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1.
Avian Pathol ; 52(4): 264-276, 2023 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37194644

RESUMO

We previously described cardiomyocyte abnormality caused by Km_5666 strain, a variant of fowl glioma-inducing virus (FGV) prototype, which is an avian leukosis virus (ALV). However, the cardiac involvement appeared to be eradicated from the flock after a few years. An epidemiological survey from 2017 to 2020 was performed to elucidate the current prevalence of the cardiopathogenic strains in this flock. Four of the 71 bantams pathologically examined showed both glioma and cardiomyocyte abnormality, from which three ALV strains were detected. DNA sequencing revealed that several different ALV strains coexisted in each bantam and that the conserved Km_5666 virus fluid also contained at least two different ALV strains. We generated three infectious molecular clones from these samples, named KmN_77_clone_A, KmN_77_clone_B, and Km_5666_clone. The envSU of KmN_77_clone_A shared high sequence identity with that of Km_5666 (94.1%). In contrast, the envSU of KmN_77_clone_B showed >99.2% nucleotide similarity with that of an FGV variant without cardiopathogenicity. Furthermore, Km_5666_clone experimentally reproduced both gliomas and cardiomyocyte abnormality in chickens. From these results, it is suggested that the pathogenic determinant of cardiomyocyte abnormality is located in envSU similar to that of Km_5666. The cloning technique described here is beneficial for evaluating the viral pathogenicity in cases where affected birds are coinfected with several different ALV strains.


Assuntos
Vírus da Leucose Aviária , Leucose Aviária , Glioma , Doenças das Aves Domésticas , Animais , Vírus da Leucose Aviária/genética , Galinhas , Glioma/veterinária , Células Clonais/patologia
2.
Avian Pathol ; 49(5): 440-447, 2020 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32301629

RESUMO

ABSTRACT The prototype fowl glioma-inducing virus (FGVp) causes fowl glioma and cerebellar hypoplasia in chickens. In this study, we investigated whether a strain of avian leukosis virus (ALV), associated with avian osteopetrosis and mesenchymal neoplasms, is able to induce fowl glioma. We encountered avian osteopetrosis and mesenchymal neoplasms, including myxosarcoma and rhabdomyosarcoma, in Japanese native chickens used for both egg-laying and meat production. These birds were also affected by non-suppurative encephalitis and glioma in their brains. Four ALV strains (GifN_001, GifN_002, GifN_004, GifN_005) were isolated, and a phylogenic analysis of envSU showed that these isolates were classified into different clusters from FGVp and the variants previously reported. Whereas the envSU shared a high identity (94.7%) with that of Rous sarcoma virus (strain Schmidt-Ruppin B) (RSV-SRB), the identity between envTM of GifN_001 and that of FGVp was high (94.5%), indicating that GifN_strains may emerge by recombination between FGVp and other exogenous ALVs. Specific-pathogen-free chickens inoculated in ovo with GifN_001 revealed fowl glioma and cerebellar hypoplasia. These results suggest that the newly isolated strains have acquired neuropathogenicity to chickens.


Assuntos
Vírus da Leucose Aviária/patogenicidade , Leucose Aviária/virologia , Galinhas/virologia , Glioma/veterinária , Osteopetrose/veterinária , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/virologia , Animais , Vírus da Leucose Aviária/classificação , Vírus da Leucose Aviária/genética , Cerebelo/anormalidades , Cerebelo/virologia , Embrião de Galinha , Deficiências do Desenvolvimento/virologia , Encefalite/veterinária , Encefalite/virologia , Feminino , Glioma/virologia , Mixossarcoma/veterinária , Mixossarcoma/virologia , Malformações do Sistema Nervoso/veterinária , Malformações do Sistema Nervoso/virologia , Osteopetrose/virologia , Filogenia , Recombinação Genética , Rabdomiossarcoma/veterinária , Rabdomiossarcoma/virologia , Organismos Livres de Patógenos Específicos
3.
BMC Vet Res ; 12: 67, 2016 Mar 31.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27036194

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: GM1 and GM2 gangliosidoses are progressive neurodegenerative lysosomal storage diseases resulting from the excessive accumulation of GM1 and GM2 gangliosides in the lysosomes, respectively. The diagnosis of gangliosidosis is carried out based on comprehensive findings using various types of specimens for histological, ultrastructural, biochemical and genetic analyses. Therefore, the partial absence or lack of specimens might have resulted in many undiagnosed cases. The aim of the present study was to establish immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent techniques for the auxiliary diagnosis of canine and feline gangliosidoses, using paraffin-embedded brain specimens stored for a long period. RESULTS: Using hematoxylin and eosin staining, cytoplasmic accumulation of pale to eosinophilic granular materials in swollen neurons was observed in animals previously diagnosed with GM1 or GM2 gangliosidosis. The immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent techniques developed in this study clearly demonstrated the accumulated material to be either GM1 or GM2 ganglioside. CONCLUSIONS: Immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent techniques using stored paraffin-embedded brain specimens are useful for the retrospective diagnosis of GM1 and GM2 gangliosidoses in dogs and cats.


