RESUMO
BACKGROUND: The 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) causing an outbreak of pneumonia in Wuhan, Hubei province of China was isolated in January 2020. This study aims to investigate its epidemiologic history, and analyze the clinical characteristics, treatment regimens, and prognosis of patients infected with 2019-nCoV during this outbreak. METHODS: Clinical data from 137 2019-nCoV-infected patients admitted to the respiratory departments of nine tertiary hospitals in Hubei province from December 30, 2019 to January 24, 2020 were retrospectively collected, including general status, clinical manifestations, laboratory test results, imaging characteristics, and treatment regimens. RESULTS: None of the 137 patients (61 males, 76 females, aged 20-83 years, median age 57 years) had a definite history of exposure to Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market. Major initial symptoms included fever (112/137, 81.8%), coughing (66/137, 48.2%), and muscle pain or fatigue (44/137, 32.1%), with other, less typical initial symptoms observed at low frequency, including heart palpitations, diarrhea, and headache. Nearly 80% of the patients had normal or decreased white blood cell counts, and 72.3% (99/137) had lymphocytopenia. Lung involvement was present in all cases, with most chest computed tomography scans showing lesions in multiple lung lobes, some of which were dense; ground-glass opacity co-existed with consolidation shadows or cord-like shadows. Given the lack of effective drugs, treatment focused on symptomatic and respiratory support. Immunoglobulin G was delivered to some critically ill patients according to their conditions. Systemic corticosteroid treatment did not show significant benefits. Notably, early respiratory support facilitated disease recovery and improved prognosis. The risk of death was primarily associated with age, underlying chronic diseases, and median interval from the appearance of initial symptoms to dyspnea. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of patients with 2019-nCoV pneumonia present with fever as the first symptom, and most of them still showed typical manifestations of viral pneumonia on chest imaging. Middle-aged and elderly patients with underlying comorbidities are susceptible to respiratory failure and may have a poorer prognosis.
Assuntos
Betacoronavirus , Infecções por Coronavirus , Pandemias , Pneumonia Viral , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , COVID-19 , China , Infecções por Coronavirus/complicações , Infecções por Coronavirus/diagnóstico por imagem , Feminino , Febre/etiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pneumonia Viral/complicações , Pneumonia Viral/diagnóstico por imagem , SARS-CoV-2 , Centros de Atenção Terciária , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Lung cancer is the leading cause of mortality due to tumor malignancy worldwide. In recent years, the treatment of lung cancer with chemotherapy has demonstrated notable resistance and insensitivity. Therefore, it is of great importance to investigate antilung cancer drugs with high efficiency and low toxicity. In the present study, the effects of isofraxidin on lung cancer cells and the associated mechanisms were investigated. The results revealed that, in vivo and in vitro, isofraxidin exhibited marked inhibitory effects on the A549 lung cancer cell line. The results of Cell Counting kit8, Transwell migration and Matrigel invasion assays, and flow cytometry to determine apoptosis, revealed that isofraxidin significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of A549 cells, and induced the cell apoptosis. Furthermore, western blot analysis demonstrated that isofraxidin treatment led to effects on the expression of apoptosisassociated proteins, including members of the Bcl2 protein family, and invasionassociated proteins, including matrix metallopeptidase (MMP)2 and MMP9, which may occur via inhibition of the expression of phosphorylated (p)epidermal growth factor receptor, pAKT and pextracellular signalregulated kinase. This regulation of protein expression may contribute to the inhibition of proliferation, migration and invasion of A549lung cancer cells by isofraxidin. In addition, despite the inhibitory effects on the A549 lung cancer cell line, the present study revealed that isofraxidin exhibited low toxicity towards BEAS2B normal lung epithelial cells within a certain dose range (0160 µM), indicating that isofraxidin may be employed for lung cancer treatment with hypotoxicity and fewer side effects. In conclusion, isofraxidin may be a novel candidate for antilung cancer chemotherapy.