Systematic bibliometric and visualized analysis of research hotspots and trends on the application of artificial intelligence in glaucoma from 2013 to 2022.

AIM: To conduct a bibliometric analysis of research on artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of glaucoma to gain a comprehensive understanding of the current state of research and identify potential new directions for future studies. METHODS: Relevant articles on the application of AI in the field of glaucoma from the Web of Science Core Collection were retrieved, covering the period from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2022. In order to assess the contributions and co-occurrence relationships among different countries/regions, institutions, authors, and journals, CiteSpace and VOSviewer software were employed and the research hotspots and future trends within the field were identified. RESULTS: A total of 750 English articles published between 2013 and 2022 were collected, and the number of publications exhibited an overall increasing trend. The majority of the articles were from China, followed by the United States and India. National University of Singapore, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Sun Yat-sen University made significant contributions to the published works. Weinreb RN and Fu HZ ranked first among authors and cited authors. American Journal of Ophthalmology is the most impactful academic journal in the field of AI application in glaucoma. The disciplinary scope of this field includes ophthalmology, computer science, mathematics, molecular biology, genetics, and other related disciplines. The clustering and identification of keyword nodes in the co-occurrence network reveal the evolving landscape of AI application in the field of glaucoma. Initially, the hot topics in this field were primarily "segmentation", "classification" and "diagnosis". However, in recent years, the focus has shifted to "deep learning", "convolutional neural network" and "artificial intelligence". CONCLUSION: With the rapid development of AI technology, scholars have shown increasing interest in its application in the field of glaucoma. Moreover, the application of AI in assisting treatment and predicting prognosis in glaucoma may become a future research hotspot. However, the reliability and interpretability of AI data remain pressing issues that require resolution.

Inhibition of mouse acrosome reaction and sperm-zona pellucida binding by anti-human sperm membrane protein 1 antibody.

AIM: To investigate the possible functions of human sperm membrane protein (hSMP-1) in the process of fertilization. METHODS: A 576-bp cDNA fragment of HSD-1 gene coding for the extracellular domain of hSMP-1 was cloned and expressed. The localization of this protein on human and mouse sperm was determined by indirect immunofluorescent staining by using anti-recombinant hSMP-1 (anti-rhSMP-1) antibodies. Sperm acrosome reaction and sperm-zona pellucida (ZP) binding assay were carried out in 10-week-old BALB/c mice. RESULTS: Recombinant hSMP-1 was successfully cloned and expressed. The expression of the native protein was limited on the acrosome of human and mouse sperm. Treatment of anti-rhSMP-1 antibodies significantly decreased the average number of sperms bound to each egg. Meanwhile, the percentage of acrosome reaction was decreased in comparison to pre-immune control after treatment with anti-rhSMP-1 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The results suggest that anti-rhSMP-1 antibody inhibited mouse acrosome reaction and sperm-ZP binding.

[Progress in the studies of Gardnerella vaginal].

Gardnerella vaginal is one of the main pathogenic floras of female bacterial vaginosis. Sexually transmitted, it causes fallopian pregnancy, premature rupture of the foetal membrane, neonate premature delivery and other bad pregnancy outcome. Gardnerella vaginal is also involved in male urogenital tract infection. This review summarizes the recent advances in the studies of Gardnerella vaginal in such aspects as its categorization, biocharacteristics, biogrouping, epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnostic criteria, detection, treatment and clinical significance.

[Cloning, expression and purification of human nuclear autoantigenic sperm protein (hNASP) and preparation of its polyclonal antibody].

OBJECTIVE: To acquire the purified human nuclear autoantigenic sperm protein (hNASP) and its polyclonal antibody for investigating the possible functions of hNASP involved in fertilization. METHODS: The coding sequence of hNASP gene was amplified from human testis RNA with specific primers, and the PCR product was cloned first into pMD-18T and then into pET-28a ( + ) after restriction digestion with BamH I and Hind III. The fusion protein was expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3) after induction with IPTG. The recombinant protein NASP was purified from the supernatant with Ni2 -NTA His-bind resin under native conditions. RESULTS: The results of DNA sequencing and SDS-PAGE analysis showed the protein to be what we had hoped to acquire. ELISA showed that we had acquired rabbit anti-hNASP serum with high titer. CONCLUSION: High purity recombinant hNASP protein could be obtained with the above-mentioned prokaryotic expression method, and so could the rabbit anti-hNASP serum with high titer and high specificity.