Opt-Out Syphilis Screening at an Urgent Care Center in Atlanta: Evaluation of a Pilot Program.

BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and syphilis disproportionately impact communities with low access to primary care, who often utilize urgent care centers (UCCs) for sexual health care. UCC visits represent an opportunity for identification and treatment of syphilis and linkage to HIV testing and prevention services. We describe a universal, opt-out syphilis screening program pilot at an Atlanta UCC. METHODS: A chart review was performed on patients 18 years and older who were offered opt-out syphilis screening and had a rapid plasma reagin (RPR) test collected from September 1, 2021 to December 31, 2021. Demographic data, syphilis stage and treatment, and HIV testing and serostatus were abstracted from the electronic health record. Patients with reactive RPRs were contacted by a study physician for syphilis staging and treatment, counseling, and referral for HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) or treatment. RESULTS: From September 1, 2021 to December 31, 2021, 5794 patients were triaged and 1381 underwent RPR screening (23.8%). Eighty (5.8%) had reactive RPRs, and 42 (52.5%) had active syphilis. Of those with active syphilis, 39 (92.9%) received any treatment, and 35 (83.3%) completed treatment. Patients with late syphilis were less likely to complete syphilis treatment (adjusted odds ratio, 0.03; P = 0.009; 95% confidence interval, 0.002-0.42). Among 955 offered PrEP, 41 (4.3%) expressed interest in PrEP, and 7 (0.7%) completed PrEP clinic intake. Univariate analysis did not identify any factors associated with interest in PrEP. CONCLUSIONS: In a UCC setting, routine, opt-out syphilis testing resulted in increased syphilis identification and treatment. It also provided an opportunity for PrEP counseling and referral, although few patients completed PrEP clinic intake.

A Retrospective Chart Review of Patients With Reactive Rapid Plasma Reagin Tests in the Emergency Department of an Urban Safety Net Hospital.

ABSTRACT: Emergency departments are a critical access point to care in safety net health systems. A retrospective chart review of patients with reactive rapid plasma reagins collected in the emergency department of an Atlanta safety net hospital from May 1, 2020, to October 31, 2020, found suboptimal rates of syphilis treatment completion and linkage to human immunodeficiency virus pre-exposure prophylaxis services.

Confabulation, amnesia and motor memory loss as a presentation of apparent ITPR1 antibody autoimmune encephalitis.

A 59-year-old woman presented to the hospital with acute, hypoactive altered mental status. Her symptoms had begun 3 days prior when she developed hallucinations, urinary and faecal incontinence, and somnolence. She also exhibited confabulations, amnesia, motor memory loss and a wide-based gait. Medical, psychiatric and neurological evaluations including imaging and laboratory workup were unrevealing. Treatment for possible Wernicke encephalopathy and psychosis with high-dose intravenous thiamine and antipsychotic medications did not lead to improvement. After discharge, a send-out cerebrospinal fluid autoimmune encephalitis panel resulted positive for the newly identified neuronal inositol triphosphate receptor one (ITPR1) antibody. This prompted readmission for intravenous steroids, plasmapheresis and intravenous immunoglobulin, which yielded mild clinical improvement. Here, we describe confabulations and psychiatric symptoms as novel manifestations of the primary presentation of anti-ITPR1 encephalitis in an effort to promote faster recognition of this disease and early initiation of treatment in suspected cases.