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OBJECTIVES: This umbrella review will summarize palliative and end-of-life care practices in peri-intensive care settings by reviewing systematic reviews in intensive care unit (ICU) settings. Evidence suggests that integrating palliative care into ICU management, initiating conversations about care goals, and providing psychological and emotional support can significantly enhance patient and family outcomes. METHODS: The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for umbrella reviews will be followed. The search will be carried out from inception until 30 September 2023 in the following databases: Cochrane Library, SCOPUS, Web of Science, CINAHL Complete, Medline, EMBASE, and PsycINFO. Two reviewers will independently conduct screening, data extraction, and quality assessment, and to resolve conflicts, adding a third reviewer will facilitate the consensus-building process. The quality assessment will be carried out using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist. The review findings will be reported per the guidelines outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Overviews of Reviews statement. RESULTS: This umbrella review seeks to inform future research and practice in critical care medicine, helping to ensure that end-of-life care interventions are optimized to meet the needs of critically ill patients and their families.
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BACKGROUND: Pulpectomy continues to be the standard treatment recommendation for management of vital primary molars diagnosed with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. The recent decade has seen a paradigm shift in the treatment concepts of how vital mature permanent molars diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis can be more conservatively managed using vital pulp therapy techniques like pulpotomy. However, despite emerging evidence indicating similarities between primary and permanent tooth pulp response to dental caries, there is limited research on whether pulpotomy can be similarly used as a definitive treatment modality for vital primary teeth with irreversible pulpitis. This randomised controlled trial (RCT) aims to compare the treatment effectiveness of pulpotomy versus pulpectomy in management of vital primary molars diagnosed with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis over a two-year period. METHODS/DESIGN: This clinical study is a parallel, two-armed, open label, non-inferiority RCT with a 1:1 allocation ratio between the experimental intervention arm (pulpotomy) and the active comparator arm (pulpectomy). Healthy cooperative children, between 4-9 years of age, who have painful primary molars with clinical symptoms typical of irreversible pulpitis will be recruited after obtaining informed consent from their parents/legal guardians. 50 vital primary molars clinically diagnosed with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis will be randomly distributed between the two treatment arms. The primary outcomes that will be assessed are clinical and radiographic success after six-months, one-year and two-years of the trial interventions. The influence of baseline pre-operative variables (age; gender; tooth type; site of caries; pre-operative furcal radiolucency; pre-operative pain intensity) and intra-operative factors (time taken to achieve haemostasis) on treatment outcomes will also be assessed. The secondary outcome evaluated will be the immediate (24 h and 7 d) post-operative pain relief afforded by the two treatment interventions. DISCUSSION: This trial seeks to provide evidence on whether pulpotomy treatment can be no worse than the standard pulpectomy treatment for the management of symptomatic irreversible pulpitis in vital primary molars. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06183203). Registered on 30 January 2024.
