Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 37
Filtrar
Mais filtros

Bases de dados
País/Região como assunto
Tipo de documento
Intervalo de ano de publicação
1.
Br J Anaesth ; 123(3): 309-315, 2019 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30987765

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The tip of the tracheal tube should lie at the mid-tracheal level after tracheal intubation in paediatric patients. Auscultation does not guarantee optimal positioning of the tracheal tube. We compared auscultation and the ultrasound-guided lung sliding sign to confirm optimal positioning of the tracheal tube in paediatric patients. METHODS: We studied 74 paediatric patients aged 0-24 months of ASA physical status 1-3 who were scheduled for elective surgery under general anaesthesia. All were randomly assigned to one of two groups: depth of tracheal tube confirmed by auscultation (Group A) or using the ultrasound-guided lung sliding sign (Group S). RESULTS: Optimal positioning of the tracheal tube was observed in 32 of 37 (87%) subjects in Group S and 24 of 37 (65%) subjects in Group A (difference in proportion, 22%; 95% confidence interval, 2-39%; P=0.030). Optimal depth correlated with patient height (adjusted coefficient=0.888, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In paediatric patients younger than 24 months, use of the ultrasound-guided lung sliding sign was more accurate than auscultation for optimal positioning of the tracheal tube. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: KCT 0003015.


Assuntos
Intubação Intratraqueal/métodos , Traqueia/diagnóstico por imagem , Ultrassonografia de Intervenção/métodos , Anestesia Geral/métodos , Auscultação , Estatura , Método Duplo-Cego , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Eletivos , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Pulmão/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Estudos Prospectivos
2.
Genet Mol Res ; 16(2)2017 Apr 13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28407192

RESUMO

The Japanese oak silkmoth, Antheraea yamamai Guérin-Méneville, 1861 (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae), is an important natural resource of industrial value for silk fiber production. Owing to a lack of geographic and population genetic information, systematic domestication of An. yamamai has not been possible yet. In this study, 10 microsatellite markers developed using next-generation sequencing and two mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) gene sequences (COI and ND4) were used to investigate the genetic variation and geographic structure of An. yamamai populations in South Korea. The two mtDNA gene sequences revealed very low total genetic variation and, consequently, low geographic variation, validating the use of more variable molecular markers. Genotyping of 76 An. yamamai individuals from nine localities in South Korea showed that the observed number of alleles at each locus ranged from 3 to 26, the polymorphism information content was 0.2990-0.9014, the observed and expected heterozygosities were 0.3252-0.9076 and 0.2500-0.9054, respectively, and FIS was -0.654-0.520. The population-based FIS, FST, RST, and global Mantel tests all suggested that the An. yamamai populations were overall well-interconnected, suggesting that any population can be used as a genetic source for domestication. Nevertheless, STRUCTURE analyses using microsatellite data and mtDNA sequences indicated the presence of two genetic pools in many populations, although a plausible explanation for this observation requires further studies.


Assuntos
Bombyx/genética , DNA Mitocondrial/genética , Repetições de Microssatélites , Polimorfismo Genético , Animais , Pool Gênico
3.
Clin Exp Immunol ; 180(3): 571-80, 2015 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25599677

RESUMO

Non-essential amino acid L-glutamine (Gln) possesses anti-inflammatory activity via deactivating cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2 ). We showed previously that Gln deactivated cPLA2 indirectly via dephosphorylating p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), the major kinase for cPLA2 phosphorylation, through inducing MAPK phosphatase-1 (MKP-1). In this study, we investigated the precise mechanism underlying Gln deactivation of cPLA2 . In lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated mice, Gln injection resulted in dephosphorylation of phosphorylated cPLA2 (p-cPLA2 ), which coincided with rapid Gln induction of MKP-1. MKP-1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) abrogated the ability of Gln to induce MKP-1 as well as the dephosphorylation of cPLA2 . Co-immunoprecipitation and in-situ proximity ligation assay revealed a physical interaction between MKP-1 and p-cPLA2 . In a murine model of allergic asthma, we also demonstrated the physical interaction between MKP-1 and p-cPLA2 . Furthermore, Gln suppressed various allergic asthma phenotypes, such as neutrophil and eosinophil recruitments into the airway, airway levels of T helper type 2 (Th2) cytokines [interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5 and IL-13], airway hyperresponsiveness, mucin production and metabolites (leukotriene B4 and platelet-activating factor) through inhibiting cPLA2 in a MKP-1-dependent manner. These data suggest that MKP-1 uses cPLA2 , in addition to p38, as a substrate, which further potentiates the anti-inflammatory action of Gln.


