Exergoeconomic analysis and optimization of wind power hybrid energy storage system.

The hybrid energy storage system of wind power involves the deep coupling of heterogeneous energy such as electricity and heat. Exergy as a dual physical quantity that takes into account both 'quantity' and 'quality, plays an important guiding role in the unification of heterogeneous energy. In this paper, the operation characteristics of the system are related to the energy quality, and the operation strategy of the wind power hybrid energy storage system is proposed based on the exergoeconomics. First, the mathematical model of wind power hybrid energy storage system is established based on exergoeconomics. Then, wind power experiments of three forms of thermal-electric hybrid energy storage are carried out, and RSM is used to analyze the power quality and exergoeconomic characteristics of the system, and the optimal working conditions of the experiment are obtained. Finally, an optimization strategy is proposed by combining experiment and simulation. The system efficiency, unit exergy cost and current harmonic distortion rate are multi-objective optimization functions. The three algorithms evaluate the optimal solution based on standard deviation. The results show that the exergoeconomics can effectively judge the production-storage-use characteristics of the new system of ' wind power + energy storage'. The thermal-electric hybrid energy storage system can absorb the internal exergy loss of the battery, increase the exergy efficiency by 10%, reduce the unit exergy cost by 0.03 yuan/KJ, and reduce the current harmonic distortion rate by 8%. It provides guidance for improving the power quality of wind power system, improving the exergy efficiency of thermal-electric hybrid energy storage wind power system and reducing the unit cost.

Effects of total flavonoids from Dracocephalum moldavica on the proliferation, migration, and adhesion molecule expression of rat vascular smooth muscle cells induced by TNF-α.

CONTEXT: Dracocephalum moldavica Linn (Labiatae) is one of the ethnomedicinal drugs of Uygur in Xinjiang, China. This herb is mainly used in treating cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis. However, the mechanism of pharmacological activity of D. moldavica has been poorly studied. OBJECTIVE: To explore the pharmacological mechanism of D. moldavica in treating atherosclerosis by investigating the effects of total flavonoids from the aerial portion of D. moldavica on rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The proliferation and migration of VSMCs were evaluated via a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and transwell chamber experiment, respectively. The expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), nuclear factor κB p65 (NF-κB p65), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) of VSMCs was determined using immunohistochemistry staining and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). RESULTS: Total flavonoids (IC(50) = 145.63 µg/mL) significantly inhibited tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) induced VSMC proliferation at concentrations of 25, 50, and 100 µg/mL. Treatment with 50 and 100 µg/mL of total flavonoids also significantly inhibited TNF-α-induced VSMC migration, whereas 25 µg/mL of total flavonoids did not elicit any significant inhibitory effect. In addition, the effects of total flavonoids on inflammatory molecule expression of cells were tested by immunohistochemistry staining, showing that TNF-α-induced expression of PCNA, NF-κB p65, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 in VSMCs was dose-dependently suppressed by total flavonoids. Furthermore, qRT-PCR data confirmed the inhibition of mRNA expressions of these inflammatory molecules. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: These data suggest that total flavonoids from D. moldavica exhibit anti-inflammatory activities, which is probably one of the underlying mechanisms of D. moldavica for clinical treatment of atherosclerosis.

[Spiral CT findings of pulmonary infection induced by intravenous injection of heroin].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate spiral CT findings of pulmonary infection induced by intravenous injection of heroin. METHODS: The clinical data and spiral CT findings of 21 patients with pulmonary infection due to intravenous injection of heroin were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: Pulmonary lesions were detected in all these cases in the initial examination by spiral CT plain scan, including pneumatocele in 13 (61.9%), pulmonary cavity in 13 (61.9%), pulmonary consolidation in 15 (71.4%), and plural lesions in 8 cases (38.1%) of which 7 (33.3%) had plural effusion and 1 (0.48%) had encapsulated hydropneumothorax. Three cases had only one of the lesions and 18 had at least 2 of them. The CT images in each case were compared with X-ray film, and the latter displayed abnormalities in 20 cases (95.2%). X-ray failed to detect the lesions in 1 case (4.8%), in which pneumatocele was found in CT images. CONCLUSION: The pulmonary lesions of pulmonary pneumatocele, cavity, consolidation, and plural lesions are specific CT manifestations of hematogenous pulmonary suppurative infection induced by intravenous injection of heroin.