RESUMO
Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most common cancers in China. The purpose of this study was to investigate the updated incidence rates and risk factors of EC in Nan'ao Island, where the EC incidence rate was chronically the highest in southern China. To calculate the annual incidence rate, data on 338 EC cases from Nan'ao Cancer Registry system diagnosed during 2005-2011 were collected. A case-control study was conducted to explore the EC risk factors. One hundred twenty-five alive EC patients diagnosed during 2005-2011 and 250 controls were enrolled into the case-control study. A pre-test questionnaire on demography, dietary factors, drinking water treatment, and behavioral factors was applied to collect information of all participants. The average EC incidence rates during 2005-2011 were 66.09/105, 94.62/105, 36.83/105 for both genders, males and females, respectively, in Nan'ao Island. The EC incidence rate in males was 2.40- to 4.55-fold higher than that in females in the period from 2006 to 2011 (P < 0.05). Considering the onset age, males tend to be much younger than females and reached peak incidence rate at a younger age (P < 0.05). Drinking water treatment by filter (odds ratio [OR] = 0.28, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 0.13-0.58) and fruit consumption (OR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.32-0.94) reduced the risk for EC. On the contrary, the pickled vegetables consumption (OR = 2.64, 95% CI = 1.46-4.76) and liquor drinking (OR = 2.32, 95% CI = 1.21-4.44) increased the risk for EC. These results may be of importance for future research on EC etiology and prevention strategies.
Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/epidemiologia , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/epidemiologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/epidemiologia , Dieta/estatística & dados numéricos , Neoplasias Esofágicas/epidemiologia , Adulto , Distribuição por Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos de Casos e Controles , China/epidemiologia , Água Potável , Feminino , Conservação de Alimentos , Frutas , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Razão de Chances , Fatores de Proteção , Fatores de Risco , Distribuição por Sexo , VerdurasRESUMO
An extremely halophilic archaeon, strain Fa-1(T), was isolated from a marine solar saltern in Fujian, China. Strain Fa-1(T) required Mg2+ and at least 2.0 M NaCl for growth. It was able to grow at pH 6.5-9.0 (optimally at pH 7.0-7.5) and at 20-55 degrees C (optimally at 37-42 degrees C). The major polar lipids of strain Fa-1(T) were phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, phosphatidylglycerol sulfate and a sulfated diglycosyl diether. On the basis of a 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain Fa-1(T) was closely related to nine species of the genus Halorubrum, showing sequence similarities of 97.4-98.4 %. The G+C content of the DNA of strain Fa-1(T) is 64.9 mol% (Tm). DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain Fa-1(T) and the most closely related members of the genus Halorubrum were below 51 %. On the basis of the data from this study, strain Fa-1(T) represents a novel species of the genus Halorubrum, for which the name Halorubrum litoreum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Fa-1(T) (=CGMCC 1.5336(T) =JCM 13561(T)).