association of Medical Services for Football Clubs (AEMEF), and The Spanish Association of Medical Services for Basketball Clubs (AEMB) with the aim of establishing a round table that would allow specialists to consider the most appropriate current general actions to be taken when treating muscle tears in sport, based on proven scientific data described in the medical literature. Each expert received a questionnaire prior to the aforementioned meeting comprising a set of questions concerning therapeutic indications generally applied in the different stages present during muscle repair. The present Consensus Document is the result of the answers to the questionnaire and resulting discussion and consensus over which are the best current indications in the treatment of muscle tears in sport. Avoiding immobilization, not taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) randomly, fostering early mobilization, increasing vascularization of injured, site and regulating inflammatory mechanisms-without inhibiting these from the early stages of the recovery period-all stood out as main points of the Consensus Document. Additionally, there is controversy concerning cell stimulation techniques and the use of growth factors or cell inhibitors. The decision concerning discharge was unanimous, as was the criteria considered when it came to performing sport techniques without pain.

[Low prevalence of the Leu7/Pro polymorphism in the signal peptide of preproneuropeptide Y in the Spanish Mediterranean population]. / Baja prevalencia del polimorfismo Leu7Pro en el péptido señal del preproneuropéptido Y en la población mediterránea española.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: A common Leu7Pro polymorphism in the signal peptide of neuropeptide Y has been associated with increased plasma cholesterol and accelerated atherosclerosis in the Finnish population. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: A cross-sectional design was carried out in 1,000 individuals from the Mediterranean Spanish population to estimate its prevalence. Two independently collected samples consisting of 486 subjects (sample 1) and 514 subjects (sample 2) were studied. The Leu7Pro polymorphism was determined. RESULTS: We found only one individual carrying the Leu7Pro variant (0.1%). The allele frequency of the Pro7 allele was extremely low: 0.005 (95% CI,0.0001-0.0015). CONCLUSIONS: This low prevalence suggests that the Pro7 allele is not one of the genetic determinant factors affecting obesity, plasma lipids or alcoholism in this population.

Hospital-wide survey of the adequacy in the number of vascular catheters and catheter lumens.

BACKGROUND: Removal of unnecessary catheters has been proposed as an important measure to reduce catheter-related morbidity. Nevertheless, there is scarce information about the potential magnitude of such intervention. OBJECTIVE: The present study was aimed at analyzing the appropriateness of use of vascular catheters and catheter lumens in the inpatient setting. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. SETTING: The entire population of adult inpatients admitted to a 1368-bed tertiary-care hospital in a single day. MEASUREMENTS: We used a set of preestablished criteria to evaluate the appropriateness of use of vascular catheters and catheter lumens according to the number and administration regimen of intravenous drugs. RESULTS: Out of 834 patients, 575 (68.9%) had ≥1 vascular catheters in place on the day of the survey. The type and distribution of the 703 surveyed catheters were peripheral venous catheter, 80.6%; central venous catheter, 15.8%; and arterial catheter, 3.6%. We found an overall mean of 2.06 ± 0.82 lumens per catheter, with significant differences between intensive care units and conventional wards (P < 0.0001). Based on our criteria, 126 out of 575 patients (21.9%) had an inappropriate number of catheters (medical wards, 20.0%; surgical wards, 23.9%; intensive care units, 26.3%), and 631 out of 14248 nonarterial catheter lumens (43.6%) were considered unnecessary. CONCLUSIONS: Significant room exists for improving the adequacy of the number of vascular catheters and catheter lumens as a potentially useful tool for decreasing the incidence of catheter-related bloodstream infection.

Estrategias y contenidos considerados más eficaces por los jóvenes para la prevención del virus del papiloma humano desde Facebook / Young people's preferences about strategies and contents considered more effective for the human papillomavirus prevention from Facebook

El virus del papiloma humano es la enfermedad de transmisión sexual más común a nivel global con una gran incidencia en jóvenes. El desconocimiento, los prejuicios y una vida sexual activa los convierten en un grupo de alto riesgo en la infección del papilomavirus y su futuro desarrollo en cáncer. Actualmente, gracias a su popularidad entre jóvenes, redes sociales como Facebook son herramientas apropiadas para intervenciones en educación sexual que permitan superar estas barreras. En este sentido, escuchar la opinión de los jóvenes, sus intereses sobre la enfermedad y la forma de comunicar más atractiva hará que las intervenciones resulten más relevantes y útiles. Objetivo: identificar las preferencias de los jóvenes sobre estrategias y contenidos más interesantes para un perfil en Facebook sobre el papilomavirus que permita el diseño de programas y campañas de prevención atractivas en redes sociales. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal de opiniones, preferencias y motivaciones de 120 jóvenes universitarios mediante un cuestionario basado en investigaciones previas. Resultados: los resultados muestran que los jóvenes prefieren perfiles de especialistas o instituciones. Están interesados en pruebas, tratamiento, vacunas y prevención. Los recursos más atractivos son la multimedia, los artículos y los testimonios, así como una "comunidad" y la posibilidad de realizar consultas (en privado por temor a las críticas). Conclusiones: este estudio ofrece información sobre las preferencias de los jóvenes que deben ser consideradas en el diseño de las estrategias de prevención en redes sociales para que resulten realmente eficaces y ayuden a la comprensión del virus entre los jóvenes(AU)

