Factors promoting breast, cervical and colorectal cancer screenings participation: A systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: The present study aims at systematically reviewing research conducted on factors promoting breast, cervical and colorectal cancer screenings participation. METHODS: A literature search in MEDLINE/PubMed and PsycInfo from January 2017 to October 2021 was performed. Data extraction, researchers' full agreement and the inclusion criteria produced 102 eligible studies. Data were narratively synthesized and critically interpreted. RESULTS: Multiple factors favoring or hindering breast, cervical and colorectal cancer screenings were identified and summarized as factors operating at the individual level (background information, individual characteristics, emotions related to screening procedure and to cancer, knowledge and awareness), at the relational level (relationships with healthcare staff, significant others, community members), and at the healthcare system level (systems barriers/policy, lack of staff). A critical appraisal of studies revealed a fragmentation in the literature, with a compartmentalization of studies by type of cancer screening, country and specific populations of destination. CONCLUSIONS: Overall findings indicated that greater integration of research results obtained independently for each cancer diagnosis and within the different countries/populations could foster a more comprehensive understanding of factors potentially enhancing the participation in breast, cervical and colorectal cancer screenings worldwide. This review, which is grounded in the current context of globalization and superdiversification in population, can help to enhance a better integration between research and practices, by supporting the development of more effective and inclusive evidence-based interventions and health-promotion campaigns worldwide. Research and practical implications are highlighted and discussed.

Clinical and psychosocial constructs for breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening participation: A systematic review.

Research has identified a wide range of psychosocial factors associated to choosing to engage in ongoing cancer screenings. Nevertheless, a systematic review of the theoretical frameworks and constructs underpinning studies on breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening participation has yet to be conducted. As part of the action-research project "Miriade," the present study aims to identifying the main theoretical frameworks and constructs adopted in the literature over the past five years to explain cancer screening participation. According to the PRISMA guidelines, a search of the MEDLINE/PubMed and PsycINFO databases was made. Empirical studies conducted from 2017 to 2021 were included. The following keywords were used: breast OR cervical OR colorectal screening AND adhesion OR participation OR engagement AND theoretical framework OR conceptual framework OR theory. Overall, 24 articles met the inclusion criteria. Each theoretical framework highlighted clinical and psychosocial constructs of cancer screening participation, focusing on the individuals (psycho-emotional functioning and skills plan) and/or the health services perspectives. Findings from the present study acknowledge the plurality of the theoretical frameworks and constructs adopted to predict or promote breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening adhesion and the need for new research efforts to improve the effectiveness of cancer screening promotion interventions.

Corneal Wound Repair After Rose Bengal and Green Light Crosslinking: Clinical and Histologic Study.

Purpose: To evaluate corneal wound healing after treatment with a new collagen crosslinking protocol using rose bengal dye and green light (RGX). Methods: One cornea of 20 New Zealand rabbits was de-epithelialized (DE) in an 8-mm diameter circle and, in another group (n = 25), the DE corneas were then stained with 0.1% rose bengal for 2 minutes and exposed to green light (532 nm) for 7 minutes (RGX). The contralateral eyes without treatment acted as controls. The animals were clinically followed including fluorescein staining and pachymetry. Healing events were analyzed after euthanasia at 2, 30, and 60 days. Cell death (TUNEL assay), cell proliferation (5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine incorporation), and cell differentiation to myofibroblasts (α-SMA labeling) were carried out. In addition, loss of keratocytes and subsequent repopulation of the corneal stroma were quantified on hematoxylin-eosin-stained sections. Results: Wound closure was slower after RGX (4.4 days) then after DE (3.3 days). Cell death was restricted to the anterior central stroma, and the cellular decrease did not differ significantly between RGX and DE corneas. Cell proliferation in the epithelium and stroma appeared at 2 days. In both DE and RGX corneas, recovery of the epithelium was complete at day 30, although cell repopulation of the stroma was not complete at 60 days. Conclusions: The healing response in corneas after RGX is very similar to that observed after DE alone, suggesting that, along with its short treatment time and limited effect on keratocytes, RGX displays good potential for clinical cornea stiffening.