Assuntos
Glutamina/farmacologia , Fosfolipases A2 Citosólicas/antagonistas & inibidores , Animais , Asma/imunologia , Asma/metabolismo , Asma/patologia , Células Cultivadas , Fosfatase 1 de Especificidade Dupla/metabolismo , Ativação Enzimática/efeitos dos fármacos , Feminino , Pulmão/imunologia , Pulmão/metabolismo , Pulmão/patologia , Macrófagos Alveolares/efeitos dos fármacos , Macrófagos Alveolares/enzimologia , Camundongos , Fosfolipases A2 Citosólicas/metabolismo , Fosforilação/efeitos dos fármacos , Ligação Proteica
4.
Poult Sci ; 93(12): 3097-103, 2014 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25260523

RESUMO

Bacillus subtilis C-3102 has been used as a direct-fed microbial or probiotic product since 1986 to improve production performance in broilers worldwide. This study was conducted to determine and confirm the effect of B. subtilis C-3102 spore supplementation to feed on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, carcass quality, blood profiles, noxious gas emission, and intestinal and excreta microflora in broilers. A total of 816 one-day-old male Ross 308 broilers (46.06 ± 0.67 g) were used in a 5-wk study with Calsporin, B. subtilis final product (1.0 × 10(9) cfu/g of B. subtilis). Broilers were randomly allotted to 1 of 3 dietary treatments consisting of 16 replicate cages with 17 broilers each: I) CON (control, basal diet), II) BS300 (CON + 300 mg of B. subtilis/kg of feed), and III) BS600 (CON + 600 mg of B. subtilis/kg of feed). Regarding probiotic effect, B. subtilis significantly increased Lactobacillus counts in the cecum, ileal, and excreta, and reduced Escherichia coli counts in the cecum and excreta, compared with CON. In addition, supplementation also tended to reduce Clostridium perfringens counts in the large intestine and excreta, while linearly reducing Salmonella counts in the cecum, ileal, large intestine, and excreta, compared with CON. Regarding growth performance, B. subtilis enhanced ADG in the starter and overall experimental periods, without any effects on feed intake compared with CON. Consequently, feed conversion ratio in the grower-finisher and overall experimental periods decreased significantly. The inclusion of B. subtilis improved the digestibility of DM and gross energy, as well as reducing ammonia emission, compared with CON. No significant difference in breast muscle color, water holding capacity, and drip loss, and relative organ weights, as well as in white blood cells, red blood cells, lymphocyte counts, and IgG amount, were observed. Overall, B. subtilis C-1302 is capable of providing a probiotic effect leading to improved growth performance and feed efficiency, due to the manipulation of intestinal microflora, with minimal side effects in broilers.


Assuntos
Bacillus subtilis/fisiologia , Galinhas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Suplementos Nutricionais , Gases/metabolismo , Intestinos/microbiologia , Probióticos/farmacologia , Ração Animal/análise , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição Animal , Animais , Dieta/veterinária , Masculino , Esporos Bacterianos/fisiologia
5.
Int Endod J ; 45(9): 807-14, 2012 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22432971

RESUMO

AIM: To investigate the configuration of C-shaped canals in mandibular second molars, canal wall thickness and the orientation of the thinnest area at 1-mm intervals from the canal orifice to the apex by using cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) images. METHODOLOGY: Three-dimensional CBCT images of 92 Korean mandibular second molars having C-shaped root canals were analysed to determine their configuration using a modification of Melton's classification, as well as the thinnest walls and their location. Associations between configuration type and distance from the canal orifice to the apex, as well as associations between the directional orientation of the thinnest root wall and distance from the canal orifice to the apex, were assessed by Fisher's exact test. Because serial measurements of minimum wall thicknesses were correlated with individual teeth, a mixed-effects analysis was applied. RESULTS: The most common configuration types were Melton's type I in the coronal region and Melton's type III in the apical region. Mean thicknesses of the thinnest root canal walls were 1.39 ± 0.38, 0.85 ± 0.25 and 0.77 ± 0.20 mm in the coronal, middle and apical regions, respectively. The thicker the root canal walls at the orifice region, the greater the decrease in thickness towards the apical region (P < 0.05), with the linguo-central root area being the thinnest. The pattern of decreasing thickness from the orifice to the apex formed a nonlinear cubic curve. CONCLUSIONS: The most prevalent configuration types were Melton's type I (coronal region) and type III (apical region). The linguo-central root area was the thinnest in C-shaped root canals of Korean mandibular second molars. These anatomical variations should be considered during surgical or nonsurgical endodontic procedures.