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Dente Molar , Pulpectomia , Pulpite , Pulpotomia , Dente Decíduo , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Estudos de Equivalência como Asunto , Dente Molar/cirurgia , Pulpectomia/métodos , Pulpite/cirurgia , Pulpite/terapia , Pulpotomia/métodos , Dente Decíduo/cirurgia , Resultado do Tratamento , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como AssuntoRESUMO
AIM: To evaluate the risk factors associated with caries development after full-mouth rehabilitation for early childhood caries (ECC) under general anesthesia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 100 children diagnosed with ECC requiring full-mouth rehabilitation under general anesthesia were recruited for the study. At baseline, caries status, plaque index, Streptococcus mutans count, and Lactobacillus count were evaluated. The risk assessment for caries was evaluated using a cariogram. Children were recalled after 12 months for evaluation. All children returned for the recall and data was recorded at the recall visit. Children were grouped into caries-free or caries recurrent based on the absence or presence of caries. Chi-square tests and student's t-test were used for statistical analysis using the statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS), version 23. RESULTS: All 100 children returned for follow-up. 76% of the children developed new carious lesions in a period of 1 year. A statistically significant association between caries recurrence and S. mutans count and caries risk assessment (CRA) score was found (p < 0.001). No significant associations were seen between parental education levels and the oral health practices of the child. CONCLUSION: Children treated under full-mouth rehabilitation for ECC under general anesthesia are at risk for developing new carious lesions after treatment. New carious lesions are strongly correlated with the presence of S. mutans, and high cariographic risk scores serve as an indication of future caries. Early childhood caries may be avoided if children are more diligent in practicing good dental hygiene. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Relapse of caries after full-mouth rehabilitation under general anesthesia can affect the quality of life of children. Preventive measures should be initiated and reinforced to prevent the occurrence of new carious lesions after full-mouth rehabilitation. How to cite this article: Mathew MG, Jeevanandan G, Maganur PC, et al. Evaluation of Risk Factors associated with Caries Development after Full-mouth Rehabilitation for Early Childhood Caries Under General Anesthesia. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(1):85-91.
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Cárie Dentária , Reabilitação Bucal , Criança , Humanos , Pré-Escolar , Suscetibilidade à Cárie Dentária , Qualidade de Vida , Cárie Dentária/epidemiologia , Cárie Dentária/etiologia , Cárie Dentária/prevenção & controle , Streptococcus mutans , Fatores de Risco , Anestesia Geral/efeitos adversosRESUMO
AIM: To evaluate the change in quality of life, dental fear, and dental anxiety in young children following full-mouth dental rehabilitation under general anesthesia for early childhood caries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: About 200 children who were diagnosed with early childhood caries requiring full-mouth rehabilitation under general anesthesia were recruited after obtaining parental consent. Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) was measured using the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS). Dental fear was evaluated using Children's Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale and dental anxiety was evaluated using the Facial Image Scale. Scores were taken on the day of intervention, and after 14 days when the child reported for posttreatment follow-up. RESULTS: All 200 participants returned for a follow-up visit after 2 weeks. The child impact section was reduced from 15.7 ± 4.1 to 7.7 ± 1.9 after treatment. The family impact section was reduced from 9.6 ± 2.7 to 3.5 ± 2.6 after treatment. A statistically significant difference was seen in both sections when pre-and posttreatment values were compared (p < 0.001). The total ECOHIS showed statistically significant improvement as the pretreatment score of 21.6 ± 9.5 reduced to 11.2 ± 4.2 showing 51.9% improvement in OHRQoL after full-mouth rehabilitation under general anesthesia was done (p < 0.001). Dental fear and anxiety among the participants showed a statistically significant reduction after treatment was done and most participants were found to be less fearful of doctors, dentists, and injections after treatment. CONCLUSION: Full-mouth rehabilitation was found to be a reliable treatment modality to improve the OHRQoL of children suffering from early childhood caries. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Significant improvement was seen in the OHRQoL within 2 weeks after treatment and most participants were found to be less anxious and fearful toward dentists and dental treatment. Comprehensive dental rehabilitation under general anesthesia has been proven to be an effective treatment modality for early childhood caries and a productive treatment technique to reduce dental fear and anxiety.
