Lacrimal gland abscess in children: Two case reports and literature review.

Acute suppurative bacterial dacryoadenitis (ASBD) with abscess formation is rarely seen in clinical practice. A retrospective review of medical records in the past 8 years identified two unilateral cases in children, one developed presumably after methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) conjunctivitis and the other due to community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) infection. Computerized tomography scans showed globe indentation by the enlarged lacrimal glands with rim-enhancing lesions. After failing to respond to intravenous antibiotics, both abscesses resolved promptly with surgical drainage without any long-term sequelae.

A prospective study on neonatal ophthalmic injuries associated with forceps delivery.

BACKGROUND: Assisted delivery by forceps is needed to expedite vaginal delivery in certain maternal and fetal conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and the extent of ophthalmological injuries in neonates after forceps delivery. METHODS: Women with cephalic fetuses delivered vaginally by forceps from July 2020 to June 2022 were recruited prospectively. Ophthalmologists would be consulted when there were signs of external ophthalmic injuries, such as periorbital forceps marks or facial bruising. Demographic data, pregnancy characteristics, delivery details, and perinatal outcomes were evaluated to identify any associated risk factors for neonatal ophthalmological injuries. RESULTS: A total of 77 forceps deliveries were performed in the study period, in which 20 cases (26%) required ophthalmological consultations. There were more right or left occipital fetal head positions in the group requiring ophthalmological assessment than those that did not require assessment (35% vs 12.3% [P = 0.023]). The degree of moulding of the fetal head was more marked in the former group (65% vs 28% [P = 0.001]). The overall incidence of detectable ophthalmological lesions was 16.9% (13/77). All ophthalmic injuries were mild, and most resolved with conservative management. CONCLUSIONS: In our study cohort, external ophthalmic injuries were common after forceps delivery. We recommended ophthalmological consultation in newborns delivered by forceps with evidence of compressive trauma to rule out serious ophthalmological trauma.

Rapid corneal thinning and perforated ulcerative keratitis in a patient with relapsing polychondritis.

BACKGROUND: To report rapid corneal thinning and perforation in a case with relapsing polychondritis. CASE PRESENTATION: A 43 year-old male diagnosed with relapsing polychondritis suffered from bilateral scleritis, bilateral swelling of pinna, saddle nose and tracheal stenosis. The patient presented with right eye pain and redness for one month. Slit lamp examination of the right eye showed 80% peripheral corneal thinning between 3 and 7 o'clock. The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 1.0 bilaterally. The degree of corneal thinning worsened to 90% after one week of oral corticosteroid use. Subsequently, topical cyclosporine 2% eye drops four times a day, oral doxycycline 100 mg twice a day and oral vitamin C 2 g daily were added. The corneal thinning gradually improved to about 60%. However, the patient rapidly tapered oral prednisolone against medical advice and returned with an acute drop in vision in his right eye. Slit lamp examination of the right eye showed peripheral corneal perforation with iris prolapse. An emergency repair with cyanoacrylate glue was performed. Intravenous methylprednisolone 1 mg/kg body weight was administered for three days and 1 g/day intravenous immunoglobulin was administered every four weeks. At 3 months postoperatively, BCVA in the right eye was 0.6. Slit lamp examination showed a well-formed anterior chamber with glue in situ. CONCLUSIONS: Relapsing polychondritis may be associated with rapid corneal thinning. The clinicians should be aware of the possibility of corneal perforation in these cases. Cyanoacrylate glue is a viable temporary management option in such scenarios.