RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: The aim of the study was to describe trauma injuries associated with rope bullfights in the Azores, Portugal, regarding the cause of the incident, trauma mechanism, most affected anatomical areas, and injury severity. METHODS: Two-year cross-sectional study in the local hospital with prospective data collection. Patients who were consecutively admitted to the local hospital's emergency department with trauma injuries from the bull's direct impact or from falls either during the bull's escape or when handling the rope, were included. Data on general demographics, lesion characteristics, treatments, need for hospitalization and mortality were collected. RESULTS: Fifty-six incidents and 80 trauma injuries were identified. The main cause of trauma was the bull's direct impact (37; 66.07%) and the mechanism of injury was blunt trauma in all patients (100%; 56). Head and neck injuries (27; 33.75%) were the most common. The median Injury Severity Score at the emergency department admission was 4. Major trauma was noted in five patients (8.92%). Ten patients (17.85%) needed hospitalization with a median hospital stay of seven days. Three of the 10 hospitalized patients (30%) were previously admitted to the intensive care unit. Surgery was performed in six patients (10.71%). CONCLUSION: The main cause of trauma was the bull's direct impact, and the mechanism of injury was blunt trauma. The most affected anatomical areas were the head and neck. These findings are a wake-up call to the impact of these events regarding the economic costs they entail, the costs for the health of the local population, the safety measures currently implemented and the availability of the necessary means to treat these patients.
Introdução: O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar as lesões traumáticas tauromáquicas ocorridas nas touradas à corda nos Açores no que diz respeito à causa do incidente, mecanismo de trauma, área anatómica mais afetada e gravidade das lesões. Métodos: Estudo unicêntrico, transversal, com a colheita prospetiva de dados realizada durante dois anos. Foram incluídos os doentes que consecutivamente recorreram ao serviço de urgência do hospital local por lesões traumáticas ocorridas por trauma direto com o animal ou quedas aquando da fuga ou manuseio da corda. Foram colhidos dados demográficos gerais, características da lesão, tratamentos efetuados, necessidade de internamento hospitalar e mortalidade. Foi realizada uma análise estatística descritiva com recurso ao software estatístico SPSS. Resultados: Registaram-se 56 admissões hospitalares e 80 lesões traumáticas. A principal causa de traumatismo foi o trauma direto com o animal (37; 66,07%) e o mecanismo de lesão foi o trauma fechado (56; 100%). As áreas anatómicas mais afetadas foram a cabeça e pescoço (27; 33,75%). A mediana de Injury Severity Score foi de 4 à admissão hospitalar. Cinco doentes (8,92%) apresentaram trauma major. Dez doentes (17,85%) necessitaram de internamento hospitalar com uma mediana de dias de internamento de sete (IIQ 4,5 dias). Três (30%) dos doentes internados necessitaram de internamento em unidade de cuidados intensivos. Seis doentes (10,71%) foram submetidos a cirurgia. Conclusão: A principal causa de traumatismo foi o trauma direto com o animal e o mecanismo de lesão foi o trauma fechado. As áreas anatómicas mais afetadas foram a cabeça e pescoço. Estes dados constituem um alerta para o impacto destes eventos no que diz respeito aos custos económicos que acarretam, aos custos para a saúde da população local, às medidas de segurança atualmente implementadas e à disponibilidade dos meios necessários para tratar estes doentes.
Assuntos
Hospitalização , Ferimentos não Penetrantes , Humanos , Masculino , Animais , Bovinos , Estudos Transversais , Açores , Tempo de Internação , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
One of the priorities in family and community care is the epidemiological surveillance of the care needs and dysfunctionality present in populations of highly complex chronic patients (HCCPs) using standardised nursing languages. The aim of this study is to establish the prevalence of care needs and dysfunctionality among HCCPs in a specific health area by municipalities and geographical areas (metropolitan, north, and south) while verifying correlations with sociodemographic, financial, and health characteristics. This is an epidemiological, observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study carried out with a sample of 51,374 HCCPs, whose data were grouped into 31 municipalities. Data were collected on the following variables: sociodemographic, financial, health, functional status (health patterns), and care needs (nursing diagnoses). The mean age of the HCCPs was 73.41 (1.45) years, of which 56.18 (2.86)% were women. The municipalities in the northern area have a significantly higher proportion of older patients, HCCPs, lower incomes, and higher unemployment rates. The southern area had higher proportions of non-Spanish nationals and professionals in the hotel and catering industry, and the metropolitan area had a higher proportion of employed individuals and higher levels of education. Northern municipalities had a higher prevalence of illnesses and anxiolytic and anti-psychotic treatments. Dysfunctionality frequencies did not differ significantly by area. However, a higher prevalence of 13 nursing diagnoses was observed in the north. A high number of correlations were observed between population characteristics, dysfunctionality, and prevalent diagnoses. Finally, the frequencies of dysfunctionality in the population and the most common care needs were mapped by municipality. This research sought to ascertain whether there was an unequal distribution of these two aspects among HCCPs in order to gain a deeper epidemiological understanding of them from a family and community perspective using standardised nursing languages. This study was not registered.
RESUMO
Se reporta el caso de paciente femenino de 34 años de edad, con historia de otitis media crónica y cirugía mastoidea en su infancia que en su vida adulta presenta hipoacusia conductiva unilateral progresiva, sintomatología vestibular, acúfeno y otalgia ipsilateral de un año de evolución. Los hallazgos tanto en estudios de imagen como trans operatorio fueron de una neoformación que ocupaba y ampliaba antro y mastoides con un defecto óseo hacia fosa posterior. La lesión fue resecada vía transmastoidea. El reporte histopatológico señalaba quiste dermoide mastoideo
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Cisto Dermoide/diagnóstico , Cisto Dermoide/terapia , Processo Mastoide/patologia , Teratoma/etiologia , Perda Auditiva/etiologia , Otite Média/patologia , Vestíbulo do Labirinto/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
Objetivo: identificar la relación de la función de la trompa de Eustaquio con los resultados anatómicos y funcionales de timpanoplastia efectuada a pacientes con otitis media crónica. Diseño: estudio prospectivo, longitudinal, clínico controlado, comparativo, no cegado. Material y métodos: se estudiaron 55 pacientes en el Departamento de Otorrinolaringología del Hospital General, Centro Médico Nacional La Raza. Se les practicó estudio audiométrico con logoaudiometría, valoración de la función de la trompa de Eusaquio mediante impedanciometría, y timpanoplastia retroauricular. Resultados: se trató de 19 pacientes masculinos y 36 femeninos, promedio de edad 32 años. La función posoperatoria de la trompa de Eustaquio cambió en 29.1 por ciento y se mantuvo igual en 69.1 por ciento. La integración del injerto se logró en 26 casos (96.3 por ciento) del grupo con buena función tubaria y en 28 (100 por ciento) del grupo con mala función tubaria. La movilidad del injerto fue normal en 80 por ciento y anormal en 18.2 por ciento. Se obtuvo ganancia auditiva en 89.1 por ciento (siendo mayor en frecuencias bajas sobre todo en 250 Hz), 9.1 por ciento sin ganancia y no hubo casos con pérdida autidiva. Conclusión: la función de la rompa de Eustauio no influye en el resultado de la timpanoplastia y es posible continuar con las intervenciones quirúrgicas en pacientes con mala función tubaria preoperatoria, ya que su condición no modifica los resultados