Assuntos
Doenças do Gato/diagnóstico , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico , Gangliosídeo G(M1)/metabolismo , Gangliosídeo G(M2)/metabolismo , Gangliosidoses/veterinária , Animais , Encéfalo/patologia , Gatos , Cães , Imunofluorescência/veterinária , Gangliosidoses/diagnóstico , Imuno-Histoquímica/veterinária , Inclusão em Parafina , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Estudos Retrospectivos
4.
Vet Radiol Ultrasound ; 56(1): 55-62, 2015.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24846763

RESUMO

Abdominal ultrasonography is one of the most common diagnostic imaging modalities used for dogs with suspected insulinoma; however, pancreatic masses are clearly identified in fewer than half of affected dogs and benign pancreatic nodules can be difficult to differentiate from malignant ones. The purpose of this prospective study was to describe contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) characteristics of confirmed pancreatic insulinoma in a group of dogs. Inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) repeated hypoglycemia (blood glucose levels <60 mg/dl, twice or more); (2) elevated blood insulin levels with hypoglycemia; (3) pancreatic nodules detected with conventional ultrasonography; and (4) histological confirmation of pancreatic islet cell carcinoma. Immediately following conventional ultrasonography of the entire abdomen, CEUS of the pancreatic nodule and adjacent parenchyma was performed using contrast-specific technology pulse inversion imaging and perflubutane microbubble contrast agent. Three dogs met inclusion criteria. Pancreatic nodules in all the three dogs became more clearly demarcated after injection of the contrast agent. Each nodule showed different enhancement patterns: markedly hyperechoic for 5 s, slightly hyperechoic for 1 s, and clearly hypoechoic for over 30 s. These results were not in complete agreement with previously reported CEUS findings in human patients with insulinoma. All nodules were surgically resected and histopathologically confirmed as malignant insulinomas. Findings from the current study indicated that contrast-enhanced ultrasound may help to increase conspicuity of pancreatic insulinomas in dogs and that enhancement characteristics may be more variable in dogs than in humans.


Assuntos
Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico por imagem , Insulinoma/veterinária , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/veterinária , Abdome/diagnóstico por imagem , Animais , Meios de Contraste , Cães , Feminino , Fluorocarbonos , Hiperinsulinismo/veterinária , Hipoglicemia/veterinária , Aumento da Imagem , Insulinoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Microbolhas , Pancreatectomia/veterinária , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/diagnóstico por imagem , Estudos Prospectivos , Ultrassonografia
5.
Avian Pathol ; 43(2): 135-8, 2014.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24498885

RESUMO

Congenital cerebellar anomalies have been rarely reported in birds. We examined cerebellums with disorganized folia from seven specific-pathogen-free White Leghorn chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus). Islands of heterotopic cortex were distributed from the deeper cortices to the medulla in the cerebellum. The characteristic lesions were composed of randomly admixed components of the cerebellar cortex, including Purkinje cells, a molecular layer and granular cells. Immunofluorescent analysis revealed Purkinje cells with haphazardly extended dendrites and a lack of Bergmann's glial fibres in the foci. Chicken parvovirus, Aino virus and avian retrovirus were not detected in the affected birds by polymerase chain reaction. This is the first report of cerebellar dysplasia in chickens possibly caused by a genetic abnormality.


Assuntos
Doenças Cerebelares/veterinária , Galinhas/anormalidades , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/congênito , Animais , Doenças Cerebelares/congênito , Cerebelo/anormalidades , Feminino , Masculino , Organismos Livres de Patógenos Específicos
6.
Avian Pathol ; 43(5): 437-42, 2014.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25117822

RESUMO

Fowl glioma is characterized morphologically by multiple nodular astrocytic growth with disseminated non-suppurative encephalitis. The disease is caused by fowl glioma-inducing virus (FGV) and its variants, belonging to subgroup A of avian leukosis virus (ALV-A). Fifty-seven FGV variants have so far been isolated from Japanese fowls and these variants have a variable degree of glioma inducibility. However, how these ALVs induce glioma with different degrees and frequencies has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the relationship between intracerebral viral replication and astrocytic growth in the early infectious phase. Replication abilities of two ALV strains, Sp-53 (a FGV variant) and ALV-based replication-competent vector RCAS(A) without glioma inducibility, were compared in the brains of C/O specific pathogen free chickens at 35 days of age. Sp-53 replicated faster than RCAS(A), and the histological score and the level of interleukin (IL)-1ß in brains increased depending on the level of intracerebral viral RNA. Up-regulation of IL-1ß was also demonstrated in primary cultured astrocytes. These results suggest that the astrocytic growth in this phase is enhanced through the autocrine/paracrine production of IL-1ß in the FGV-infected astrocytes.