Assuntos
Variação Anatômica , Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico/estatística & dados numéricos , Cavidade Pulpar/diagnóstico por imagem , Dente Molar/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto , Anatomia Transversal/estatística & dados numéricos , Biometria , Cavidade Pulpar/anatomia & histologia , Humanos , Imageamento Tridimensional/métodos , Mandíbula/diagnóstico por imagem , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Dente Molar/anatomia & histologia , Odontometria/estatística & dados numéricos , República da Coreia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Ápice Dentário/anatomia & histologia , Ápice Dentário/diagnóstico por imagem , Coroa do Dente/anatomia & histologia , Coroa do Dente/diagnóstico por imagem , Raiz Dentária/anatomia & histologia , Raiz Dentária/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto Jovem
6.
Arch Oral Biol ; 131: 105272, 2021 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34600333

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to characterize Neolithic human maxillary molars from archeological remains at the Jiaojia site, Shandong, China, and compare their ultrastructural features with sex and age-matched modern locals. DESIGN: Maxillary first (n = 86) and second (n = 80) molars in 5000-year-old individuals (n = 50) from the Jiaojia site were scanned by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Sex and age-matched control groups were assigned from oral surgical patients at Shandong University. Images were analyzed for crown size, root length, root morphology, canal inter-orifice distances, mesiobuccal canal morphology, and second mesiobuccal (MB2) canal prevalence and location. Neolithic and modern values were compared statistically using Chi-squared and Mann-Whitney test at p < .05. RESULTS: Crown and root size were smaller, and canal inter-orifice distances were shorter in Neolithic maxillary molars than their modern counterparts. For mesiobuccal roots, Weine's Type I single canals were the most prevalent in Neolithic and modern first and second molars. MB2 canal prevalence were not significantly different (p > .05) in Neolithic (53.3%) or modern (60.5%) first molars, and Neolithic (11.3%) or modern (21.3%) second molars. But, MB2 prevalence was significantly higher for modern than ancient male first (p = .032) and second (p = .005) molars. Additionally, MB2 were located more mesially and closer to MB1 in Neolithic than modern molars. CONCLUSIONS: Maxillary molar root and canal morphology of ancient 5000-year-old remains at the Jiaojia site resemble that of local patients. A trend towards larger tooth size, and more dispersed MB2 canals over this short evolutionary period warrants additional investigation.


Assuntos
Dente Molar , Raiz Dentária , China , Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico , Cavidade Pulpar/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Masculino , Maxila/diagnóstico por imagem , Dente Molar/diagnóstico por imagem , Raiz Dentária/diagnóstico por imagem
7.
Sci Rep ; 10(1): 1350, 2020 Jan 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31992801

RESUMO

Stacking fault energies (SFE) were determined in additively manufactured (AM) stainless steel (SS 316 L) and equiatomic CrCoNi medium-entropy alloys. AM specimens were fabricated via directed energy deposition and tensile loaded at room temperature. In situ neutron diffraction was performed to obtain a number of faulting-embedded diffraction peaks simultaneously from a set of (hkl) grains during deformation. The peak profiles diffracted from imperfect crystal structures were analyzed to correlate stacking fault probabilities and mean-square lattice strains to the SFE. The result shows that averaged SFEs are 32.8 mJ/m2 for the AM SS 316 L and 15.1 mJ/m2 for the AM CrCoNi alloys. Meanwhile, during deformation, the SFE varies from 46 to 21 mJ/m2 (AM SS 316 L) and 24 to 11 mJ/m2 (AM CrCoNi) from initial to stabilized stages, respectively. The transient SFEs are attributed to the deformation activity changes from dislocation slip to twinning as straining. The twinning deformation substructure and atomic stacking faults were confirmed by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The significant variance of the SFE suggests the critical twinning stress as 830 ± 25 MPa for the AM SS 316 L and 790 ± 40 MPa for AM CrCoNi, respectively.

8.
Br J Anaesth ; 102(6): 869-74, 2009 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19376787

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to verify which muscle among the adductor pollicis (AP), orbicularis oculi (OO), and corrugator supercilii (CS) is a better predictor of optimal intubating conditions after administration of rocuronium. METHODS: In this prospective trial, 201 patients were randomized into six groups to receive rocuronium at a dose of 0.6 or 1.0 mg kg(-1) during propofol-remifentanil-nitrous oxide anaesthesia. The tracheal intubation was performed after maximal neuromuscular block by acceleromyography at the thumb (AP), the eyelid (OO), and the superciliary arch (CS). The onset time, intubating conditions, peak vital signs, and bispectral index were assessed. RESULTS: The onset time of rocuronium in the OO and CS muscle was significantly shorter than in the AP muscle (P<0.001), but excellent intubating conditions were significantly increased in the AP (87%) and the CS (77%) compared with the OO (32%) after a dose of 0.6 mg kg(-1) of rocuronium (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: After administration of rocuronium, twitch monitoring at the OO allows a faster intubation but is associated with an unacceptable incidence of inadequate intubating conditions. Excellent intubating conditions are observed most frequently with AP monitoring but with the longest delay before intubation is attempted. Monitoring of the CS allows intubation earlier than that of AP with fewer patients having excellent but no patients having inadequate intubating conditions.


