Barrel-Shaped-Polyoxometalates Exhibiting Electrocatalytic Water Reduction at Neutral pH: A Synergy Effect.

Two copper-based barrel-shaped polyoxometalates (POMs), namely, [{H3O}4{Na6(H2O)22}][{CuI (H2O)3}2{CuII (H2O)}3{B-α-BiIIIWVI9O33}2]·7H2O (NaCu-POM) and Li4[{NH4}2{H3O}3{Li(H2O)5}][{CuII(SH)}{(CuIICuI1.5)(B-α-BiIIIWVI9O33)}2]·9H2O (LiCu-POM) have been synthesized and structurally characterized. The single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses of NaCu-POM and LiCu-POM reveal the presence of penta- and hexa-nuclear copper wheels per formula units, respectively; these copper wheels are sandwiched between two lacunary Keggin anions {B-α-BiIIIWVI9O33}9- (BiW9) to form the barrel-shaped title POM compounds. In both the compounds NaCu-POM and LiCu-POM, the mixed-valent copper centers are present in their respective penta- and hexa-nuclear copper wheels, established by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) as well as by bond valence sum (BVS) calculations. Compound LiCu-POM additionally shows the presence of a sulfhydryl ligand (SH-), coordinated to one of the copper centers of its {Cu6}-wheel, that is expected to be generated from the in situ reduction of sulfate anion present in the concerned reaction mixture (lithium-ion in ammonia solution may be the reducing agent). Interestingly, the title compounds, NaCu-POM and LiCu-POM exhibit an efficient electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) by reducing water at neutral pH. Detailed electrochemical studies including controlled experiments indicate that the active sites for this electrocatalysis are the W(VI) centers of the title compounds, not the copper centers. However, a relevant tri-lacunary Keggin cluster anion {PVWVI9O33}7- (devoid of copper ion) does not show comparable HER as shown by the title compounds. The intra-cluster cooperative interactions of the mixed-valent copper centers (CuII/CuI) with the tungsten centers (W6+) make the overall system electrocatalytically active toward water reduction to molecular hydrogen at neutral pH. High Faradaic efficiencies (89 and 92%) and turnover frequencies (1.598 s-1 and 1.117 s-1) make the title compounds NaCu-POM and LiCu-POM efficient catalysts toward electrochemical water reduction to molecular hydrogen.

Discovery of ( ±)-3-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-6,7-dihydro-5H-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4] thiadiazine derivatives with promising in vitro anticoronavirus and antitumoral activity.

A new series of ( ±)-(3-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-6-phenyl-6,7-dihydro-5H-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazin-7-yl)(phenyl)methanones were efficiently synthesized starting from 4-amino-5-hydrazinyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol 1, acetyl acetone 2, various aromatic and heterocyclic aldehydes 3 and phenacyl bromides 4. All the newly synthesized compounds were tested for their antiviral and antitumoral activity. It was shown that subtle structural variations on the phenyl moiety allowed to tune biological properties toward antiviral or antitumoral activity. Mode-of-action studies revealed that the antitumoral activity was due to inhibition of tubulin polymerization.

(Methanol-κO)-cis-dioxido{(4Z,N'E)-N'-[(Z)-4-oxido-4-phenyl-but-3-en-2-yl-idene]iso-nicotino-hydrazidato}molybdenum(VI).

In the title complex, [Mo(C16H13N3O2)O2(CH3OH)], the deprotonated Schiff base (E)-N'-[(Z)-4-oxido-4-phenyl-but-3-en-2-yl-idene]isonicotinohydrazide coordinates in a meridional fashion through the enolate O-, imine N- and amidate O-atom donors to the Mo atom of a cis-[MoO2](2+) core. The sixth coordination site of molybdenum is occupied by the O atom of a methanol mol-ecule. In this complex, the NO5 coordination sphere adopts a distorted octa-hedral coordination geometry. The metal atom is shifted by 0.335 (1) Šfrom the square plane defined by the three donor atoms of the Schiff base ligand and one oxide group towards the second oxide group in the cis position. In the crystal, the complex forms inversion dimers through a pair of O-H⋯N hydrogen bonds involving the methanol -OH group and the pyridine N atom. Additional C-H⋯O contacts stack the mol-ecules along the b axis.

Carbonate encapsulation from dissolved atmospheric CO2 into a polyoxovanadate capsule.

An aqueous synthesis, involving the reduction of the VO3- anion in a mild alkaline pH in the presence of α-Bi2O3, led to the formation of a fully reduced polyoxovanadate (POV) capsule, with CO32- anion encapsulation in its internal cavity, in the compound [Na6(H2O)24][H8VO36(CO3)]·3N2H4·10H2O (1). This CO32- anion encapsulation, the source of which is absorbed aerial CO2 in the pertinent aqueous alkaline reaction mixture, occurs only in the presence of α-Bi2O3. Compound 1 crystals, upon exposure to HCl acid vapor, exclude CO2 gas that can react with the Grignard reagent (PhMgBr) to form triphenylcarbinol and benzoic acid; during this solid-vapor interface reaction, compound 1 itself transforms into an amorphous material that includes the Cl- anion but could not be characterized unambiguously. Thus, we have synthesized a chloride ion (Cl-) encapsulated compound [Na10(H2O)24][H3VO36(Cl)]·6H2O (2) in a direct synthesis protocol, which has been characterized by crystallography as well as by other spectroscopic methods. Compounds 1 and 2, each having fifteen vanadium(iv) centers, exhibit interesting magnetism in their solid states. The temperature-dependent magnetic susceptibilities for compounds 1 and 2 have been recordred at 0.1 T in the temperature range of 3-300 K. The temperature-dependent magnetic susceptibilities of compounds 1 and 2 are shown in the form of χMvs. T and their product χMT vs. T plots.

cis-{MoO2}(2+) assisted Mannich-type addition of acetylacetonate methine to the azomethine of tridentate Schiff bases: racemic complexes with chiral transformed ligands.

Reactions of [MoO2(acac)2] (acac(-) = acetylacetonate) with the potential N2O-donor 5,5-membered fused chelate rings forming Schiff bases 2-(2-pyridylaldimine)ethanol (HL(1)) and 4/5-R-2-(2-pyridylaldimine)phenols (HL(n); n = 2-5 for R = H, 4-Cl, 4-Me and 5-Me, respectively) lead to the facile formation of racemic complexes of the general formula cis-[MoO2(acacL(1-5))] () in 80-85% yield. Here, (acacL(n))(2-) represents a chiral N2O2-donor ligand system formed by a novel Mannich-type reaction that involves acetylacetonate and the azomethine fragment of HL(n) both coordinated to the cis-{MoO2}(2+) unit. The characterization of has been performed with the help of microanalytical (CHN), spectroscopic (ESI-MS, IR, UV-Vis and (1)H- and (13)C-NMR) and electrochemical measurements. The molecular structures of all the complexes except for are authenticated by single crystal X-ray crystallography. The Mo(vi) center in each of these analogous complexes is in a distorted octahedral N2O4 coordination sphere assembled by the chiral N2O2-donor transformed ligand (acacL(n))(2-) and the two mutually cis-oriented oxo ligands. In the crystal lattice, each of exists as a centrosymmetric discrete dimer via a pair of reciprocal N-HO hydrogen bonds between its enantiomeric pairs.