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1.
Medicina (B Aires) ; 72(1): 19-22, 2012.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22257451

RESUMO

Heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is an immune-mediated disorder due to antibodies anti platelet factor 4-heparin (HPIA). Thrombocytopenia is often moderate but certain patients can develop morbid thrombotic complications. HPIA detection by ELISA has high sensitivity but low specificity, and low titers (without clinical significance) are frequent. A pretest clinical score (4T's) was developed in order to recognize patients that are at high risk of HIT. The aim of this study was to correlate HPIA levels and the 4T's score of consecutive patients derived to our center. We evaluated 84 patients (35 of them developed thrombosis); the clinical questionnaire was sent along with the sample and was analyzed by an investigator who did not know the patients' characteristics, and 4T's scores were calculated before performing the laboratory tests. HPIA were measured by ELISA (Asserachrom HPIA) that detects IgG, IgM and IgA isotypes, (the only reagent available in our country). 4T's score correlated with HPIA levels (rho spearman 0.472, p < 0.001). Patients with 4T's = 6 had higher absorbance percentages than those with = 5 (67 vs. 39%, p < 0.001), and patients with thrombosis also presented higher titers (59 vs. 39%, p = 0.017) than those who did not develop this complication. In conclusion, high titers of HPIA measured by EIA which detects the 3 isotypes, clearly correlate with 4T's score = 6 and are more frequent in patients who develop thrombosis, just as reported when an IgG specific ELISA is used.


Assuntos
Anticorpos/análise , Anticoagulantes/efeitos adversos , Heparina/efeitos adversos , Fator Plaquetário 4/imunologia , Trombocitopenia/induzido quimicamente , Adulto , Idoso , Anticoagulantes/imunologia , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Feminino , Heparina/imunologia , Humanos , Imunoglobulina A/análise , Imunoglobulina G/análise , Imunoglobulina M/análise , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Inibidores da Agregação Plaquetária/química , Trombocitopenia/diagnóstico , Trombose/etiologia
2.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; Medicina (B.Aires);72(1): 19-22, feb. 2012. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-639646

RESUMO

La trombocitopenia inducida por heparina (HIT) es un efecto adverso del tratamiento con heparina, mediada por anticuerpos anti complejo factor plaquetario 4 (PF4)-heparina (HPIA). La HIT es frecuentemente moderada pero pueden desarrollarse complicaciones trombóticas. El diagnóstico precoz es importante. La detección de HPIA por ELISA tiene alta sensibilidad pero baja especificidad (títulos bajos sin significación clínica). El índice de las 4T (índice 4T) puede detectar pacientes con alto riesgo de HIT. El propósito del estudio fue correlacionar los niveles de HPIA y el índice 4T de un grupo de pacientes derivados a nuestro centro. Evaluamos 84 pacientes, 34 de ellos desarrollaron trombosis. Cada médico completó un cuestionario clínico que fue remitido con la muestra a nuestro centro. Los cuestionarios fueron analizados por un investigador externo y el índice 4T se calculó previamente al ensayo. Los HPIA se determinaron por un ELISA (Asserachrom HPIA) que detecta los 3 isotipos, IgG, IgM e IgA, único reactivo disponible en Argentina. Los resultados se expresaron como porcentaje de absorbancia (%ABS). La correlación del índice 4T con los HPIA fue 0.472 (rho spearman, p < 0.001). Los pacientes con índice 4T ≥ 6 presentaban %ABS mayores que los ≤ 5 (67 vs. 39, p < 0.001). Aquéllos con trombosis presentaron títulos mayores que los que no la desarrollaron (%ABS 59 vs. 39, p = 0.017). En conclusión: Los títulos altos de HPIA medidos por ELISA, que detecta los 3 isotipos, correlacionaron claramente con el índice 4T ≥ 6 y fueron más frecuentes en los pacientes con trombosis, coincidiendo con lo ya descripto para ensayos de ELISA específicos para isotipo IgG.


Heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is an immune-mediated disorder due to antibodies anti platelet factor 4-heparin (HPIA). Thrombocytopenia is often moderate but certain patients can develop morbid thrombotic complications. HPIA detection by ELISA has high sensitivity but low specificity, and low titers (without clinical significance) are frequent. A pretest clinical score (4T´s) was developed in order to recognize patients that are at high risk of HIT. The aim of this study was to correlate HPIA levels and the 4T´s score of consecutive patients derived to our center. We evaluated 84 patients (35 of them developed thrombosis); the clinical questionnaire was sent along with the sample and was analyzed by an investigator who did not know the patients´ characteristics, and 4T´s scores were calculated before performing the laboratory tests. HPIA were measured by ELISA (Asserachrom HPIA) that detects IgG, IgM and IgA isotypes, (the only reagent available in our country). 4T´s score correlated with HPIA levels (rho spearman 0.472, p < 0.001). Patients with 4T´s ≥ 6 had higher absorbance percentages than those with ≤ 5 (67 vs. 39%, p < 0.001), and patients with thrombosis also presented higher titers (59 vs. 39%, p = 0.017) than those who did not develop this complication. In conclusion, high titers of HPIA measured by EIA which detects the 3 isotypes, clearly correlate with 4T´s score ≥ 6 and are more frequent in patients who develop thrombosis, just as reported when an IgG specific ELISA is used.


Assuntos
Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Anticorpos/análise , Anticoagulantes/efeitos adversos , Heparina/efeitos adversos , /imunologia , Trombocitopenia/induzido quimicamente , Anticoagulantes/imunologia , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Heparina/imunologia , Imunoglobulina A/análise , Imunoglobulina G/análise , Imunoglobulina M/análise , Inibidores da Agregação Plaquetária/química , Trombocitopenia/diagnóstico , Trombose/etiologia
3.
Hematología (B. Aires) ; 10(1): 88-92, ene.-abr. 2006. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-481584

RESUMO

En la literatura se describió que la prolongación de las pruebas de coagulación a baja concentración de ionescalcio se asociaba a la presencia de a132GPI en un pequeño grupo seleccionado de pacientes con anticoagulante lúpico (AL). Por ello se decidió evaluar la respuesta ala disminución en la concentración de calcio de los plasmas obtenidos de 318 pacientes consecutivos derivados a nuestro laboratorio para la investigación de AL. Se realizó el tiempo de protrombina diluido (dTP) utilizando una dilución 1:50 de tromboplastina recombinante a 2 concentraciones finales de calcio 15 y 5 mM. Se calculó el cociente P:N a ambas concentraciones y luego una relación de esos cocientes (razón 5:15). Setenta y cinco de 318 presentaron AL positivo. De los mismos, aquellos que presentaban a132GPI prolongaban significativamenteel dTP a bajas concentraciones de calcio: media de cocientes P:N 2.43 v s 2.96 a 15 y 5 m M respectivamente,p=0.05. Una prolongación mayor de120 porciento (razón 5:15 >1.2) se presentó en el 47.7 porciento de los pacientes con AL (+) y a132GPI (+) comparado con un 16.2 porciento de los pacientes AL (+) a132GPI (-), p=0.0014. Se observó que la presencia de a132GPI estaba asociada a la prolongación del dTP a bajas concentraciones de iones calcio, no obstante la sensibilidad de la prueba para identificar los AL asociados a a132GPI es baja.


Assuntos
Inibidor de Coagulação do Lúpus
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