[Cerebral and meningeal manifestations of AIDS: sensitivity of CT and T2-weighted MRT (129 patients)]. / Zerebrale und meningeale Manifestation des AIDS: Sensitivität von CT und T2-gewichteter MRT (129 Patienten).

We studied 129 AIDS patients with suspected or proved intracranial manifestations of the disease. The purpose of this study was to compare the diagnostic sensitivity of unenhanced and contrast enhanced CT and unenhanced T2-weighted MR. In 35/129 patients CT and MR findings were normal. In 37/129 patients equivalent findings were obtained with both methods. Although CT and MR demonstrated intracranial pathology in 25 cases, MR was clearly superior. Six of these cases had solitary lesions in CT, while MR demonstrated multiple lesions. MR detected more foci than CT. In 24 patients with normal CT, MR detected intracranial manifestations of AIDS, namely solitary lesions in 8, multiple lesions in 12 and meningeal alterations in 4 patients. In only 8 patients with normal MR findings, CT revealed pathological contrast enhancement in 2 and parenchymal calcifications in 6 patients. Thus, in 20% of our patients MR but not CT was diagnostic. In another 20% MR provided additional diagnostic information. In conclusion, MR is recommended as the imaging modality of choice in AIDS patients with non-conclusive cranial CT.

[Catheter-induced vascular lesions: a comparison of the diagnostic value of Doppler color sonography versus angiography]. / Katheterbedingte Gefässläsionen: ein Vergleich der diagnostischen Wertigkeit der Farb-Doppler-Sonographie gegenüber der Angiographie.

One hundred and thirty-two patients with suspected lesions of the femoral arteries following diagnostic and/or therapeutic cardiac catheterisation were studied by colour Doppler sonography (CDS) and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and the results were compared. CDS was unable to demonstrate 5 out of 23 av fistulae. Intra-arterial DSA showed all av fistulae found at operation. CDS showed lower reliability (95%) than DSA (100%) for the demonstration of pseudoaneurysms. CDS can indicate hematoma and thrombi in pseudo-aneurysms and their exact extent is better shown by sonography. Arterial dissections (2 cases) and intra-luminal thromboses or occlusions of the femoral artery (4 cases) are shown equally well by the two procedures.

[Color duplex sonography of liver transplantation. The vascular status]. / Farbduplexsonographie vor Lebertransplantation. Der Gefässstatus.

The present study deals with the value of CDS in liver transplantation. Between September 1988 and October 1991 CDS of hepatic vessels was carried out in 194 liver transplants. Flow direction and flow velocity in the portal vein could be demonstrated in 97%. Measurement of flow velocity indicates the extent of portal hypertension; this can be confirmed by determining flow direction in the splenic and superior mesenteric veins. In 47 of 179 patients venous collaterals were demonstrated and in 15 of 179 patients there was retrograde flow in the splenic vein. In 95% of patients CDS indicated flow direction in the hepatic artery and in 93% in the hepatic veins. Thrombosis of liver vessels (portal and hepatic veins) was demonstrated in 11 out of 13 patients by means of CDS.

[Use of Ga-67 SPECT in patients with malignant lymphoma after primary chemotherapy for further treatment planning: comparison with spiral CT]. / Einsatz der Ga-67-SPECT bei Patienten mit malignen Lymphomen nach primärer Chemotherapie für die weitere Therapieplanung: Vergleich mit einem Spiral-CT.

PURPOSE: To compare the diagnostic value of gallium scintigraphy using a SPECT technique with spiral CT for evaluating activity following chemotherapy in patients with malignant lymphoma and to determine treatment options. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The results of gallium scintigraphy in 28 patients with malignant lymphoma (19 Hodgkin's disease, 9 high grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma) following curative treatment were compared with the CT morphology in relation to inactive regions and residual masses. RESULTS: Ga-67-SPECT proved superior to CT for evaluating the activity in 85 initially involved nodes (sensitivity 94.4% against 83.3%; specificity 100% against 92.5%). It was, however, inferior for demonstrating organ involvement in 28 instances. In seven patients with residual masses, Ga-67-SPECT directly affected staging and further therapy. CONCLUSION: The increasing use of secondary treatment schemes for curative purposes makes Ga-67-SPECT a suitable method for the early recognition of residual activity in Hodgkin's disease and high grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

[Lung activity in 201Tl myocardial scintigraphy: distribution and correlation with hemodynamic parameters]. / Die Lungenaktivität in der 201Tl-Myokardszintigraphie: Verteilung und Korrelation zu hämodynamischen Parametern.

UNLABELLED: The aim of this study was 1. to investigate whether the pulmonary activity in 201Tl myocardial scintigraphy can be accurately quantified from the anterior SPECT projection, 2. to determine the pattern of the intrapulmonary Tl distribution, and 3. to assess the influence of parameters of left ventricular function on the lung/heart ratio (LHR). Scintigraphic images of 85 patients were analysed. In 24 patients planar anterior imaging of the thorax was performed in addition to myocardial SPECT, in 41 patients radionuclide ventriculography was performed within 4 weeks after Tl scintigraphy. IN CONCLUSION: 1. pulmonary Tl-content can be quantitated from the anterior SPECT projection with sufficient accuracy, 2. a lower thallium activity was registered over the apical part of the lung as compared to the basal part, and 3. in the multiple regression analysis the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) during exercise and heart rate during exercise (HRex) exhibited the strongest relation to LHR. After correction with regard to HRex the elevated LHR points to a pathological LVEF during exercise.

[Catheter-induced femoral artery lesions: diagnosis with B-mode ultrasound, Doppler ultrasound and color Doppler ultrasound]. / Katheterbedingte Femoralgefässläsionen: Diagnose mittels B-mode-Sonographie, Dopplersonographie und Farbdopplersonographie.

A total of 44 patients were evaluated to compare the value of B-mode sonography, Doppler sonography and colour coded Doppler sonography. All patients were studied because of suspected lesions of the femoral arteries following diagnostic and/or therapeutic cardiac catheterisation. B-mode sonography was unable to reliably differentiate between haematoma and pseudo-aneurysms, a.v.-fistula or combined lesions. Colour coded Doppler sonography can better demonstrate haematoma and thrombi in pseudo-aneurysms. The neck of a pseudoaneurysm can be exactly depicted by colour coded Doppler sonography. A.v.-fistula is shown by colour coded Doppler sonography based on typical colour coding and the Doppler spectrum. Combined lesions of pseudo-aneurysm and a.v.-fistula cannot reliably be detected by colour coded Doppler sonography, duplex sonography and B-mode sonography.