Assuntos
Androstanóis/farmacologia , Intubação Intratraqueal/métodos , Relaxamento Muscular/efeitos dos fármacos , Músculo Esquelético/efeitos dos fármacos , Fármacos Neuromusculares não Despolarizantes/farmacologia , Adulto , Androstanóis/administração & dosagem , Anestesia Geral/métodos , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Eletroencefalografia/efeitos dos fármacos , Pálpebras , Músculos Faciais/efeitos dos fármacos , Músculos Faciais/fisiologia , Nervo Facial/fisiologia , Feminino , Hemodinâmica/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Laringoscopia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Monitorização Intraoperatória/métodos , Relaxamento Muscular/fisiologia , Músculo Esquelético/fisiologia , Bloqueio Neuromuscular/métodos , Fármacos Neuromusculares não Despolarizantes/administração & dosagem , Estudos Prospectivos , Rocurônio , Polegar , Adulto Jovem
9.
Endoscopy ; 40(6): 472-7, 2008 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18543135

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: After upper endoscopy, patients have complained of symptoms involving teeth or the temporomandibular joint; however, these endoscopy-related complications are usually ignored with few attempts to prevent them. The aim of this study was to identify the incidence of endoscopy-related complications involving teeth or temporomandibular joint, and to compare the effectiveness of a newly developed teeth-protecting mouthpiece (TPM) with a traditional mouthpiece (the MB-142) in preventing these complications. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 872 patients from 28 centers, who were undergoing their first upper endoscopy, were randomly assigned to TPM and MB-142 groups. At 3 - 4 days after the procedure, the occurrence of endoscopy-related complications involving the teeth or the temporomandibular joint was investigated using a structured questionnaire. Finally 865 patients (TPM group, n = 423; MB-142, n = 442) responded to this questionnaire and were included in the analysis. RESULTS: Overall, the incidence of complications was significantly lower in the TPM than in the MB-142 group (0.9% vs. 3.2%). With stratification according to sedation status, in nonsedated patients no significant difference was found between the two groups (0.7% vs. 0.9%). In sedated patients, however, the TPM group showed a significantly lower incidence of complication than the MB-142 group (1.7% vs. 11.6%). Clinically serious problems such as a tooth fracture or a loose tooth occurred only in sedated patients in the MB-142 group. CONCLUSIONS: The TPM showed an advantage over the MB-142 mouthpiece for preventing endoscopy-related complications involving teeth or the temporomandibular joint.


Assuntos
Endoscopia do Sistema Digestório/efeitos adversos , Protetores Bucais/normas , Transtornos da Articulação Temporomandibular/prevenção & controle , Doenças Dentárias/prevenção & controle , Adulto , Idoso , Endoscopia do Sistema Digestório/métodos , Desenho de Equipamento , Segurança de Equipamentos , Esofagoscopia/efeitos adversos , Esofagoscopia/métodos , Gastroscopia/efeitos adversos , Gastroscopia/métodos , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Protetores Bucais/estatística & dados numéricos , Valores de Referência , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Transtornos da Articulação Temporomandibular/etiologia , Resistência à Tração , Doenças Dentárias/etiologia
10.
Eur J Surg Oncol ; 33(4): 444-7, 2007 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17174060

RESUMO

AIM: Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most common mesenchymal neoplasm of the gastrointestinal tract. Recently, many investigations have been conducted on various aspects of laparoscopic surgery for gastric GIST. However, no study has provided long-term follow up results of laparoscopic surgery for gastric GIST. The aims of this study were to assess the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic surgery for gastric GIST and to evaluate the oncologic validity of the procedure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between January 1998 and August 2005, 51 patients with submucosal tumor of the stomach were treated by laparoscopic surgery at our institution. Of 51 patients, 23 patients were confirmed as gastric GIST by immunohistochemistry (CD 117, c-kit gene product). Patients' clinicopathologic characteristics, operative outcomes, postoperative complications, and follow-up findings were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 59.7 years, and 12 patients were women. Twelve patients (47%) presented with epigastric pain. The mean tumor size was 4.2+/-2.1 cm, and most tumors were located in the upper stomach (52.2%). The mean operative time was 104.3 min. No case of open conversion, reoperation and operative mortality occurred in the present study. Most patients had very low and low risk (60.6%), while only two patients had high risk malignancy. During a median follow-up period of 61 months (range, 7-98 months), there have been no recurrences or metastases. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic wedge resection for gastric GIST is safe, and oncologically and technically feasible in the hands of an experienced laparoscopic gastric surgeon.


