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BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus is generally accompanied by dyslipidaemia, but inconsistent relationships between lipid profiles and diabetes are noted. Moreover, genetic variations in insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphisms at angiotensin-converting enzyme gene (ACE) and T/C polymorphisms in the angiotensin type 1 receptor gene (AGTR1) are related to diabetes and lipid levels, but the associations are controversial. Thus, the current research aimed to explore the effects of ACE I/D, AGTR1 rs5182 and diabetes mellitus on serum lipid profiles in 385 Chinese participants with an average age of 75.01 years. METHODS: The ACE I/D variant was identified using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, whereas the AGTR1 rs5182 polymorphism was identified using the PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method and verified with DNA sequencing. Total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), apolipoprotein A (ApoA), apolipoprotein B (ApoB), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were measured using routine methods, and the lipid ratios were calculated. RESULTS: ACE I/D, but not AGTR1 rs5182, was a predictor of TG/HDL-C for the whole study population. Both ACE I/D and AGTR1 rs5182 were predictors of HDL-C and LDL-C levels in females but not in males. Moreover, in females, diabetes mellitus and ACE I/D were identified as predictors of TG and TG/HDL-C, whereas AGTR1 rs5182 and diabetes mellitus were predictors of TG/HDL-C. Moreover, diabetes mellitus and the combination of ACE I/D and AGTR1 rs5182 variations were predictors of TG and TG/HDL-C exclusively in females. CONCLUSIONS: The results demonstrated the potential for gender-dependent interactions of ACE I/D, AGTR1 rs5182, and diabetes on lipid profiles. These findings may serve as an additional explanation for the inconsistent changes of blood lipids in individuals with diabetes mellitus, thereby offering a novel perspective for the clinical management of blood lipid levels in diabetic patients.
Assuntos
Peptidil Dipeptidase A , Receptor Tipo 1 de Angiotensina , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Receptor Tipo 1 de Angiotensina/genética , Peptidil Dipeptidase A/genética , Peptidil Dipeptidase A/sangue , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Lipídeos/sangue , Lipídeos/genética , Povo Asiático/genética , Triglicerídeos/sangue , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , HDL-Colesterol/sangue , HDL-Colesterol/genética , Diabetes Mellitus/genética , Diabetes Mellitus/sangue , Mutação INDEL , LDL-Colesterol/sangue , LDL-Colesterol/genética , Estudos de Associação Genética , China/epidemiologia , Predisposição Genética para Doença , População do Leste AsiáticoRESUMO
PURPOSE: The present study was to investigate prevalence of suicidal ideation and its associations with biological and environmental factors in adolescents with different genotypes of rs12342 at adiponectin receptor 2 gene (ADIPOR2). METHODS: Suicidal ideation, biological and environmental factors were evaluated by questionnaires in 669 high school students after Wenchuan earthquake in China. ADIPOR2 rs12342 was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and verified by DNA sequencing. RESULTS: Female adolescents had higher prevalence of suicidal ideation than male students in AG heterozygote and GG homozygote, but not AA homozygote. Prevalence of suicidal ideation was different in male, but not female, subjects with different genotypes. Genotype and allele frequencies were significantly different between male students with and without suicidal ideation, but not the female counterparts. Family history of mental disorders, extent of damage to property, carbohydrate intake and protein intake were associated with suicidal ideation in female subjects, while ADIPOR2 rs12342, father's educational level and previous trauma experience were associated with suicidal ideation in male subjects. CONCLUSION: ADIPOR2 rs12342 is associated with and has potential to interact with environmental factors on suicidal ideation in a gender-dependent manner in youth. These findings pave a novel way and perspective for precision inferences of suicidal ideation in subjects with different genetic backgrounds. ADIPOR2 rs12342 needs to be considered when intervening suicidal ideation, especially in adolescents.
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OBJECTIVE: To identify the HBV genotype-specific tag sequence. METHODS: The large S region sequences from 930 HBV genomes were aligned to identify the genotype-specific tag sequences. PCR was used to check the genotyping effect of these tags. RESULTS: Two tag sequences, sequence between 149-169 and sequence between 461-483, were identified in the large S region. Using primers specific to these tag sequences, the genotype of HBV can be specifically identified. CONCLUSION: These tag sequences can be used for HBV genotyping.
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Genes Virais , Vírus da Hepatite B/genética , Hepatite B Crônica/virologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Sequência de Bases , Primers do DNA , Biblioteca Gênica , Genótipo , Vírus da Hepatite B/classificação , Humanos , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Precursores de Proteínas/genética , Análise de Sequência de DNARESUMO
Cost-effective and efficient electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) are crucial for fuel cells and metal-air batteries. Herein, we report the facile synthesis of a Co/CoO/Co3O4 heterostructure embedded in a porous carbon matrix by refluxing and annealing. This composite exhibits several structural merits for catalyzing the ORR: (1) the existence of metallic Co and graphitic carbon enhanced the electrical conduction; (2) the porous, loose carbon network facilitated the electrolyte permeation and mass transport; (3) more importantly, the nanosized coherent CoO/Co3O4 heterojunctions with structural defects and oxygen vacancies enhanced the charge transport/separation at the interface and adsorption affinity to O2, thus promoting the ORR kinetics and lowering the reaction barrier. Consequently, the composite electrode manifests high electrocatalytic activity, attaining a current density of 6.7 mA cm-2 at -0.8 V (vs. Ag/AgCl), which is superior to pure CoO nanoparticles (4.7 mA cm-2), and has good methanol tolerance. The present strategy based on heterostructure and vacancy engineering may pave the way for the exploration of more advanced, low-cost electrocatalysts for electrochemical reduction and evolution processes.