Assuntos
Astrócitos/fisiologia , Comunicação Autócrina/fisiologia , Vírus da Leucose Aviária/classificação , Glioma/veterinária , Interleucina-1beta/metabolismo , Comunicação Parácrina/fisiologia , Animais , Astrócitos/citologia , Leucose Aviária/metabolismo , Leucose Aviária/virologia , Linhagem Celular , Galinhas , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Glioma/virologia , Interleucina-1beta/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Organismos Livres de Patógenos Específicos , Carga Viral , Replicação Viral
7.
J Vet Med Sci ; 2024 Jul 24.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39048381

RESUMO

Microsporidia can cause infection in various animals and humans. To determine the recent prevalence of Encephalitozoon in companion birds in Japan, 364 bird feces and 16 conjunctival exudates, as well as 28 exhibition bird feces, were examined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Thirty-five (9.6%) feces and 2 (12.5%) conjunctival exudates from companion birds were PCR positive, and sequence analysis revealed that all detected organisms were Encephalitozoon hellem genotype 1A. The prevalence by region varied from 4.5% in the Shikoku region to 14.3% in the Chugoku region. By age, the prevalence in birds younger than 6 months of age was 13.3%. We also discuss the threat of human infection as a zoonotic disease.

8.
J Vet Diagn Invest ; 35(5): 484-491, 2023 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37452573

RESUMO

The fowl glioma-inducing virus prototype (FGVp) and its variants, which belong to avian leukosis virus subgroup A (ALV-A), induce cardiomyocyte abnormalities and gliomas in chickens. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these myocardial changes remain unclear, and ALV-induced tumorigenesis, which is caused by proviral insertional mutagenesis, does not explain the early development of cardiac changes in infected chickens. We established a quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay to measure ALV-A proviral loads in the brains and hearts of FGV-infected Japanese bantam chickens and compared these results with morphologic lesions. Four of 22 bantams had both gliomas and cardiac lesions. Hearts with cardiac lesions had a higher proviral load (10.3 ± 2.7 proviral copies/nucleus) than those without cardiac lesions (0.4 ± 0.4), suggesting that the proviral load in hearts is correlated with the frequency of myocardial changes. Our qPCR method may be useful in the study of ALV-induced cardiomyocyte abnormalities.


Assuntos
Vírus da Leucose Aviária , Glioma , Doenças das Aves Domésticas , Carga Viral , Animais , Vírus da Leucose Aviária/genética , Galinhas , Glioma/patologia , Glioma/veterinária , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/virologia , Provírus/genética
9.
Avian Pathol ; 41(3): 299-309, 2012.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22702458

RESUMO

Fowl glioma-inducing virus (FGV), which belongs to avian leukosis virus (ALV) subgroup A, induces fowl glioma. This disease is characterized by multiple nodular gliomatous growths of astrocytes and has been previously reported in Europe, South Africa, Australia, the United States and Japan. FGV and FGV variants have spread to ornamental Japanese fowl, including Japanese bantams (Gallus gallus domesticus), in Japan. However, it is unclear how and where FGV emerged and whether FGV is related to the past fowl glioma in European countries. In this study, the prevalence of FGV in European, Asian and Japanese native chickens was examined. FGV could not be isolated from any chickens in Germany and Asian countries other than Japan. Eighty (26%) out of 307 chickens reared in Japan were positive by FGV-screening nested polymerase chain reaction and 11 FGV variants with an FGV-specific sequence in their 3' untranslated region were isolated. In addition, four other ALVs lacking the FGV-specific sequence were isolated from Japanese bantams with fowl glioma and/or cerebellar hypoplasia. These isolates were considered to be distinct recombinant viruses between FGV variants and endogenous/exogenous avian retroviruses. These results suggest that the variants as well as distinct recombinant ALVs are prevalent among Japanese native chickens in Japan and that FGV may have emerged by recombination among avian retroviruses in the chickens of this country.