Assuntos
Tumores do Estroma Gastrointestinal/cirurgia , Gastroscopia , Estudos de Viabilidade , Feminino , Seguimentos , Tumores do Estroma Gastrointestinal/patologia , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento
11.
Transplant Proc ; 49(9): 2188-2193, 2017 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29149981

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Various volatile anesthetics and ischemic preconditioning (IP) have been demonstrated to exert protective effect against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in liver. We aimed to determine whether application of IP under isoflurane and sevoflurane anesthesia would confer protection against hepatic I/R injury in rats. METHODS: Thirty-eight rats weighing 270 to 300 grams were randomly divided into 2 groups: isoflurane (1.5%) and sevoflurane (2.5%) anesthesia groups. Each group was subdivided into sham (n = 3), non-IP (n = 8; 45 minutes of hepatic ischemia), and IP (n = 8, IP consisting of 10-minute ischemia plus 15-minute reperfusion before prolonged ischemia) groups. The degree of hepatic injury and expressions of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and caspase 3 were compared at 2 hours after reperfusion. RESULTS: Hepatic ischemia induced significant degree of I/R injuries in both isoflurane and sevoflurane non-IP groups. In both anesthetic groups, introduction of IP dramatically attenuated I/R injuries as marked by significantly lower aspartate aminotransferase and aminotransferase levels and better histologic grades compared with corresponding non-IP groups. There were 2.3- and 1.7-fold increases in Bcl-2 mRNA levels in isoflurane and sevoflurane IP groups, respectively, compared with corresponding non-IP groups (both P < .05). Caspase 3 level was significantly high in the isoflurane non-IP group compared with the sham group; however, there were no differences among the sevoflurane groups. CONCLUSIONS: The degree of hepatic I/R injury was significantly high in both isoflurane and sevoflurane groups in rats. However, application of IP significantly protected against I/R injury in both volatile anesthetic groups to similar degrees, and upregulation of Bcl-2 might be an important mechanism.


Assuntos
Anestésicos Inalatórios/efeitos adversos , Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/prevenção & controle , Precondicionamento Isquêmico/métodos , Isoflurano/efeitos adversos , Éteres Metílicos/efeitos adversos , Traumatismo por Reperfusão/prevenção & controle , Animais , Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/etiologia , Isquemia/complicações , Fígado/irrigação sanguínea , Masculino , Distribuição Aleatória , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Traumatismo por Reperfusão/etiologia , Sevoflurano
12.
Poult Sci ; 95(12): 2829-2835, 2016 Dec 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27422665

RESUMO

The ban on the use of antibiotics as growth promoters due to resistance issues has urged scientists to find alternatives to antibiotics. Entercoccus faecium is one of the probiotics which have been used as an alternative to antibiotics in the livestock industry. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of probiotic (Enterococcus faecium DSM 7134) supplementation on production performance, feed intake, egg quality, excreta microflora, ammonia emission, and nutrient utilization in laying hens. A total of 288 ISA brown laying hens were used in a 27 wk feeding experiment and randomly assigned to 3 dietary treatments with 8 replicates of 12 birds each. The treatments were CON (basal diet), PB1 (basal diet + 0.005% E. faecium), and PB2 (basal diet + 0.01% E. faecium). Overall, our results demonstrated that E. faecium supplementation resulted in a significant increase in egg production, egg shell thickness, and nutrient digestibility (dry matter, nitrogen, and energy) in laying hens, and a significant reduction in fecal coliform counts as compared with CON. The shift of excreta fecal microbial composition by E. faecium supplementation was accompanied by increased nutrient retention and reduction in nutrient excretion, leading to improved nutrient digestibility and reduced excreta ammonia emission. Overall, E. faecium supplementation appears to have a beneficial effect in ISA brown laying hens and should be considered as a positive diet supplement to use in the industry.


Assuntos
Amônia/metabolismo , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição Animal/efeitos dos fármacos , Galinhas/fisiologia , Suplementos Nutricionais , Enterococcus faecium/metabolismo , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/efeitos dos fármacos , Oviposição/efeitos dos fármacos , Probióticos/farmacologia , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição Animal/fisiologia , Animais , Dieta/veterinária , Ovos/normas , Feminino , Oviposição/fisiologia
13.
Oncogene ; 35(2): 251-60, 2016 Jan 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25823029

RESUMO

Mutation in PTEN has not yet been detected, but its function as a tumor suppressor is inactivated in many cancers. In this study we determined that, activated Notch signaling disables PTEN by phosphorylation and thereby contributes to gastric tumorigenesis. Notch inhibition by small interfering RNA or γ-secretase inhibitor (GSI) induced mitotic arrest and apoptosis in gastric cancer cells. Notch inhibition induced dephosphorylation in the C-terminal domain of PTEN, which led to PTEN nuclear localization. Overexpression of activated Notch1-induced phosphorylation of PTEN and reversed GSI-induced mitotic arrest. Dephosphorylated nuclear PTEN caused prometaphase arrest by interaction with the cyclin B1-CDK1 complex, resulting in their accumulation in the nucleus and subsequent apoptosis. We found a correlation between high expression levels of Notch1 and low survival rates and, similarly, between reduced nuclear PTEN expression and increasing the TNM classification of malignant tumours stages in malignant tissues from gastric cancer patients. The growth of Notch1-depleted gastric tumors was significantly retarded in xenografted mice, and in addition, PTEN deletion restored growth similar to control tumors. We also demonstrated that combination treatment with GSI and chemotherapeutic agents significantly reduced the orthotopically transplanted gastric tumors in mice without noticeable toxicity. Overall, our findings suggest that inhibition of Notch signaling can be employed as a PTEN activator, making it a potential target for gastric cancer therapy.