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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the status and relative factors of trichomonal vaginitis among married childbearing age women in rural impoverished area of the northwestern part of China and hence identify the risk factors and provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of trichomonal vaginitis. METHODS: Questionnaire investigation, gynecological and laboratory examination were carried out in 480 women who had been selected by multi-stage cluster sampling in rural impoverished area of Bao Ji in ShannXi province. A case-control study was conducted to analyze the relative factors of trichomonal vaginitis and other reproductive tract infection (RTI) complications. RESULTS: The prevalence rate of trichomonal vaginitis was 12.9%, and 64.5% of the cases were complicated with chronic cervicitis, 17.7% were complicated with adnexitis. Uni-variated and multi-variated logistic regression analyses revealed that lack of reproductive health knowledge, bath with polluted water, washing vulva or penis with polluted water before sexual intercourse, having intercourse during menstrual period, having past history of trichomonal vaginitis, as well as no-income woman's and husband's negative attitude towards wife's RTIs were risk factors of trichomonal vaginitis and complicating chronic cervicitis or adnexitis. And lack of reproductive health knowledge, bath with polluted water, washing penis with polluted water before sexual intercourse, past history of trichomonal vaginitis, husband's negative attitude to wife's RTIs were relative factors of trichomonal vaginitis and complicating chronic cervicitis or adnexitis revealed by the binary logistic regression analysis. The less score of reproductive health knowledge, the more risk of suffering from trichomonal vaginitis complicating chronic cervicitis. CONCLUSION: Compositive and successive prevention and treatment scheme should be used to control trichomonal vaginitis and other RTI complications in rural impoverished area of northwestern China. The scheme should be focused on four ways, including improving sanitation behaviors in couples, insisting on normative treatment, generalizing reproductive health knowledge and mobilizing husbands to pay attention.
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Vaginite por Trichomonas/epidemiologia , Trichomonas vaginalis/isolamento & purificação , Adulto , Animais , China/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Saúde da População Rural , Vaginite por Trichomonas/etiologia , Cervicite Uterina/complicaçõesRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To develop a technique for converting computed tomography (CT) data into a fully three-dimensional (3D) virtual reality (VR) environment. Preoperative simulation in 3D VR facilitates liver resection owing to the ability to view the tumor and its relative vessels. METHODS: 3D-reconstruction of the liver was restored from spiral CT data by using LiVirtue software and the Dextrobeam (Volume Interactions Pte Ltd, Singapore) was applied to view this 3D model in the VR environment. In order to design a rational plan of operation, the liver and its anatomic structure were reconstructed to illuminate the location of the tumor and its related vessels. RESULTS: In our series of 38 hepatic resections, there was no significant difference between preoperatively calculated volumes of virtual resection part and actual volumes of resected specimen's weight. The LiVirtue can provide accurate and rapid results of individual hepatic volume and the character of anatomy structures. These models can be viewed and manipulated in the VR environment and on a personal computer. This preoperative simulation allowed surgeons to dissect the liver with reduced complications. Preoperative planning and intra-operative navigation based on this technique ensured the safety of liver resection. CONCLUSIONS: 3D models of the liver and its detailed structure articulate the possibility of intricate liver resection and the risk of the operation. This preoperative estimation from a 3D model of the liver benefits complicated liver resections greatly.
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Imageamento Tridimensional , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Hepáticas/cirurgia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Interface Usuário-Computador , Adulto , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Meios de Contraste , Feminino , Humanos , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador , Iohexol , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , SoftwareRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Comparing with two dimensional (2D) imaging, both in diagnosis and treatment, three dimensional (3D) imaging has many advantages in clinical medicine. 3D reconstruction makes the target easier to identify and reveals the volume and shape of the organ much better than 2D imaging. A 3D digitized visible model of the liver was built to provide anatomical structure for planing of hepatic operation and for realizing accurate simulation of the liver on the computer. METHODS: Transverse sections of abdomen were chosen from the Chinese Visible Human dataset. And Amira software was selected to segment and reconstruct the structures of the liver. The liver was reconstructed in three-dimensions with both surface and volume rendering reconstruction. RESULTS: Accurately segmented images of the main structures of the liver were completed. The reconstructed structures can be displayed singly, in small groups or as a whole and can be continuously rotated in 3D space at different velocities. CONCLUSIONS: The reconstructed liver is realistic, which demonstrates the natural shape and exact position of liver structures. It provides an accurate model for the automated segmentation algorithmic study and a digitized anatomical mode of viewing the liver.
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Interpretação de Imagem Assistida por Computador/métodos , Fígado/anatomia & histologia , Projetos Ser Humano Visível , Povo Asiático , Feminino , Humanos , Imageamento Tridimensional , Masculino , SoftwareRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: The study investigated the association of TNFR1 gene polymorphism with early recurrent spontaneous miscarriage (ERSM) in Chinese women, and soluble TNFR1 (sTNFR1) expression in ERSM women. STUDY DESIGN: Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located at -383 (AGA to AGC) in the promoter region and +36 (CCA to CCG) in exon 1 of TNFR1 were investigated in 188 non-pregnant ERSM Chinese women. The serum sTNFR1 was measured by the ELISA method. RESULTS: Both SNPs were not associated with ERSM. The non-pregnant ERSM women had significantly higher levels of serum sTNFR1, compared with the non-pregnant, normal women (1.84+/-0.54 ng/ml versus 1.62+/-0.38 ng/ml; t=-2.053; p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The data do not provide evidence that TNFR1 gene polymorphism is etiologically important for ERSM in Chinese women. But, a significantly raised sTNFR1 level in non-pregnant ERSM women was recorded compared to women with normal pregnancies. The result suggests that pregnancy failure is associated with an increase of sTNFR1.