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Anestesia Dentária , Cárie Dentária , Humanos , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Reabilitação Bucal , Ansiedade ao Tratamento Odontológico , Qualidade de Vida , Suscetibilidade à Cárie Dentária , Estudos Prospectivos , Cárie Dentária/terapia , Saúde Bucal , Anestesia Geral , Boca , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
AIM: To evaluate the perspectives of parents and children on the impact of early childhood caries (ECC) on the oral health-related quality of life (OHQoF). MATERIALS AND METHODS: About 400 children aged 3-5 years were recruited for the study. About 200 children who were caries-free were the controls for the study. The remaining 200 consisted of children who were diagnosed with ECC and required dental rehabilitation under general anesthesia. Oral health-related quality of life was recorded at baseline and 6 months after intervention using the Michigan oral health-related quality of life scale. Data were analyzed and evaluated using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 25.0. RESULTS: Children with ECC were found to have a significantly lower oral health-related quality of life compared with caries-free children, and a statistically significant difference was seen between both groups. The main concern for both parents and children at baseline was pain at the first visit when the evaluation was done. After the intervention, a significant improvement in the oral health-related quality of life was seen. CONCLUSION: Early childhood caries was found to have detrimental effects on the oral health-related quality of life. Full-mouth rehabilitation under general anesthesia was found to bring a significant improvement in the oral health-related quality of life. The perspectives of both parents and children were found to be similar. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Early childhood caries has an impact on the lives of children and their parents. Oral health-related quality of life was low with children suffering from ECC. Full-mouth rehabilitation under general anesthesia can significantly improve the OHRQoL of children. Continuous monitoring of the children with regular follow-ups and parental education should be enforced to prevent the relapse of ECC.
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Cárie Dentária , Qualidade de Vida , Humanos , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Saúde Bucal , Estudos Prospectivos , PaisRESUMO
AIM: To evaluate the factors that affect the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among children with early childhood caries (ECC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 340 children aged between 3 and 6 who were diagnosed with ECC were enrolled in the study. Parents accompanying the children completed a questionnaire on the sociodemographic status and filled out the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) for the evaluation of OHRQoL. Data were recorded, tabulated, and statistically analyzed. RESULTS: The study population consisted of 189 (55.6%) boys and 151 girls (44.4%). A total of 96.4% had cavitated lesions; 31.2% of the children had pain at the time of evaluation. A significant association was seen between the Decayed Missing Filled Teeth (DMFT) score of the child (p < 0.001). Pain at the time of evaluation and DMFT status had a significant association with the ECOHIS (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Early childhood caries was found to impact the OHRQoL. Pain, visible dental plaque, family income, and parental education were found to be determinants that affect the OHRQoL. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Early childhood caries significantly reduces the OHRQoL of children and their families. Pain, visible dental plaque, family income, and parental education were found to influence the OHRQoL. Teaching parents the importance of oral health and preventive treatment will help prevent the occurrence of ECC.
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Cárie Dentária , Placa Dentária , Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Qualidade de Vida , Suscetibilidade à Cárie Dentária , Cárie Dentária/epidemiologia , Saúde Bucal , Inquéritos e Questionários , DorRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the adhesion of Streptococcus mutans to preformed zirconia and stainless steel crowns and compare plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation over a period of 1 year. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty children between 6 to 9 years with pulpectomised bilateral mandibular primary second molars were randomly divided into zirconia/stainless steel groups. Plaque was collected from the crowns using swabs at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. Gingival and plaque index were recorded at all follow-ups. S. mutans was cultured on tryptone-yeast-cysteine-sucrose-bacitracin agar, and organisms were expressed as colony-forming units. Within-group analysis was performed using repeated measures ANOVA and between-groups using the independent T test. RESULTS: S. mutans were found in significantly higher numbers on the stainless steel crowns as compared with zirconia crowns at all the follow-ups. Gingival inflammation and plaque index scores were also significantly higher around the stainless steel crowns as compared with zirconia at the end of 12 months follow-up. CONCLUSION: Adhesion of S. mutans to stainless steel crowns was significantly greater when compared with zirconia, and minimal gingival inflammation and plaque accumulation was found in the tooth restored with zirconia crowns as compared with stainless steel crowns. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Preformed zirconia crowns prevents adhesion of S. mutans onto its surface, and reduces plaque accumulation around the crown, inflammation of surrounding gingiva compared to conventional stainless-steel crowns. Pediatric zirconia crowns could help in reducing the overall microbial density and prevalence in the oral cavity, thus reducing the caries risk in the long term.