Assuntos
PTEN Fosfo-Hidrolase/metabolismo , Receptores Notch/metabolismo , Neoplasias Gástricas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologia , Animais , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Apoptose/genética , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Núcleo Celular/metabolismo , Ciclina B1/metabolismo , Feminino , Pontos de Checagem da Fase G2 do Ciclo Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Oligopeptídeos/farmacologia , PTEN Fosfo-Hidrolase/genética , Fosforilação , Receptor Notch1/genética , Receptor Notch1/metabolismo , Receptores Notch/genética , Transdução de Sinais , Neoplasias Gástricas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Gástricas/mortalidade , Ensaios Antitumorais Modelo de Xenoenxerto
14.
Transplant Proc ; 37(2): 1081-4, 2005 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15848629

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Living related liver transplantation (LRLT) has been performed since 1994 in Korea; more than 600 donors have contributed to our successful LRLT program for 10 years. Although the decision to donate is difficult and the donors need a formal psychosocial assessment, no system has been available to us for the assessment. This survey was performed as a presurveillance for the development of a psychosocial assessment protocol. METHODS: A survey questionnaire included 31 questions on general and medical characteristics, factors, and processes related to the decision for donation. Donors of partial livers at least 6 months ago during the period from December 1994 to August 2003 and whose address could be confirmed by telephone were enrolled in the study. RESULTS: A questionnaire was sent by mail to 441 contactable donors of whom 209 (47.4%) responded. Male-to-female ratio was 2:1 and mean age was 32.8 years (range: 16 to 60 years). The number of spousal donors was 120 (57.4%) and 164 (78.5%) donors were employed at the time of donation. Protestants, Buddhists, and Catholics were 29.2%, 19.1%, and 14.8%, respectively. Parents were the most common recipients (33.0%), followed by siblings (17.2%), extended family members (17.2%), and children (15.8%); one hundred eighty nine (90.4%) donors had decided by themselves, the major reason for donation in 192 (91.9%) donors was "to save the lives of family members and relatives." The first person who suggested donation was the donor (64.1%), followed by family members (23.9%) or the attending physicians (8.6%). Although 70.8% of donors answered that they were not hesitant to donate at the time of decision, 44.5% were uneasy at the possibility of being unable to sustain a normal life after donation, at their lack of knowledge on organ donation, and about the pain and fear of surgery. Family members and relatives (53.3%), medical personnel (46.7%), and previous donors (35.4%) were the preferable counselors compared to transplantation institutions and clergymen. The large majority (80.8%) of donors would encourage others to donate. CONCLUSIONS: Although the decision to donate was made by the donors themselves in most cases and they appeared firm and determined about their decision, a significant number of donors felt uneasy about possible complications of organ donation and effects on their lives after donation. A precise and formal psychosocial assessment protocol is needed to support and secure their decision before and after donation.


Assuntos
Atitude Frente a Saúde , Tomada de Decisões , Transplante de Fígado/psicologia , Doadores Vivos/psicologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Ansiedade , Feminino , Humanos , Coreia (Geográfico) , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Inquéritos e Questionários
15.
Anaesth Intensive Care ; 43(1): 92-7, 2015 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25579295

RESUMO

Compared to nerve stimulation or classic paraesthesia techniques, ultrasound (US)-guided popliteal sciatic nerve block requires a smaller volume of local anaesthetic. The up-and-down method was used to determine the minimum effective anaesthetic volume of 0.5% ropivacaine necessary for US-guided popliteal sciatic nerve block to achieve successful surgical anaesthesia for foot and ankle surgery. The study included 32 patients receiving an US-guided popliteal sciatic nerve bock. The starting dose of 0.5% ropivacaine was set at 30 ml, which was decreased by 3 ml if the block succeeded and increased by 3 ml if the block failed. After the injection of local anaesthetic, the degree of sensory and motor blockade of the tibial and common peroneal nerves was assessed every 5 minutes for 30 minutes. The ED50 and ED95 volumes of local anaesthetic were 6 ml and 16 ml, respectively. The success rates of sensory blockade of the tibial nerve and common peroneal nerve were 69% and 88%, respectively. The success rates of motor blockade of these nerves were 75% and 90%, respectively. The ED50 and ED95 of 0.5% ropivacaine for US-guided popliteal sciatic nerve block were 6 ml and 16 ml, respectively.


