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Med. infant ; 26(1): 10-18, Marzo 2019. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-994712

RESUMO

Introducción: Las ECNT constituyen la principal causa de muerte en nuestro país y representan una epidemia en aumento. La prevención debe concentrarse contra los factores de riesgo prevenibles, el tabaquismo, mala alimentación, falta de actividad física y consumo excesivo de alcohol. Objetivo: Describir la situación de salud y factores de riesgo de ECNT del Personal del Hospital Garrahan que asistió al curso de Alimentación Saludable. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo de corte transversal retrospectivo. Se realizó la encuesta "Situación de salud y factores de riesgo", por autorreporte durante el periodo 2015-2017. Los datos se analizaron con SPSS 20 para Windows. Resultados: Muestra de 194 alumnos, 81% mujeres. El 41.2% es universitario y el 50,8% no fuma. A mayor edad menor actividad física. Solo el 18% de la muestra cumplió con las recomendaciones de consumo de verduras y el 24% de frutas. El consumo de carne vacuna, supero la recomendación no así el pescado. El 31% siempre o casi siempre sobreagrega sal. El 70.1% toma de 1 a 4 vasos de agua, y solo el 6,34% más de 8 vasos. La prevalencia de exceso de peso fue del 53.6%. Las enfermedades metabólicas declaradas fueron del 39% entre HTA, colesterol alto y diabetes 2. Discusión: El exceso de peso, se correlaciona con el de la población argentina. Podría deberse al sedentarismo, y conductas alimentarias inadecuadas. Se observó que a medida que el IMC aumenta, el consumo de frutas, verduras y la realización de actividad física, disminuyen. Conclusión: Para crear nuevos hábitos alimentarios y de actividad física, es necesario información de calidad y herramientas para tomar acciones con responsabilidad sobre la mejora en el cuidado de su propia salud (AU)


Introduction: Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of death in our country and a growing epidemic. Prevention should focus on preventable risk factors, such as smoking, poor eating habits, and excessive alcohol intake. Objective: To describe health status and risk factors for NCDs in the personnel of Garrahan Hospital that attended a Healthy Eating course. Material and methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive study. A selfreport survey "Health status and risk factors" was administered over the period 2015-2017. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20 for Windows. Results: The sample consisted of 194 pupils; 81% was female. Overall, 41.2% had university education and 50,8% did not smoke. The older the age, the less physical exercise. Only 18% of the sample met the recommendations for vegetable intake and 24% those for fruit intake. Cow meat consumption was higher than the recommendations, but fish consumption was not. Overall, 31% always or almost always added too much salt. Of the sample, 70.1% drank 1 to 4 glasses of water and only 6,34% drank more than 8 glasses of water. The prevalence of overweight was 53.6%. Metabolic diseases, among which AHT, high cholesterol, and diabetes 2, were reported in 39%. Discussion: The rate of overweight, correlating with the general Argentine population, may be due to a sedentary lifestyle and inadequate eating habits. It was observed that when the BMI was higher, fruit and vegetable intake and physical exercise were lower. Conclusion: To develop new eating habits and increase physical exercise, quality information and tools are necessary in order to take responsible action regarding improvements in personal health care (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Inquéritos e Questionários , Fatores de Risco , Comportamento Alimentar , Doenças não Transmissíveis/prevenção & controle , Doenças não Transmissíveis/epidemiologia , Doença Crônica , Estudos Transversais , Estudos Retrospectivos , Sobrepeso , Dieta Saudável , Obesidade
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