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1.
J Am Chem Soc ; 138(29): 9009-12, 2016 07 27.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27400396

RESUMO

Using an electrostatic-based super inkjet printer we report the high-resolution deposition of polyelectrolyte macroinitiators and subsequent polymer brush growth using SI-ARGET-ATRP. We go on to demonstrate for the first time a submicron patterning phenomenon through the addition of either a like charged polyelectrolyte homopolymer or through careful control of ionic strength. As a result patterning of polymer brushes down to ca. 300 nm is reported. We present a possible mechanistic model and consider how this may be applied to other polyelectrolyte-based systems as a general method for submicron patterning.

2.
JAMA Oncol ; 7(6): 869-877, 2021 06 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33983395

RESUMO

Importance: Older and/or frail patients are underrepresented in landmark cancer trials. Tailored research is needed to address this evidence gap. Objective: The GO2 randomized clinical trial sought to optimize chemotherapy dosing in older and/or frail patients with advanced gastroesophageal cancer, and explored baseline geriatric assessment (GA) as a tool for treatment decision-making. Design, Setting, and Participants: This multicenter, noninferiority, open-label randomized trial took place at oncology clinics in the United Kingdom with nurse-led geriatric health assessment. Patients were recruited for whom full-dose combination chemotherapy was considered unsuitable because of advanced age and/or frailty. Interventions: There were 2 randomizations that were performed: CHEMO-INTENSITY compared oxaliplatin/capecitabine at Level A (oxaliplatin 130 mg/m2 on day 1, capecitabine 625 mg/m2 twice daily on days 1-21, on a 21-day cycle), Level B (doses 0.8 times A), or Level C (doses 0.6 times A). Alternatively, if the patient and clinician agreed the indication for chemotherapy was uncertain, the patient could instead enter CHEMO-BSC, comparing Level C vs best supportive care. Main Outcomes and Measures: First, broad noninferiority of the lower doses vs reference (Level A) was assessed using a permissive boundary of 34 days reduction in progression-free survival (PFS) (hazard ratio, HR = 1.34), selected as acceptable by a forum of patients and clinicians. Then, the patient experience was compared using Overall Treatment Utility (OTU), which combines efficacy, toxic effects, quality of life, and patient value/acceptability. For CHEMO-BSC, the main outcome measure was overall survival. Results: A total of 514 patients entered CHEMO-INTENSITY, of whom 385 (75%) were men and 299 (58%) were severely frail, with median age 76 years. Noninferior PFS was confirmed for Levels B vs A (HR = 1.09 [95% CI, 0.89-1.32]) and C vs A (HR = 1.10 [95% CI, 0.90-1.33]). Level C produced less toxic effects and better OTU than A or B. No subgroup benefited from higher doses: Level C produced better OTU even in younger or less frail patients. A total of 45 patients entered the CHEMO-BSC randomization: overall survival was nonsignificantly longer with chemotherapy: median 6.1 vs 3.0 months (HR = 0.69 [95% CI, 0.32-1.48], P = .34). In multivariate analysis in 522 patients with all variables available, baseline frailty, quality of life, and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio were independently associated with OTU, and can be combined in a model to estimate the probability of different outcomes. Conclusions and Relevance: This phase 3 randomized clinical trial found that reduced-intensity chemotherapy provided a better patient experience without significantly compromising cancer control and should be considered for older and/or frail patients. Baseline geriatric assessment can help predict the utility of chemotherapy but did not identify a group benefiting from higher-dose treatment. Trial Registration: isrctn.org Identifier: ISRCTN44687907.


Assuntos
Qualidade de Vida , Neoplasias Gástricas , Idoso , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efeitos adversos , Capecitabina , Idoso Fragilizado , Humanos , Masculino , Oxaliplatina , Neoplasias Gástricas/tratamento farmacológico
3.
Eur J Cancer ; 42(15): 2459-62, 2006 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16934974

RESUMO

Multidisciplinary team meetings (MDT's) form part of the daily work in most hospitals caring for cancer patients as a form of institutionalised communication. The degree of organisation and the type of communication in these MDTs has a direct impact on the quality of patient care provided. One resulting decision from a multidisciplinary discussion is more accurate and effective than the sum of all individual opinions. Other benefits include consistency in the standard of patient management offered, a teaching element for junior doctors and improvement in communication between different specialists. An MDT needs mature leadership to produce a democratic climate allowing for open and constructive discussion. Controversies, which are inevitable within a team who are striving to reach decisions concerning complex situations, therefore require a variety of approaches for dealing with them when they occur. As MDT's are a key component in a professional's routine, it is worthwhile spending time considering the organisations, targets, documentation and collaboration within the MDT.


Assuntos
Comunicação Interdisciplinar , Serviço Hospitalar de Oncologia/organização & administração , Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente/organização & administração , Tomada de Decisões , Humanos , Relações Interprofissionais , Serviço Hospitalar de Oncologia/normas , Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente/normas
4.
Head Neck ; 27(9): 814-24, 2005 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16086411

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Head and neck sarcomas are extremely rare. This article reviews the management and outcomes in a multidisciplinary clinic. METHODS: The records of 41 male and 19 female patients (mean age, 50 years) were reviewed. Forty percent underwent surgical resection only, 35% underwent surgery and adjuvant therapy, and 25% underwent radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy without surgery. Seventy-one percent had complete histologic clearance. RESULTS: The mean follow-up was 3 years and 10 months, with an overall 5-year survival rate of 60%. Completeness of surgical excision was highly significant in determining 5-year local control (p < .025), and the addition of adjuvant radiotherapy had a major effect on local control, but only if complete surgical clearance had been achieved (p < .025). As expected, patients with more aggressive tumors had a significantly poorer overall prognosis, and achieving local control led to an enhanced 5-year survival (p < .025). CONCLUSION: These tumors are best managed in multidisciplinary clinics, and the mainstay of treatment is wide local excision and planned postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy.


Assuntos
Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/mortalidade , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/terapia , Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente , Sarcoma/mortalidade , Sarcoma/terapia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Quimioterapia Adjuvante , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/mortalidade , Radioterapia Adjuvante , Estudos Retrospectivos , Taxa de Sobrevida , Reino Unido/epidemiologia
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