Assuntos
Amidas/farmacocinética , Anestésicos Locais/farmacocinética , Pé/cirurgia , Nervo Isquiático/efeitos dos fármacos , Ultrassonografia de Intervenção/métodos , Adulto , Tornozelo/cirurgia , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ropivacaina
16.
Exp Mol Med ; 30(4): 205-13, 1998 Dec 31.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9894150

RESUMO

Since there have been very few studies on nucleolar signaling, an attempt was made to establish nucleolar signal pathways which link the cell membrane to the nucleolus for the transfer of extracellular signals. Two pathways were studied. One was the G alpha s mediated cAMP pathway where two signal molecules were yielded, including RII and protein kinase A. The other was the G alpha q mediated DAG/IP3 pathway which yields two signals including protein kinase C and IP3/Ca2+. By the studying isolated nucleoli from resting liver, regenerating liver or weak carcinogen thioacetamide treated liver, it was possible to detect protein kinase A (PKA), protein kinase C (PKC) and RII subunits. In addition, CK2 was detected. It was found that external signals transmitted through G protein coupled receptors could reach into the nucleolus and that physical translocation of signal molecules was an integral step involved in membrane-nucleolus linked pathways. When an in vitro assay of the above signal molecules was carried out using [gamma-32P]-ATP, most kinase dependent phosphorylation was via the major CK2 (more than 95%). Therefore, it is suggested that the major CK2 dependent pathway is involved in 'house keeping' for nucleolar integrity and the minor pathways, dependent on PKA, PKC and others, are involved in subtle regulatory mechanisms such as 'extra-house-keeping' activities by nucleolar chromosomal remodeling.


Assuntos
Nucléolo Celular/metabolismo , Proteínas Nucleares/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais , Animais , Western Blotting , Caseína Quinase II , Membrana Celular/metabolismo , Proteínas Quinases Dependentes de AMP Cíclico/metabolismo , Proteínas de Ligação ao GTP/metabolismo , Immunoblotting , Fígado/metabolismo , Neoplasias Hepáticas Experimentais , Masculino , Modelos Biológicos , Fosfoproteínas/metabolismo , Proteína Quinase C/metabolismo , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinases/metabolismo , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Sistemas do Segundo Mensageiro , Tioacetamida/farmacologia , Fatores de Tempo
17.
J Cancer Res Clin Oncol ; 126(8): 455-60, 2000 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10961388

RESUMO

Hydroxyurea, a differentiation-inducing agent of human erythroleukemia K562 cells, is commonly used to treat some types of leukemia. However, the mechanism for its therapeutic effect is not clearly understood yet. In this study, we have observed an interesting effect of hydroxyurea on tumor cells: an induction of senescence-like changes. Human erythroleukemia K562 cells, when treated with hydroxyurea for 7 days or more, underwent a change into phenotypically senescent cells together with a reduction of hemoglobin generation, a differentiation marker. The hydroxyurea-treated cells showed positive senescence associated-beta-galactosidase staining, a senescence index, and the accumulation of cdk (cyclin dependent kinase) inhibitors, such as p16INK4a, p21Waf1, and p27Kip1, implicated in cellular senescence. Nonetheless, these changes were not accompanied by DNA fragmentation. Taken together, we summarize that the long-term treatment of cancer cells with hydroxyurea can induce cellular senescence different from differentiation or programmed cell death.


Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Senescência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Hidroxiureia/farmacologia , Células K562/efeitos dos fármacos , Leucemia Eritroblástica Aguda/tratamento farmacológico , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Diferenciação Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Quinases Ciclina-Dependentes/antagonistas & inibidores , DNA de Neoplasias/análise , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Eletroforese em Gel de Ágar , Inibidores Enzimáticos/farmacologia , Humanos , Hidroxiureia/uso terapêutico , Células K562/patologia , beta-Galactosidase/análise
18.
Am J Infect Control ; 28(6): 454-8, 2000 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11114615

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The goals of a surveillance for nosocomial infections (NIs) are to observe the magnitude and characteristics of NIs and to plan and evaluate policies and guidelines of infection control. This study was designed to determine the rate and distribution of NIs and their causative pathogens in Korean hospitals. METHODS: Prospective surveillance was performed at 15 acute care hospitals with more than 500 beds during a 3-month period from June to August 1996. The case-finding methods were laboratory-based surveillance for patients in the general wards and a direct review of medical charts done regularly for all the patients in the intensive care units. RESULTS: A total of 3162 NIs were found among 85,547 discharged patients, with an overall nosocomial infection rate of 3.70 per 100 patients discharged. Urinary tract infections constituted 30.3% of all NIs. Other infections were pneumonias, 17.2%, surgical site infections, 15.5%, and primary bloodstream infections, 14.5%. The infection rate was the highest in neurosurgery (14.21), followed by neurology (8. 62) and ontology services (6.70). The infection rate in intensive care units was higher than it was in the general wards (10.74 vs 2. 57, P =.001). The commonly isolated organisms were Staphylococcus aureus (17.2%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (13.8%), and Escherichia coli (12.3%). CONCLUSIONS: This first multicenter surveillance study provided extensive information on the current status and trends of NIs in major hospitals in Korea. The results may contribute to the evaluation of infection control programs and the development of effective strategies in these hospitals.


