[Level of phytohormones in various types of symbiotic pea mutants]. / Izuchenie urovnia fitogormonov u raznykh tipov simbioticheskikh mutantov gorokha.

The levels of the phytohormones auxin and gibberellin were studied in the original pea (Pisum sativum L.) cultivars Rondo and Ramonskii 77 and in different types of symbiotic mutants (non-nodulating, with single nodules, and supernodulating) induced from them. The results obtained indicated that the levels of the phytohormones in the symbiotic mutants depend on the plant's genotype, developmental phase, and infection with rhizobia. Two mutants were isolated whose phytohormonal statuses markedly differed from the original forms. These mutants may be used for identification of the genes that determine the auxin and gibberellin statuses.

[Effect of intranasal administration of dopamine on anxiety and locomotor activity of two lines of mice].

Intranasal administration of dopamine (0.3; 3 and 30 microg/kg) on anxious behaviour of mice was studied using elevated plus-maze and open fields tests and the pinch-induced catalepsy on parallel bars test. Dopamine was introduced as nose drops or inhalation of nanoparticles of the compound solution in C57B1/6J and CBA/Lac mice with differences of dopaminergic function features. In our experiment, dopamine had anxiolytic and elevated motor activity effects in C57B1/6J, but not in the CBA/Lac mice. Nose drops were more effective than inhalation; perhaps, it was a more stressful manipulation. Apparently dopamine increased the number of CBA/Lac mice who demonstrated catalepsy and the reflex duration. Indeed, the neurotransmitter is active in different psycho-emotional phenomena.

[Effect of phenobarbital and thyroxine on hepatocarcinogenesis initiated in mice by nitrosoethylurea and diethylnitrosamine].

13-14-day old mice of ICR and CBA strains were given a single intraperitoneal injection of nitrosoethylurea (80 mg/kg) or diethylnitrosamine (50 mg/kg). 2 weeks later, they were given drinking water containing phenobarbital (1 g/L) or thyroxine (2 mg/L). The control mice were given only tap water. 29.4% of male and 42.1% of female ICR mice who had received nitrosoethylurea died of leukemia within 3-6 months after the carcinogen treatment. There was no case of leukemia in mice treated with diethylnitrosamine. Nitrosoethylurea induced 3-more often lung adenomas than diethylnitrosamine. Phenobarbital and thyroxine did not affect development of either leukemias or lung adenomas. By contrast, phenobarbital significantly elevated the number and size of hepatic lesions, whereas thyroxine markedly decreased them in all the experiments. The total and free thyroxine levels were significantly decreased in the blood of mice given phenobarbital and increased in mice given thyroxine. The data obtained indicate that thyroid hormones suppress tumor development in the mouse liver and that the promotion of hepatic tumoro-genesis by phenobarbital is presumably caused by the elimination of this suppressing effect of the thyroid hormones.

[Effect of gibberellic acid on RNA synthesis in dwarf peas]. / Vliianie gibberellovoi kisloty na sintez RNK u karlikovogo gorokha.

The effect of gibberellic acid (GA) on total RNA and polysomal poly-[A]+-RNA synthesis in epicotylia and embryos of dwarf pea of two varieties differing in their physiological sensitivity to GA was studied. It was found that incubation with GA increases the accumulation of total RNA in pea epicotylia, var. "Pioner" and "Polzunok". The maximal stimulation of RNA accumulation makes up to 40% for the low sensitivity variety "Polzunok" and 150% for the highly sensitive variety "Pioner". GA increases the synthesis of polysomal poly (A)+-mRNA in 5-year-old pea sprouts and that of newly synthesized poly (A)+-mRNA in epicotylian polysomes of both varieties 5, 24, 48 and 72 hrs after incubation with GA. GA at concentrations of 10(-6) and 10(-5) stimulates the incorporation of [3H]uridine into polysomal mRNA during the first 1--3 hours after treatment and enhances the accumulation of newly synthesized mRNA in pea embryonic polyribosomes. The stimulating effect is directly proportional to the dose of the hormone. The mechanisms of GA effect on the transcription and translation in pea plant cells are discussed.