Molecular enantiorecognition of l-glucose and d-glucose in whole blood samples.

In the past years, enantioanalysis became very important for clinical analysis; biomarkers/substances of biomedical importance with chiral structure should be analyzed and their presence correlated with the specific disorder. Therefore, we developed a method for the assay of l- and d-glucose, based on molecular recognition of l- and d-glucose. While for d-glucose there are many methods to assess its quantity, the l-enantiomer is not routinely detected by standard methods. Two stochastic microsensors based on the immobilization of Copper(II)phthalocyanine and Ni(II)phthalocyanine, in natural diamond powder, were proposed for the enantioanalysis of glucose. The proposed methods proved to have high sensitivities and were able to be used for determination of concentrations as low as 2.5 pg mL-1 for d-glucose and as low as 2.5 fg mL-1 for l-glucose. The enatioanalysis was performed with good results in whole blood samples collected from diabetic patients.

Fast Screening of Whole Blood Samples and Pharmaceutical Compounds for Enantiorecognition of Free L-T3 , L-T4 , and D-T4.

A fast screening method of whole blood was proposed for enantiorecognition of free L-T3 , L-T4 , and D-T4 . Stochastic microsensors based on four inulins (IN, IQ, TEX, and HD) immobilized on diamond paste (DP) were used for recognition of free L-T3 , L-T4 , and D-T4 . For the enantiorecognition of free L-T4 and D-T4 in whole blood and pharmaceutical samples, the best microsensor was the one based on TEX/DP (wide linear concentration ranges, and low limits of quantification). The best limit of detection for the assay of free L-T3 (400 fmol/L) was recorded using the microsensors based on HD/DP, while for the assay of free L-T4, and D-T4 the best limit of determination (1 pmol/L) was recorded using the TX/DP-based microsensor. For the enantiorecognition of free L-T3 in whole blood and pharmaceutical samples the best microsensor was the one based on HD/DP (the wider linear concentration range, and the lower limit of quantification - of pmol/L magnitude order). For the enantiorecognition of free L-T3 in whole blood and pharmaceutical samples the best microsensor was the one based on HD/DP (the wider linear concentration range, and the lower limit of quantification - of pmol/L magnitude order). Free L-T3 , L-T4 , and D-T4 were recovered with high reliabilities in whole blood samples (recoveries higher than 99.00%, with RSD values lower than 1.00%) and pharmaceutical samples (recoveries higher than 95.00% with RSD values lower than 1.00%).