Distribution of DC Subtypes: CD83+, DC-LAMP+, CD1a+, CD1c+, CD123+, and DC-SIGN+ in the Tumor Microenvironment of Endometrial Cancers-Correlation with Clinicopathologic Features.

Treatment options for endometrial cancer (EC) do not provide satisfactory survival improvement for advanced cases, hence the interest in novel therapies utilizing immunological regulatory mechanisms. Measures to modify the functionality of dendritic cells (DCs) found in TME are intensively investigated, given that DCs play a crucial role in inducing antitumor immunity. Samples of malignant endometrial neoplasms obtained from 94 patients were immunohistochemically stained with selected antibodies. Counts of positively identified DCs were correlated with clinical advancement and histological malignancy of cancers. The most prominent DC subtypes were immature DC-SIGN+ or CD123+. Mature CD83+ DCs were the fewest. We found a significant divergence of grade value distribution between cancers of different DCs' CD1a+ counts. The DC-LAMP+ count was positively associated with grade. Cancers with the least DC CD1c+ or DC CD123+ had higher pT scores than ones that were more heavily infiltrated. ECs can suppress immune cells, hence the predominance of immature DCs in our samples. Associations between DC counts and clinicopathological features of EC were observed only for a few subsets, which was plausibly due to the low diversity of the obtained samples or the small group size. Predictive abilities of particular DC immune subsets within EC's TME remain ambiguous, which calls for further research.

Dendritic Cell Subpopulations Are Associated with Prognostic Characteristics of Breast Cancer after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy-An Observational Study.

Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent malignancy in women and researchers have strived to develop optimal strategies for its diagnosis and management. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), which reduces tumor size, risk of metastasis and patient mortality, often also allows for a de-escalation of breast and axillary surgery. Nonetheless, complete pathological response (pCR) is achieved in no more than 40% of patients who underwent NAC. Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells present in the tumor microenvironment. The multitude of their subtypes was shown to be associated with the pathological and clinical characteristics of BC, but it was not evaluated in BC tissue after NAC. We found that highe r densities of CD123+ plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) were present in tumors that did not show pCR and had a higher residual cancer burden (RCB) score and class. They were of higher stage and grade and more frequently HER2-negative. The density of CD123+ pCDs was an independent predictor of pCR in the studied group. DC-LAMP+ mature DCs (mDCs) were also related to characteristics of clinical relevance (i.e., pCR, RCB, and nuclear grade), although no clear trends were identified. We conclude that CD123+ pDCs are candidates for a novel biomarker of BC response to NAC.

[Fertility-sparing surgical management of ovarian cancer]. / Leczenie chirurgiczne raka jajnika z zachowaniem plodnosci.

INTRODUCTION: Ovarian cancer (OC) continues to be one of the greatest challenges of modern oncology gynecology Most patients are diagnosed in the advanced stage of the disease, which requires aggressive and extensive surgical intervention. In approximately 8% of the cases, OC affects women <40 years of age. Among them, early-stage OC FIGO IA accounts for 40% of the affected individuals, which allows for fertility-sparing surgical management. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of fertility-sparing management in OC women, with tumor limited to one ovary who wish to preserve their fertility MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 43 women with OC limited to one ovary (26 with borderline malignant tumors and 17 with invasive tumor FIGO IA) underwent surgical sparing therapy Disease recurrence rate as the measure of the quality of treatment and the number of pregnancies, together with their course, as the measure of the effectiveness of the fertility-sparing therapy were evaluated. RESULTS: The observation period, from 4-10 years for borderline malignancy and 3-8 years for invasive FIGO IA tumor revealed no cases of disease recurrence. In the former group, 14 (73 %) women conceived, out of whom 2 miscarried before 22 weeks of gestation, 1 give birth pre-term, i.e. at 34 weeks of gestation, 10 (71.5%) gave birth at term, and 1 is pregnant (6 months) at the time of the publication of the study In the later group, 9 (81.8%) women conceived, out of whom 1 miscarried at 10 weeks of gestation, 1 had a case of intrauterine fetal demise at 27 weeks of gestation, 6 gave birth at term, and 1 is pregnant (3 months) at the time of the publication of the study CONCLUSIONS: Proper patients selection for fertility-sparing management, as well as the way of performing the surgery allow for adequate control of the malignant process in patients with tumor limited to one ovary and preservation of fertility

