Minimally invasive surgery versus laparotomy for radical hysterectomy in the management of early-stage cervical cancer: Survival outcomes.

OBJECTIVE: To compare oncologic and perioperative outcomes in patients who underwent minimally invasive surgery (MIS) compared to laparotomy for newly diagnosed early-stage cervical carcinoma. METHODS: We retrospectively identified patients who underwent radical hysterectomy for stage IA1 with lymphovascular invasion (LVI), IA2, or IB1 cervical carcinoma at our institution from 1/2007-12/2017. Clinicopathologic characteristics and surgical and oncologic survival outcomes were compared using appropriate statistical testing. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was used to control for potential confounders. RESULTS: We identified 196 evaluable cases-117 MIS (106 robotic [90.6%]) and 79 laparotomy cases. Cohorts had similar age, BMI, substage, histologic subtype, clinical and pathologic tumor size, positive margins, and presence of LVI. The MIS group had more cases with no residual tumor in the hysterectomy (24.8% vs. 10.1%, P = 0.01). The laparotomy group had more cases with positive nodes (29.1% vs. 17.1%, P = 0.046) and more patients who received adjuvant therapy (53.2% vs. 33.3%, P = 0.006). Median follow-up was ~4 years. Five-year disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 87.0% in the MIS group and 86.6% in the laparotomy group (P = 0.92); 5-year disease-specific survival (DSS) rates were 96.5% and 93.9%, respectively (P = 0.93); and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 96.5% and 87.4%, respectively (P = 0.15). MIS was not associated with DFS, DSS, or OS on multivariable regression analysis. The rate of postoperative complications was significantly lower in the MIS cohort (11.1% vs. 20.3%; P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: MIS radical hysterectomy for cervical carcinoma did not confer worse oncologic outcomes in our single-center and concurrent series of patients with early-stage cervical carcinoma.

A Randomized Trial of Prophylactic Extended Carboplatin Infusion to Reduce Hypersensitivity Reactions in Recurrent Ovarian Cancer.

OBJECTIVE: Hypersensitivity with repeated exposure to platinum agents is common and can preclude continued treatment, even in patients with disease that remains platinum sensitive. We sought to compare the effects of prophylactic, extended carboplatin infusion versus standard infusion on the rate of carboplatin hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) in women with recurrent ovarian cancer. METHODS: This was a single-institution, randomized, nonblinded trial comparing a graded, 3-hour extended infusion of carboplatin with a standard 30-minute infusion in patients with recurrent ovarian cancer who were enrolled from January 2011 to April 2015. The study was designed to detect a decrease in the HSR rate from 20% (standard infusion) to 5% (extended infusion) assuming a type 1 error of 10% and power of 80% using a 1-sided test. RESULTS: Of 146 enrolled patients, 114 were evaluable. Fifteen (13%) had an HSR-11% (6/56) in the extended-infusion and 16% (9/58) in the standard-infusion groups (P = 0.582). Planned treatment completion was achieved in 50 (89%) of 56 patients and 49 (84%) of 58 patients, respectively. Of 25 patients who received single-agent carboplatin, 8 (32%) had an HSR (53% of all patients who had an HSR [8/15]). Of 23 patients who received carboplatin with gemcitabine, 4 (17%) had an HSR (27% of all patients who had an HSR [4/15]). Of 8 patients who received carboplatin with paclitaxel, 3 (38%) had an HSR (20% of all patients who had an HSR [3/15]). There were no HSRs with pegylated liposomal doxorubicin, the most commonly given concurrent chemotherapy (46% of all patients). CONCLUSIONS: A prophylactic, extended carboplatin infusion was not associated with a decreased HSR rate. The overall low HSR rate suggests that premedication may help reduce HSRs.

Does the benefit of sentinel node frozen section vary between patients with invasive duct, invasive lobular, and favorable histologic subtypes of breast cancer?

BACKGROUND: Although many questions regarding sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy in breast cancer have been answered by observational studies and, increasingly, by prospective trials, the role of intraoperative SLN assessment remains a matter of debate. Here we report in detail the results of intraoperative SLN assessment by frozen section (FS), with particular attention to variations in sensitivity and yield by histologic subtype, by tumor size, and by other clinicopathologic parameters. METHODS: Five thousand two hundred ninety-eight consecutive patients with clinical stage T1-3N0 invasive breast carcinoma had SLN biopsy with intraoperative FS at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center between 1996 and 2004. We report the results of FS by sensitivity (the proportion of all positive SLN detected by FS) and by yield (the proportion of all FS procedures in which the FS was positive). RESULTS: The sensitivity of FS was 61% overall, was higher for invasive duct (ID) than for invasive lobular (IL) cancers (62% vs. 52%; P = 0.006), and was marginally lower for favorable subtypes (46%; P = 0.26). The yield of FS was 21% overall, with no difference between ID and IL cancers (22% vs. 21%; P = 0.49), and with a substantially lower yield for favorable subtypes (3%; P < 0.001). The yield of FS increased with tumor size for ID and IL cancers (P < 0.001), but not for favorable subtypes. For both ID and IL cancers, the sensitivity and yield of FS were significantly higher with younger patient age, increasing tumor size, and lymphovascular invasion. The yield of FS was <10% for all patients with ID or IL tumors < or =1 cm in size who were older than 60 years of age. Among all FS-positive patients, only 45% were identified by the first FS, whereas 91% were cumulatively identified by the first, second, or third FS. CONCLUSIONS: For patients with ID and IL cancers, the overall sensitivity of FS is >50%, but the yield of FS is <10% for individuals > or =60 years of age with T1a/b tumors. Intraoperative FS may not be worthwhile for this low-yield subset, especially for patients with invasive breast cancer of favorable type.