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Aderência Bacteriana , Coroas , Placa Dentária , Aço Inoxidável , Streptococcus mutans , Criança , Gengiva , Humanos , Inflamação , Dente Molar , Dente Decíduo , ZircônioRESUMO
Aim: To evaluate the change in microflora in children suffering from severe early childhood caries (ECC) after full mouth rehabilitation. Materials and methods: A total of 60 children, aged 3-5 years suffering from severe ECC who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. Pooled plaque samples were taken and subjected to quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to obtain baseline mean values of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), Streptococcus sobrinus (S. sobrinus), Candida albicans (C. albicans), and Candida dubliniensis (C. dubliniensis) before full mouth rehabilitation was done under general anesthesia. Posttreatment samples were collected at 6, 12, and 18 months. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare the mean values of S. mutans, S. sobrinus, C. albicans, and C. dubliniensis before and after full mouth rehabilitation. Results: A total of 60 patients recruited for the study were present at the follow-up at 6 and 12 months. At 18 months, 55 patients returned, and five were lost due to follow-up. A statistically significant reduction was seen in all microorganisms at 6, 12, and 18 months compared to baseline values. At 18 months a slight increase in S. mutans, S. sobrinus, and C. albicans was seen. C. dubliniensis was not detected in any cases after full mouth rehabilitation. Caries recurrence was seen in four patients at 18 months. Conclusion: Significant reduction of S. mutans, S. sobrinus, C. albicans, and C. dubliniensis was seen at 6, 12, and 18 months. A complete reduction of only C. dubliniensis was seen. A significant but not permanent reduction of S. mutans, S. sobrinus, and C. albicans. Caries recurrence was seen in 7.27% of patients at 18 months. How to cite this article: Mathew MG, Jeevanandan G, Rathod NN. Evaluation of Changes in Oral Microflora in Children with Early Childhood Caries after Full Mouth Rehabilitation. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(1):21-25.
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PURPOSE: The rising cost of cancer treatment causes out-of-pocket spending among patients or caregivers in lower-middle-income countries, resulting in acute misery and insolvency. This study aimed to assess the financial toxicity associated with cancer treatment and the coping strategies for cancer treatment adopted among the caregivers of patients with cancer in a tertiary cancer care center. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted among the primary caregivers of patients with cancer undergoing curative treatment from March to June 2023. The estimated sample size was 403 caregivers. The financial toxicity was assessed using a modified Comprehensive Score for Financial Toxicity-Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy tool, and coping strategies were explored using a validated questionnaire of 20 questions. Univariate and multivariate analyses investigated the associations and factors influencing financial toxicity. RESULTS: The caregivers recruited in the study were 403; 83.8% were younger than 50 years, and 66.5% were male. The common cancer types included were breast cancer (27.3%), GI cancer (17.9%), head and neck cancer (12.4%), and gynecological cancer (11.6%). The mean financial toxicity score was 22.32 (standard deviation, 9.55), with 64% experiencing moderate to severe financial toxicity. The most common coping strategies used were spending a portion or all of the savings, borrowing money from others, restructuring their spending habits, seeking financial assistance from the cancer center, and resorting to gold loans. CONCLUSION: Screening patients and their primary caregivers using a modified COST tool can help identify families experiencing severe financial toxicity and provide necessary intervention.
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Adaptação Psicológica , Cuidadores , Neoplasias , Humanos , Feminino , Masculino , Neoplasias/psicologia , Neoplasias/economia , Neoplasias/terapia , Cuidadores/psicologia , Cuidadores/economia , Cuidadores/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Transversais , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Adulto , Efeitos Psicossociais da Doença , Países em Desenvolvimento , Gastos em Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Idoso , Capacidades de EnfrentamentoRESUMO
PURPOSE: Intensive care units (ICUs) have significant palliative care needs but lack a reliable care framework. This umbrella review addresses them by synthesising palliative care practices provided at end-of-life to critically ill patients and their families before, during, and after ICU admission. METHODS: Seven databases were systematically searched for systematic reviews, and the umbrella review was conducted according to the guidelines laid out by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). RESULTS: Out of 3122 initial records identified, 40 systematic reviews were included in the synthesis. Six key themes were generated that reflect the palliative and end-of-life care practices in the ICUs and their outcomes. Effective communication and accurate prognostications enabled families to make informed decisions, cope with uncertainty, ease distress, and shorten ICU stays. Inter-team discussions and agreement on a plan are essential before discussing care goals. Recording care preferences prevents unnecessary end-of-life treatments. Exceptional end-of-life care should include symptom management, family support, hydration and nutrition optimisation, avoidance of unhelpful treatments, and bereavement support. Evaluating end-of-life care quality is critical and can be accomplished by seeking family feedback or conducting a survey. CONCLUSION: This umbrella review encapsulates current palliative care practices in ICUs, influencing patient and family outcomes and providing insights into developing an appropriate care framework for critically ill patients needing end-of-life care and their families.
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Introduction: Early childhood caries (ECC) is the most chronic disease affecting children all over the world. Children often complain of pain and need complete rehabilitation, which is often done under general anesthesia due to extensive treatment and behavioral problems that are often encountered. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the total salivary antioxidant capacity of children with severe ECC (S-ECC) before and after complete dental rehabilitation and compare it with caries-free children. Materials and methods: Salivary samples were obtained from 30 children aged 3-5 years and diagnosed with S-ECC, along with 30 age and sex-matched controls. Complete dental rehabilitation under general anesthesia was performed on the children with S-ECC, and follow-up salivary samples were obtained after 3 and 6 months postoperatively. Total salivary antioxidant capacity was measured using a commercially available Oxygen Radical Absorbance Antioxidant Assay measurement kit. At baseline, children with S-ECC had higher total antioxidant capacity (TAC) compared to the controls. Results: A significant difference in total salivary antioxidant capacity between both groups was seen at baseline. At 3 months following, the total salivary antioxidant capacity of children treated for S-ECC was slightly higher than controls but had significantly reduced compared to baseline. At 6 months, there was no significant difference between both groups. Conclusion: Within the limitations of our study, it can be concluded that the total salivary antioxidant capacity associated with children suffering from S-ECC is reduced after complete rehabilitation. How to cite this article: Mathew MG, Jeevanandan G. Comparison of Total Salivary Antioxidant Capacity of Children with and without Severe Early Childhood Caries before and after Complete Dental Rehabilitation. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(3):474-477.
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AIM: This study was designed to evaluate the factors affecting the clinical outcomes of full mouth rehabilitation under general anaesthesia for children with early childhood caries (ECCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective cohort of 200 children with early childhood caries and requiring dental rehabilitation under general anaesthesia was evaluated and treated. Children were recalled at six-month intervals for a period of two years and evaluated for the recurrence of caries and the need for repeat treatment of failed cases. RESULTS: 86.5% of the patients adhered to the six-month recall visits for 24 months. An overall caries recurrence rate of 14.5% was seen. Children who did not adhere to the follow-up plan and visited ad hoc had the highest caries recurrence rate (88%). CONCLUSION: Good compliance with postoperative instructions after full mouth rehabilitation resulted in good oral hygiene and a limited recurrence of caries. Patients with poor compliance with recall visits and postoperative instructions had high rates of caries recurrence. Rehabilitation under general anaesthesia can be considered a viable treatment option for children diagnosed with early childhood caries.
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Aim The study aims to evaluate the postoperative complications and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) following dental general anesthesia for early childhood caries (ECC). Materials and methods Two hundred children aged between three and six requiring full-mouth rehabilitation for general anesthesia were recruited for the study. Demographic data and oral health-related quality of life using the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) were collected before the surgery. Postoperative complications and oral health-related quality of life were evaluated after 24 hours and at a one-week follow-up appointment. Results All 200 children returned for the follow-up appointment after one week. Pain was found to be the most common postoperative complication after 24 hours (52%) and one week (6%). The oral health-related quality of life showed a significant improvement after one week (P < 0.001) Conclusion Children may experience a postoperative complication after full-mouth rehabilitation, which resolves within a week. Dental pain was the most common operative complication in the present study. Oral health-related quality of life showed significant improvement after full-mouth rehabilitation.
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AIM: The aim of this article is to evaluate the perceived outcomes, parental satisfaction, and oral health-related quality of life after full mouth rehabilitation under general anesthesia for children with early childhood caries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 200 children requiring full-mouth rehabilitation under general anesthesia for the management of early childhood caries were recruited for the study. Perceived outcomes, oral health-related quality of life, and parental satisfaction were evaluated at the follow-up visit after six months. RESULTS: All participants reported back for the follow-up visit after six months. Oral health-related quality of life after full-mouth rehabilitation showed statistically significant improvement at follow-up (P <0.001); 97.5% of the parents were satisfied with the treatment. Perceived outcomes were found to be satisfactory, and a significant improvement (P <0.001) was seen after treatment. CONCLUSION: The perceived outcomes of participating parents were met. Significant improvement in oral health was seen after full-mouth rehabilitation under general anesthesia. Parental satisfaction was found to be high at the follow-up visit after six months. Parents found the improvement in the oral and general health of their child to be significant.
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AIM: This prospective cohort study aimed to assess the clinical success, caries recurrence, and oral health-related quality of life of children undergoing full mouth rehabilitation for early childhood caries under general anesthesia. The study sought to understand the long-term impact of these interventions on early childhood caries (ECC) management. METHODOLOGY: The study included 300 children aged three to six years diagnosed with ECC requiring full mouth rehabilitation under general anesthesia. The assessment included clinical success of various dental treatments, caries recurrence rates, and oral health-related quality of life using the Early Child Oral Health Impact Scale at baseline, 12 months, and 24 months post-treatment. Specialized caries preventive protocols were implemented, including education on oral hygiene, reminders, and nutritional guidance. RESULTS: 272 children attended the 12-month follow-up, out of which 11 children had new carious lesions. Two hundred fifty-two children were reported for the 24-month follow-up, in which 19 children reported new carious lesions. The clinical success rate of treatment was found to be high. The oral health-related quality of life showed a significant and sustained improvement from baseline to 12 months and further improvement at 24 months post-treatment. CONCLUSION: Full mouth rehabilitation under general anesthesia is an effective approach for managing ECC in young children, with high clinical success rates and significant improvements in the oral health-related quality of life over two years. Preventive oral health strategies are necessary to maintain these positive outcomes and improve the overall well-being of affected children.
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PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the long-term clinical retention and gingival health of prefabricated zirconia crowns (PZCs) in primary molar teeth cemented using three luting cements. METHODS: Primary molar teeth restored with PZCs (n equals 30 per group) were cemented using glass ionomer cement (GIC), resin-modified GIC (BioCem™), or adhesive resin cement (APC technique: air- particle abrasion, zirconia primer, composite resin). Crown retention, plaque accumulation, and gingival status were evaluated over three years; cumulative crown survival was assessed using Kalpan-Meier analysis. Plaque gingival scores were analyzed for within and between groups using repeated measures one-way analysis of variance. RESULTS: The survival of PZCs cemented using GIC was 76.7 percent, 70 percent for APC, and 50 percent for BioCem™ after three years. The mean survival for PZC in the GIC group (35.5 months) was significantly higher than for APC (34.7 months), and BioCem™ (33 months; P=0.019). Plaque accumulation around GIC-luted crowns was significantly lower (P<0.001; three-year follow-up); gingival outcomes were uniformly favorable between groups. No crown fracture was observed throughout the study period. CONCLUSIONS: Prefabricated zirconia crowns cemented using traditional glass ionomer cement have superior retention and lower plaque accumulation compared to BioCem™ and APC after three years. PZCs provided long-term favorable gingival health outcomes irrespective of the cement used for luting the crowns.