Human papillomavirus is the most common sexually transmitted disease worldwide, with a high incidence among young people. Ignorance, prejudice and an active sexual life turn the young into a high-risk group for papillomavirus infection and its future development into cancer. Due to its popularity with youngsters, social networks like Facebook have become appropriate tools for sexual education interventions aimed at overcoming such barriers. Interventions will be more relevant and useful if account is taken of young people's opinions about the disease, their interests in this respect and the forms of communication they consider to be the most attractive. Objective: the purpose of the study is to analyze young people's preferences concerning more interesting strategies and contents for a Facebook profile about papillomavirus leading to the design of attractive prevention campaigns and programs for social networks. Methods: to achieve this end, a cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted of the opinions, preferences and motivations of 120 university students using a questionnaire based on previous research findings. Results: young people prefer specialist or institutional profiles. They are interested in tests, treatment, vaccines and prevention. The most attractive resources are multimedia, articles and testimonies, as well as a community and the possibility of making inquiries (in private for fear of criticism). Conclusions: the study provides information about young people's preferences to be considered in the design of prevention strategies for social networks, so that they are really effective and foster understanding of the disease among the youth(AU)

Atypical case of congenital maxillomandibular fusion with duplication of the craniofacial midline.

We report the first case of syngnathia with hypophyseal duplication and describe the central nervous system (CNS) and craniofacial anomalies associated with hypophyseal duplication in the reported autopsy case. We studied clinical reports, scanner images, and autopsy results of a 2-months-old female baby. The propositus had frontonasal dysmorphism, retrognathia, and bifid tongue. She also presented maxillomandibular bony fusion (syngnathia) and an intraoral hairy polyp. In the cranium, the sella turcica was broadened, with two complete hypophyses and two infundibulums. The CNS had both olfactory bulbs and corpus callosum agenesis. There are 27 previous cases of maxillomandibular fusion and seven previous autopsy cases of hypophyseal duplication associated with other frontonasal malformations. As far as the authors know, this is the first case reported in the literature that associates syngnathia with duplication of the craniofacial midline including hypophyseal duplication.

Actividad física de adolescentes: implicación de sustancias nocivas, modalidad practicada y familia / Physical activity in adolescents: involvement of harmful substances, and practiced family mode / Atividade física por adolescentes: implicação de substâncias nocivas, modalidade praticada e família

Los objetivos de la investigación fueron: determinar los niveles de práctica de actividad física en adolescentes, consumo de tabaco y alcohol como fenómeno social, establecer qué tipo de actividad y nivel federativo y dictaminar el nivel de AF en los progenitores; y apreciar cómo influye en la práctica de actividad física regular, el consumo de sustancias, el tipo de deporte practicado y el nivel de práctica de padres y madres. Participaronun total de 2.134 adolescentes, empleándose una hoja de autoregistro para las variables: Práctica de AF, Modalidad, Estado Federativo y Nivel de Actividad Física Familiar; el FTND para determinar elConsumo de Tabacoy el AUDIT para elConsumo de Alcohol.Los principales resultados indican que los adolescentes que practican actividad física no consumen habitualmente sustancias nocivas, están influenciadospor parámetros familiares, realizanen mayor medida deportes de tipo colectivo y están federados en ellos.

The objectives of the research were: to determine the levels of physical activity in adolescents, consumption of snuff and alcohol as a social phenomenon, establish what type of activity and federal level and determine the level of PA in parents, and see how it affects the practice of physical activity regular substance use, the type of sport and level of practice of parents.A total of 2,134 adolescents, using a sheet of self-registration for the variables: Practice AF mode, and federal state level Family Physical Activity, the FTND to determine Snuff consumption and AUDIT for Alcohol Consumption. The main results indicate that adolescents who practice physical activity does not usually consume harmful substances, parameters are influenced by family, made ​​further collective sports type and are federated in them.

Os objetivos da investigação foram: determinar os níveis de prática de atividade física em adolescentes, o consumo de tabaco e álcool como fenômeno social, estabelecer o tipo de atividade e nível federativo e determinar o nível de AF nos progenitores; verificar a influência da prática regular de atividade física, o consumo de substâncias, o tipo de esporte praticado e o nível de prática de pais e mães. Participaram 2.134 adolescentes, utilizando-se uma folha de autorregistro para as variáveis: Prática de AF, Modalidade, Estado Federativo e Nível de Atividade Física Familiar; o FTND para determinar o Consumo de Tabaco e o AUDIT para o Consumo de Álcool. Os principais resultados indicam que os adolescentes que praticam atividade física habitualmente não consomem substâncias nocivas, estão influenciados por parâmetros familiares, realizam mais esportes de tipo coletivo e estão federados neles.