Assuntos
Infecção Hospitalar/epidemiologia , Infecção Hospitalar/etiologia , Controle de Infecções/métodos , Busca de Comunicante , Infecção Hospitalar/microbiologia , Coleta de Dados , Infecções por Escherichia coli/epidemiologia , Infecções por Escherichia coli/etiologia , Infecções por Escherichia coli/microbiologia , Planejamento em Saúde , Política de Saúde , Número de Leitos em Hospital , Humanos , Coreia (Geográfico)/epidemiologia , Auditoria Médica , Guias de Prática Clínica como Assunto , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Estudos Prospectivos , Infecções por Pseudomonas/epidemiologia , Infecções por Pseudomonas/etiologia , Infecções por Pseudomonas/microbiologia , Fatores de Risco , Infecções Estafilocócicas/epidemiologia , Infecções Estafilocócicas/etiologia , Infecções Estafilocócicas/microbiologia
19.
Transplant Proc ; 44(2): 363-5, 2012 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22410017

RESUMO

PURPOSE: In Korea, living donor transplantation is increasing steadily as a life-saving alternative. It is essential to provide living donors the mental and physical care they need throughout their lives including postoperative period. Therefore, this study explored postoperative pain among living liver donors. METHODS: We used a convenience sampling at a university-affiliated hospital from March 1 to August 30, 2009 including 102 subjects. Face-to-face interviews with questionnaires and medical records were used to assess postoperative pain levels, state and trait anxiety as well as satisfaction. Data were analyzed using SPSS 14.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Ill, USA). RESULTS: Average age of donors was 28.9±7.7 years (ranged 16 to 53) with 70.6% male. Most donors (80.4%, n=82) were immediate family members. Ninety-one (89.2%) participants made the decision by themselves. To control postoperative pain, all participants had patient-controlled anesthesia with several types of analgesics as prescribed by physician's preference. The mean values of state anxiety, trait anxiety, and satisfaction in this study were 2.1±1.89, 36.7±7.25 and, 8.9±1.79, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that trait anxiety and number of analgesics use were significantly associated with postoperative pain. Overall, approximately 29.7% of total variability in postoperative pain could be explained by the nine variables in this model (R2=0.297, F9,102=4.28, (P<.001). There was no multicollinearity checked by tolerance, variation inflation factor, or condition index. CONCLUSION: This study of postoperative pain among living liver donors may contribute to developing the safest, most effective strategy to relieve postoperative pain after living liver donation.


Assuntos
Hepatectomia/efeitos adversos , Transplante de Fígado/efeitos adversos , Doadores Vivos , Dor Pós-Operatória/etiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Analgesia Controlada pelo Paciente , Analgésicos/uso terapêutico , Ansiedade/etiologia , Quimioterapia Combinada , Feminino , Hospitais Universitários , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Medição da Dor , Dor Pós-Operatória/diagnóstico , Dor Pós-Operatória/tratamento farmacológico , Dor Pós-Operatória/psicologia , Satisfação do Paciente , República da Coreia , Medição de Risco , Fatores de Risco , Inquéritos e Questionários , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto Jovem
20.
Oncogene ; 30(4): 398-409, 2011 Jan 27.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20838379

RESUMO

Abnormal regulation of gene expression is essential for tumorigenesis. Recent studies indicate that regulation of oncogene expression and neoplastic transformation are controlled by subunits of eukaryotic translation initiation factors (eIFs). Here we focused on eIF3 performing a pivotal role in protein synthesis and the differential expression of its subunits in cancer. The most uncharacterized non-core subunit eIF3m was confirmed to be highly expressed in human cancer cell lines and colon cancer patient tissues. By expression silencing with eIF3m-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA), we confirmed that eIF3m influences cell proliferation, cell cycle progression and cell death in human colon cancer cell line HCT-116. Using a ribonomics approach, we identified a subset of elF3m-influenced genes and showed that the expression of two highly represented tumorigenesis-related genes, MIF and MT2, were affected by eIF3m at the mRNA level. We also confirmed eIF3m-dependent regulation of MT2A downstream molecule CDC25A, which is necessary for cell cycle progression in HCT-116 cells. These results suggest that eIF3m mediates regulation of tumorigenesis-related genes in human colon cancer. Further investigations on tumorigenesis-related genes and their regulation by eIFs will provide clues for designing targeted therapy for cancer.


Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/genética , Neoplasias do Colo/genética , Fator de Iniciação 3 em Eucariotos/metabolismo , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica/fisiologia , Adenocarcinoma/metabolismo , Northern Blotting , Western Blotting , Neoplasias do Colo/metabolismo , Células HCT116 , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , RNA Interferente Pequeno , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA