[Consequence of hypertensive disorders during pregnancy (THE) on women's cardiovascular health]. / Consecuencia de los trastornos hipertensivos durante el embarazo (THE) sobre la salud cardiovascular de la mujer.

Patients with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are at increased risk of maternal-fetal complications and represent the third leading cause of maternal mortality. To date, it is known that women experiencing this condition during pregnancy have a higher future risk of cardiovascular events (CVD). Our objective was to report the incidence of new-onset hypertension in the postpartum period. We conducted a cohort study in high-risk pregnant patients who underwent ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) between weeks 20-30. Patients were categorized as normotensive (NT) or gestational hypertensive (GH), excluding those with chronic hypertension, and were followed until the end of pregnancy with a postpartum assessment after 3months. Patients with HDP (39%) had a higher incidence of preeclampsia and newborns with low birth weight and preterm birth. A total of 177 pregnant women were analyzed for the primary outcome. Among those with GH, 33.3% vs 17.2% of NT (P=.014) reported new-onset hypertension. The odds ratio for developing new-onset hypertension was 2.3 (95%CI: 1.20-4.77), for those with GH. In conclusion, pregnant patients with GH assessed by ABPM between 20-30weeks are at higher risk of developing new-onset hypertension in the postpartum period, emphasizing the need for closer monitoring and control to prevent future cardiovascular complications.

[Prevalence, knowledge and control of arterial hypertension in vulnerable neighborhoods of Argentina: A Cross-sectional Study]. / Estudio de prevalencia, conocimiento y control de la hipertensión arterial en barrios vulnerables de Argentina.

INTRODUCTION: Hypertension (HTN) represents the primary individual risk factor, contributing significantly to the global burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). In our country, epidemiological research has highlighted substantial variations in the prevalence of these risk factors across different populations. However, there is a lack of epidemiological studies assessing exclusive cardiovascular risk factors within vulnerable neighborhoods characterized by extremely limited economic resources, sociocultural challenges, and inadequate healthcare access. METHODS: A multicenter cross-sectional observational study was conducted among individuals residing in economically deprived and marginalized communities, including informal settlements and underprivileged neighborhoods. Simple random sampling of households was employed. Blood pressure measurements, anthropometric assessments, and epidemiological, economic, and sociocultural questionnaires were administered. Results encompass prevalence rates, awareness levels, and blood pressure control across diverse regions. Logistic regression was utilized to identify independent variables influencing primary outcomes. RESULTS: A total of 989 participants were analyzed. The overall prevalence of hypertension was 48.2%. About 82% had a body mass index (BMI) >25. Approximately 45.3% had less than 6 years of formal education. Independent association was established between education levels below 6 years and higher hypertension prevalence. Among hypertensive individuals, 44% were unaware of their condition, with only 17.2% achieving control, correlated with having health insurance and a higher educational background. Merely 24% were receiving combined therapy. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of hypertension within vulnerable neighborhoods is alarmingly high, surpassing rates in other social strata. Knowledge, treatment, and control levels of hypertension are suboptimal, comparable to other populations. Inadequate use of combination therapy was observed. This study underscores the urgent need for targeted interventions addressing cardiovascular risk factors in poor areas to mitigate the burden of CVD.

[Isolated nocturnal hypertension in individuals with human immunodeficiency virus]. / Hipertensión nocturna aislada en individuos con el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana.

INTRODUCTION: Isolated nocturnal hypertension is associated with a greater number of cardiovascular events and target organ damage due to arterial hypertension. It has been observed that patients in the general population with this entity do not have high blood pressure figures in the office; and it is necessary to perform an outpatient measurement to unmask it. The prevalence in special populations is not fully described. The objective of the following study is to describe the prevalence of isolated nocturnal hypertension in a population living with the human immunodeficiency virus and to observe its relationship with the categories of office blood pressure and the phenotypes of the 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure measurement. METHODOLOGY: A retrospective cohort was carried out in a population with human immunodeficiency virus in a public hospital in Spain, clinical epidemiological characteristics, office blood pressure measurements and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure measurement (ABPM) were recorded. An analysis was performed based on the different ABPM blood pressure phenotypes, as well as based on the different office blood pressure categories, the risks for isolated nocturnal hypertension were calculated. RESULTS: One hundred and sixteen individuals, without antihypertensive medication or history of established cardiovascular disease, were included in the analysis. A prevalence of nocturnal hypertension of 23.3% was described. It was not possible to demonstrate significant differences between phenotypes by ABPM of any variable specific to HIV. There were no adjusted risk differences between the different categories of office normotensives. CONCLUSIONS: Isolated nocturnal hypertension is more frequent in patients with HIV and office blood pressure values in normotensive patients are not sufficient to predict isolated nocturnal hypertension.

Brain derived neurotrophic factor and neurotrophin-4 employ different intracellular pathways to modulate norepinephrine uptake and release in rat hypothalamus.

Classical actions of the neurotrophin family are related to cellular survival and differentiation. Moreover, acute effects of neurotrophins have been reported. Although neurotrophins effects on synaptic transmission at central nervous system level have been largely studied, acute effects of neurotrophins on hypothalamic noradrenergic transmission are still poorly understood. Thus, we have studied the effects of the neurotrophin family members nerve growth factor (NGF), brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophin-4 (NT-4) on norepinephrine (NE) neuronal uptake and its evoked release, as well as the receptor and the intracellular pathways involved in these processes in rat hypothalamus. Present results indicate that BDNF increased NE uptake and decreased its evoked release through a mechanism that involve Trk B receptor and phospholipase C. Moreover, NT-4, also through the Trk B receptor, decreased NE uptake and its evoked release by activating phosphatidylinositol 3-OH-kinase. These effects were observed in whole hypothalamus as well as in the anterior hypothalamic zone. On the other hand, NGF did not modify noradrenergic transmission. In conclusion, we showed for the first time that BDNF and NT-4 activate two different intracellular signalling pathways through a Trk B receptor dependent mechanism. Furthermore, present findings support the hypothesis that BDNF and NT-4 acutely applied, could be considered as modulators of noradrenergic transmission and thus may regulate hypothalamic physiological as well as pathophysiological responses.

Infeccao intestinal por "Campylobacter". Estudo clinico de 12 casos. / Intestinal infection by Campylobacter: clinical study of 12 cases

O Campylobacter fetus ss jejuni (CFJ) apenas recentemente foi identificado como agente etiologico de infeccoes intestinais em nosso meio. Analisamos 1.095 amostras fecais de criancas portadoras de diarreia aguda, no periodo de setembro/81 a maio/82 O CFJ foi pesquisado pela microscopia de contraste de fase. Foram detectados 14 casos de infeccao por CFJ (1,3%). O estudo clinico de 12 casos mostrou predominancia do sexo masculino de 3:1. A faixa etaria mais atingida foi de zero a 12 meses (50%) Os sinais e sintomas mais comuns foram: diarreia (100%), febre (83%), dor abdominal (50%), sangue nas fezes (50%), vomitos (41%) e desidratacao (16%). A hipotese diagnostica dessa afeccao pode ser levantada com bases clinicas e confirmada com seguranca e rapidez pelo exame direto das fezes