Comprehensive Analysis of CDK1-Associated ceRNA Network Revealing the Key Pathways LINC00460/LINC00525-Hsa-Mir-338-FAM111/ZWINT as Prognostic Biomarkers in Lung Adenocarcinoma Combined with Experiments.

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide, and effective biomarkers are still lacking for early detection and prognosis prediction. Here, based on gene expression profiles of LUAD patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), 806 long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), 122 microRNAs (miRNAs) and 1269 mRNAs associated with CDK1 were identified. The regulatory axis of LINC00460/LINC00525-hsa-mir-338-FAM111B/ZWINT was determined according to the correlation between gene expression and patient prognosis. The abnormal up-regulation of FAM111B/ZWINT in LUAD was related to hypomethylation. Furthermore, immune infiltration analysis suggested FAM111B/ZWINT could affect the development and prognosis of cancer by regulating the LUAD immune microenvironment. EMT feature analysis suggested that FAM111B/ZWINT promoted tumor spread through the EMT process. Functional analysis showed FAM111B/ZWINT was involved in cell cycle events such as DNA replication and chromosome separation. We analyzed the HERB and GSCALite databases to identify potential target medicines that may play a role in the treatment of LUAD. Finally, the expression of LINC00460/LINC00525-hsa-mir-338-FAM111B/ZWINT axis was verified in LUAD cells by RT-qPCR, and these results were consistent with bioinformatics analysis. Overall, we constructed a CDK1-related ceRNA network and revealed the LINC00460/LINC00525-hsa-mir-338-FAM111/ZWINT pathways as potential diagnostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets of LUAD.

Biosafety risk assessment of nanoparticles: Evidence from food case studies.

Nanotechnology provides a wide range of benefits in the food industry in improving food tastes, textures, sensations, quality, shelf life, and food safety. Recently, potential adverse effects such as toxicity and safety concerns have been associated with the increasing use of engineered nanoparticles in food industry. Additionally, very limited information is known concerning the behavior, properties and effects of food nano-materials in the gastrointestinal tract. There is explores the current advances and provides insights of the potential risks of nanoparticles in the food industry. Specifically, characteristics of food nanoparticles and their absorption in the gastrointestinal tract, the effects of food nanoparticles against the gastrointestinal microflora, and the potential toxicity mechanisms in different organs and body systems are discussed. This review would provide references for further investigation of nano-materials toxicity effect in foods and their molecular mechanisms. It will help to develop safer foods and expand nano-materials applications in safe manner.

MicroRNA Response and Toxicity of Potential Pathways in Human Colon Cancer Cells Exposed to Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles.

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) are widely used for biomedical and food applications, the toxicity of TiO2-NPs in vivo and in vitro has been elucidated, but the underlying cytotoxicity of TiO2-NPs against microRNA remains largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to analyze microRNA profiling induced by TiO2-NPs against NCM460 and HCT116 cell lines. Comparative analysis identified 34 and 24 microRNAs were significantly altered in the TiO2-NPs treated cells at concentrations of 3 and 30 µg/mL, respectively. Functional classification demonstrated that a large proportion of genes involved in metabolism, human disease, and environmental information process were significantly upregulated by TiO2-NPs. Bioinformatics analysis suggested that microRNA 378 might be an early indicator of cellular response to exogenous stimuli with apoptotic signals. Furthermore, TiO2-NPs significantly altered the expression of microRNA 378b and 378g in HCT116 and NCM460 cell lines at different concentrations from 3 to 6 µg/mL. These concentrations elicit high-sensitivity of stimuli response in colon cancer cells when exposed to the slight doses of TiO2-NPs. Our study indicated that microRNAs 378b and 378g may play an important role in TiO2-NPs-mediated colonic cytotoxicity, which may provide a valuable insight into the molecular mechanisms of potential risks in colitis and colon cancer.

Association of MMP9-1562C/T and MMP13-77A/G Polymorphisms with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in Southern Chinese Population.