[Conization and radical vaginal trachelectomy with laparoscopic lymphadenectomy in fertility-sparing surgical treatment of cervical cancer]. / Konizacja i radykalna pochwowa trachelektomia z laparoskopowa limfadenektomia w leczeniu chirurgicznym kobiet z rakiem szyjki macicy pozwalajacym na zachowanie plodnosci.

INTRODUCTION: In the mid-80's and 90's of the last century uterine-sparing surgical treatment methods were proposed to women wishing to preserve their fertility. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to assess practical application of conization or radical vaginal trachelectomy with laparoscopic lymphadenectomy in women with squamous cell cervical cancer (FIGO stages IA and IB1) who want to retain their ability to procreate. Material and methods: A total of 119 women (aged 25-43 years) were included in the study Ninety-six women (60 - IA1 and 36 - IA2) were deemed eligible for conization and 23 women with stages IA2 and IB1 with neoplastic changes of <2cm in diameter were qualified for radical vaginal trachelectomy with laparoscopic lymphadenectomy RESULTS: Conization was not radical in 9 cases and these women were reoperated. A 5-year follow-up in patients after conization revealed disease recurrence (CIN) in 3 IA1 cases (6.5%), and 2 IA2 cases (9.1%). In patients with follow-up of <5 years, no recurrence was observed in 9 out of 10 A1 cases. Similarly there was no recurrence in 7 out of 9 lA2 cases. A 5-year follow-up in patients after trachelectomy confirmed disease recurrence (CIN) in 1 IA2 case (6.25%). There was no disease recurrence in 2 IA1 cases and 4 IB1 cases. Out of 8 subjects staged 1A2 with a follow-up of <5 years, no disease recurrence was observed in 7 (87.5%) patients. During the same follow-up time, no disease recurrence was detected in 3 patients staged IB1. CONCLUSIONS: Proper uterine-sparing treatment with appropriate qualification guarantees adequate control of the treatment process in women with cervical cancer stages IA and IB1 (<2 cm in diameter) according to FIGO.

[Colposcopic-histologic eligibility criteria for fertility-sparing surgical management in early-stage cervical cancer]. / Kwalifikacja kolposkopowo-histologiczna wczesnych postaci raka szyjki macicy do oszczedzajacego narzad rodny leczenia chirurgicznego.

BACKGROUND: The decision whether fertility-sparing surgical management may be successfully applied in women with cervical cancer who wish to preserve their fertility remains a great therapeutic challenge. Such management is possible if no node metastases are expected and the risk of cancer spread beyond the cervix is limited. Thus, precise evaluation of tumor size is necessary. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to establish cytologic, colposcopic and histologic eligibility criteria for fertility-sparing treatment in women with early-stage cervical cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 119 women (aged 25-43 years) diagnosed and operated on due to malignant changes within the cervix. Each subject underwent cytologic and colposcopic examination, followed by histologic evaluation of a large, target section from the most suspicious area of the lesion. RESULTS: Histologic evaluation revealed stage IA1 in 60 (50.4%), IA2 in 53 (44.5%), and IB1 in 6 (5.1%) patients. Histologic compatibility between target sections and evaluation of the surgical material was 59 (98.4%), 51 (96.2%), and (100%) for stages IA1, IA2, and IB1, respectively CONCLUSIONS: Proper colposcopic assessment of early-stage invasive cervical cancer (IA) allows to identify the most adequate area for large wedge biopsy That in turn makes it possible to establish proper histologic pre-treatment diagnosis, with an over 95% compatibility with the final histologic evaluation, what conditions fertility-sparing surgical treatment.