Extracranial Head and Neck Schwannomas: A Case Series and Review of Literature.

Schwannomas are benign nerve tumors of schwann cell origin. Schwann cells are derived from neural crest and are therefore of neuroectodermal origin. 25-40% of all schwannomas arise in the head and neck region. The most common schwannomas are vagal schwannomas and cervical schwannomas in the head and neck region. Here we present two cases of head and neck schwannomas which were not identified as originating from any major nerve. The first patient had a schwannoma in the infratemporal region which was excised by performing transzygomatic approach, and the second patient had a schwannoma in the left lateral part of the neck which was excised using a cervical crease incision.

Surgical Ciliated Cyst of the Left Maxilla - A Case Report of Unusual Pathogenesis.

INTRODUCTION: Surgical ciliated cyst (SCC) is a type of true epithelial lined antral cysts, which mostly occurs in maxilla from the sinonasal mucosa and gland, comprising 20% of all oral cysts in Japan. It is also called as postoperative maxillary cyst or postoperative paranasal cyst. The etiology is believed to be post trauma or surgery in the region of maxillary antrum. PATIENT CONCERNS: Patient's concern is less evident in this cystic pathology, because this cyst even though an aggressive cyst, presents with fewer symptoms that can be uncomfortable to the patient or push them to seek medical attention. Often, this becomes an incidental finding during routine postoperative follow-up. RATIONALE: The rationale behind this report is to emphasize even a traumatic extraction of tooth can damage the floor of the sinus and lead to the cyst formation. REPORT: We report a case of SCC in a 76-year-old female of the left maxillary sinus possibly after a traumatic extraction of the tooth, for which enucleation of the cyst was done as a primary modality of treatment. DIAGNOSIS: Diagnosis was made after a computed tomography (CT) scan and incisional biopsy. Diagnosis of such rare cases poses a great challenge due to its paucity in etiology, and it often requires a CT scan that becomes an essential gold standard investigation. OUTCOMES: Patient is currently under one year follow up and without any signs of recurrence. LESSONS: It should be acknowledged that tampering trauma or with sinus mucosa can trigger the formation of a SCC of the maxilla, and it should always be considered as a possible sequel after any procedure of such potential in the maxilla.

Risk Factors for Post-operative Infection Following Single Piece Osteotomy.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this retrospective study was to identify the significant risk factors that contribute towards postoperative infection in patients recovering from orthognathic surgery. METHODS: Retrospective records of 522 patients who underwent orthognathic surgery over 9 year period were evaluated for postoperative infection within 3 months of surgery and after 3 months of surgery. The variables of interest included age, gender, habits like smoking and alcohol consumption and incidence of postoperative infection. RESULTS: The overall infection rate was 4.60%. Patients who underwent bilateral sagittal split osteotomy to advance the mandible had an infection rate of 10.4%. Statistically significant predictor variables (P < 0.05) included patients who had the smoking habit, and those that received bone grafts in both the time periods. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the occurrence of infection after orthognathic surgery is influenced by multiple factors, among which are the type of osteotomy, smoking habit and bone grafting procedures.