BACKGROUND: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are capable of degrading and modifying most components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and the basal membrane (BM), and play crucial roles in cancer invasion and metastasis. MMP gene expressions were regulated primarily at the transcriptional level, which was associated with tumor spread and patient prognosis. Polymorphisms in MMPs have been reported to be associated with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The objective of this study aim to evaluate the serum levels and polymorphisms of MMP-9 and MMP-13 in non-small cell lung cancer patients compared to normal subjects and their correlation to non-small cell lung cancer histopathology findings in Southern Chinese people. METHODS: This case⁻control study included 245 patients with NSCLC and 258 healthy controls. Genomic DNA was extracted by using DNA extraction kit, genotyping was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and direct DNA sequencing, and serum levels of MMP-9 and MMP-13 were measured by using a specific ELISA, Human Matrix Metalloproteinase Enzyme Immunoassay Kits. Statistical analysis was carried out using the SPSS 23.0 software package. RESULTS: The subjects carrying the TT genotype had a decreased risk of lung cancer in MMP9-1562C/T comparing with the CC genotype (p = 0.00, OR = 0.45, 95% CI = 0.29⁻0.68), and the MMP13-77 AA genotype was associated with a decreased risk of NSCLC by comparing with the GG genotype (p = 0.03, OR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.33⁻0.94). Moreover, the C allele of MMP9-1562C/T could increase serum level of NSCLC in compared with the A allele (OR = 1.19, 95% CI = 0.75⁻1.89). Similarly, the AA genotype of MMP13 might be a marker of decreased serum level of lung cancer (OR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.51⁻1.14). CONCLUSIONS: The results of these analyses underline the support of the notion that the CC genotype of MMP9-1562C/T and GG genotypes of MMP13-77G/A were associated with the increased risk NSCLC, and the serum levels of MMP9 and MMP13 were consistent with the results of the SNP analysis. MMP13 and MMP9 might be function as a key oncogene in NSCLC with a Southern Chinese population. Combined detection of SNP and enzyme activity between MMP9 and MMP13 are expected to be a potential diagnostic method of non-small cell lung cancer.

Down-regulation of microRNA-200b is a potential prognostic marker of lung cancer in southern-central Chinese population.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) may regulate diverse biological processes and play an important role in cancer. And MiRNAs have been proposed as a useful tool for lung cancer diagnosis and therapeutics in cancer. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the association among the expression level of mature miR-200b-5p in peripheral blood and the risk of lung cancer and clinic pathological characteristics. This case-control study included 24 patients with lung cancer and 12 healthy controls. MiR-200b expression was deleted using real-time PCR. and the miR-200b expression of normal controls was significantly higher than that in lung cancer patients (1732.13 pg/mL vs 881.67 pg/mL, P < 0.05), no difference with age, sex, tissue type and clinical stage of lung cancer patients (P > 0.05). Furthermore, miR-200b expression level fluctuated with tumor progression in lung cancer, and there was highly significant for clinical stage II compared with the clinical stage III (P < 0.05). In addition, the down-regulation of miR-200b showed a highly discriminative receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve profile, clearly distinguishing cancer patients from cancer-free subjects with an area under the ROC curve (AUROC) of 0.87. The detection of miR-200b expression yielded 83.30% sensitivity and 100.00% specificity in the diagnosis of lung cancer. Therefore, these findings suggested that miR-200b may be used as a marker for the detection and diagnosis of lung cancer in peripheral blood.

Isolation, genetic identification and degradation characteristics of COD-degrading bacterial strain in slaughter wastewater.

Contamination of water by meat production is an important and extensive environmental problem and even threat to human health. Biodegradation is a major mechanism which removes the pollutants from the environment. Therefore, the present study aimed to isolate and characterize a COD degrading bacteria which can effectively degrade slaughter wastewater. Six COD degrading bacteria were isolated from slaughtering waste water and sludge in Hunan a meat product Co., Ltd. And the COD degradation rate of each strain was determined by potassium permanganate method. Through observing morphologically and analyzing sequence to 16S rDNA, the highest COD degradation strain was Bacillus velezensis by preliminarily identified and classified, reaching 11.80%. The suitable conditions of the growth of Bacillus velezensis strain were 37 °C, pH 7.0, the peptone concentration 1.5%, and the yeast extract concentration 0.8%.