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Cimentação , Cimentos Dentários , Humanos , Cimentos de Ionômeros de Vidro , Cimentos de Resina , Coroas , Dente Molar , Teste de MateriaisRESUMO
Aim: In paediatric dentistry, pain is adversely influenced by a child's level of anxiety. Ironically, the most common form of pain control used in dentistry, local anaesthesia, can itself produce anxiety. One of the techniques to overcome a child's anxiety is using distraction. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of distraction techniques, i.e. audio distraction (AD) and audio-visual distraction (AVD) by measuring salivary stress biomarker (salivary cortisol and salivary alpha-amylase) levels in 3-5 year-old children. Materials and Methods: Forty children aged 3-5 years were divided randomly into two groups; (Group I = AD, Group II = AVD). Cotton pellets were placed in the lingual vestibule to collect a sample of saliva. Children were then asked to wear overhead phones in the AD group, connected to a phone, and rhymes were played. In AVD, a cartoon movie was shown to the children using AV glasses. Simultaneously, local anaesthesia was administrated to children, after which another saliva sample was collected. Biomarker estimation was done using ELISA. Fisher's exact test was used for statistical analysis. Results: Statistically significant results were seen with Group II compared to Group I (cortisol-P = 0.009; salivary alpha-amylase-P = 0.03). Conclusion: Both distraction techniques are effective in reducing stress but compared to AD, AVD is more efficacious.
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alfa-Amilases Salivares , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Anestesia Local , Biomarcadores/análise , Hidrocortisona/análise , Dor , alfa-Amilases Salivares/análiseRESUMO
Talon cusp is a rare dental anomaly which consists of a supernumerary projection from the cingulum towards the incisal edge of the tooth. The cusp is made up of enamel and dentin but pulpal tissue may or may not be present. The occurrence of mandibular talon cusp is a rare entity with only 58 cases reported until now. This article reports a case of talon cusp on a mandibular central incisor along with a literature review of all mandibular talon cusp reported in history.
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Anormalidades Dentárias , Dente Supranumerário , Humanos , Incisivo/diagnóstico por imagem , Incisivo/anormalidades , Mandíbula/diagnóstico por imagem , Coroa do Dente/anormalidades , Anormalidades Dentárias/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
AIM AND OBJECTIVE: To estimate the obturation quality and instrumentation time on comparing traditional hand files and two rotary file types during root canal instrumentation in deciduous molars. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-five deciduous mandibular molars were taken and randomly allotted to three groups (n = 15). Group I: K-hand files, group II: ProTaper Gold rotary file, and group III: Kedo-SG Blue rotary files. Before and after root canal instrumentation, standardized digital radiography was taken and the instrumentation time was also noted. The recorded data were then subjected to statistical analysis utilizing SPSS Software version 22.0. To compare the instrumentation time and quality of obturation between the groups, a Chi-square test and ANOVA with the level of significance at 0.05 were employed. RESULTS: There was no significant difference recorded with reference to the quality of obturation (p > 0.05). However, the difference was noticed to be statistically significant when the instrumentation time between the two rotary groups and the manual instrumentation groups was taken into account (p < 0.05). The rotary systems ProTaper Gold and Kedo-SG Blue exhibited a significantly less instrumentation time on comparing with that of the hand files. CONCLUSION: Concerning the quality of obturation, all three file groups demonstrated almost a similar performance. However, there was a significant difference noticed in the instrumentation time with the use of manual instrumentation in comparison to rotary instrumentation in deciduous teeth. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Preethy NA, Jeevanandan G, Mathew MG, et al. Evaluation of Quality of Obturation Using Two Different Rotary Files and Hand Files in Primary Teeth: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021;14(4):471-474.