Adaptive List Flip Decoder for Polar Codes with High-Order Error Correction Capability and a Simplified Flip Metric.

Designing an efficient decoder is an effective way to improve the performance of polar codes with limited code length. List flip decoders have received attention due to their good performance trade-off between list decoders and flip decoders. In particular, the newly proposed dynamic successive cancellation list flip (D-SCLF) decoder employs a new flip metric to effectively correct high-order errors and thus enhances the performance potential of present list flip decoders. However, this flip metric introduces extra exponential and logarithmic operations, and the number of these operations rises exponentially with the increase in the order of error correction and the number of information bits, which then limits its application value. Therefore, we designed an adaptive list flip (ALF) decoder with a new heuristic simplified flip metric, which replaces these extra nonlinear operations in the original flip metric with linear operations. Simulation results show that the simplified flip metric does not reduce the performance of the D-SCLF decoder. Moreover, based on the in-depth theoretical analyses of the combination of the adaptive list and the list flip decoders, the ALF decoder adopts the adaptive list to further reduce the average complexity.

Value of improved nursing measures and enhanced nursing management to reduce the occurrence of adverse events in pediatric infusion.

BACKGROUND: Intravenous infusion is a common method of drug administration in clinical practice. Errors in any aspect of the infusion process, from the verification of medical orders, preparation of the drug solution, to infusion by nursing staff, may cause adverse infusion events. AIM: To analyzed the value of improving nursing measures and enhancing nursing management to reduce the occurrence of adverse events in pediatric infusion. METHODS: The clinical data of 130 children who received an infusion in the pediatric department of our hospital from May 2020 to May 2021 were analyzed and divided into two groups according to the differences in nursing measures and nursing management: 65 patients in the control group received conventional nursing and nursing management interventions, while 65 patients in the observation group received improved nursing measure interventions and enhanced nursing management. The occurrence of adverse events, compliance of children, satisfaction of children's families, and complaints regarding the transfusion treatment were recorded in both groups. RESULTS: The incidence of fluid extravasation and infusion set dislodgement in the observation group were 3.08% and 1.54%, respectively, which were significantly lower than 12.31% and 13.85% in the control group (P < 0.05), while repeated punctures and medication addition errors in the observation group were 3.08% and 0.00%, respectively, which were lower than 9.23% and 3.08% in the control group, but there was no significant difference (P > 0.05). The compliance rate of children in the observation group was 98.46% (64/65), which was significantly higher than 87.69% (57/65) in the control group, and the satisfaction rate of children's families was 96.92% (63/65), which was significantly higher than 86.15% (56/65) in the control group (P < 0.05). The observation group did not receive any complaints from the child's family, whereas the control group received four complaints, two of which were due to the crying of the child caused by repeated punctures, one due to the poor attitude of the nurse, and one due to medication addition errors, with a cumulative complaint rate of 6.15%. The cumulative complaint rate of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Improving nursing measures and enhancing nursing management can reduce the incidence of fluid extravasation and infusion set dislodgement in pediatric patients, improve children's compliance and satisfaction of their families, and reduce family complaints.

A Comparative Study on the Clinical Efficacy of Stereotaxic Catheter Drainage and Conservative Treatment for Small and Medium Amount Intracerebral Hemorrhage in the Basal Ganglia.

The incidence rate and fatal disability rate of cerebral hemorrhage increase year by year. At present, most patients with a hematoma volume of ≤20 mL are treated conservatively by internal medicine. With the development of the stereotactic technique, it has been widely used for the treatment of cerebral hemorrhage in clinics. This study compared the clinical differences between stereotactic surgery and conservative treatment for small- and medium-sized cerebral hemorrhages. The results show that stereotactic hematoma evacuation is more effective than conservative treatment in the treatment of medium and small intracerebral hemorrhages in the basal ganglia. It can accelerate the resolution of hematoma and improve the neurological function and quality of life of patients, which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.