Assuntos
Vírus da Leucose Aviária/genética , Galinhas/genética , Variação Genética , Glioma/veterinária , Filogenia , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/epidemiologia , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/virologia , Animais , Sequência de Bases , Galinhas/classificação , Análise por Conglomerados , Primers do DNA/genética , Alemanha/epidemiologia , Glioma/epidemiologia , Glioma/patologia , Glioma/virologia , Japão/epidemiologia , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/patologia , Prevalência , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Especificidade da Espécie
10.
Avian Dis ; 56(1): 35-43, 2012 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22545526

RESUMO

Peripheral nerve sheath tumors (PNSTs) are rare in chickens and their etiology remains to be elucidated. In this study, a naturally occurring PNST in a Japanese native fowl (Gallus gallus domesticus) was pathologically examined and the strain of avian leukosis virus (ALV) isolated from the neoplasm was characterized by molecular biological analysis. The fowl presented with a firm subcutaneous mass in the neck. The mass, connected to the adjacent spinal cord (C9-14), was microscopically composed of highly cellular tissue of spindle cells arranged in interlacing bundles, streams, and palisading patterns with Verocay bodies and less cellular tissue with abundant collagen. Immunohistochemically, neoplastic cells were divided into two types: perineurial cells positive for vimentin, glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), and claudin1; and Schwann cells positive for vimentin, occasionally positive for S-100 alpha/beta but negative for GLUT1. Based on these findings, a diagnosis of neurofibrosarcoma was made. The complete nucleotide sequence of an ALV strain, CTS_5371, isolated from the neoplasm was determined and phylogenetic analysis indicated that the strain was a novel recombinant virus from avian leukosis/sarcoma viruses previously reported. Additionally, experimental infection revealed that CTS_5371 induced the proliferation of Schwann cells and perineurial cells. These results suggest that this ALV strain has the ability to induce PNSTs in chickens.


Assuntos
Vírus da Leucose Aviária/genética , Leucose Aviária/patologia , Galinhas , Neurilemoma/veterinária , Neurofibrossarcoma/veterinária , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/patologia , Animais , Leucose Aviária/virologia , Vírus da Leucose Aviária/classificação , Vírus da Leucose Aviária/isolamento & purificação , DNA Viral/química , DNA Viral/genética , Masculino , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Neurilemoma/patologia , Neurilemoma/virologia , Neurofibrossarcoma/patologia , Neurofibrossarcoma/virologia , Filogenia , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/virologia , RNA Viral/química , RNA Viral/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa/veterinária , Medula Espinal/patologia
11.
Avian Dis ; 66(1): 119-123, 2022 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35230044

RESUMO

Fowl glioma-inducing virus (FGV), a strain of avian leukosis virus (ALV) subgroup A, is the causal agent of fowl glioma characterized by multiple nodular astrocytic growths, gliosis, and lymphocytic encephalitis. Also associated with FGV infection are cases of cerebellar hypoplasia, perineuromas, and nonsuppurative myocarditis. Though fowl glioma has been recognized in several countries, most reports of FGV infection come from Japan. A 9-mo-old brown leghorn from a German farm with nine leghorns was presented to a veterinarian with an impaired general health with torticollis, tremor, and incoordination. Histopathology revealed multifocal nodular astrocytic growths, gliosis, and a lymphoplasmacytic encephalitis. Immunohistochemically, neoplastic astrocytes showed positivity for anti-ALV antibody. FGV was detected in the brain with nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and subsequent sequencing of PCR product. The remaining eight birds were screened for the presence of ALV with real-time RT-PCR. Four leghorns tested positive for exogenous ALV in nested RT-PCR with an identical nucleotide sequence as the leghorn with neurological symptoms. To the authors' knowledge this is the first report of a natural FGV infection in a brown leghorn in Germany with clinical manifestation.


Glioma aviar de manifestación clínica y natural en un pollo Leghorn en Alemania. El virus inductor del glioma del pollo (FGV), una cepa del subgrupo A del virus de la leucosis aviar (ALV), es el agente causal del glioma del pollo caracterizado por crecimientos astrocíticos nodulares múltiples, gliosis y encefalitis linfocítica. También se asocian con la infección por este virus, casos de hipoplasia cerebelar, perineuromas y miocarditis no supurativa. Aunque el glioma aviar se ha reconocido en varios países, la mayoría de los informes de infección por el virus inductor del glioma del pollo provienen de Japón. Un pollo Leghorn marrón de nueve meses de edad proveniente de una granja alemana con nueve aves Leghorns fue remitido a una clínica veterinaria con problemas de salud en general, tortícolis, temblores y falta de coordinación. La histopatología reveló crecimientos astrocíticos nodulares multifocales, gliosis y encefalitis linfoplasmocítica. Inmunohistoquímicamente, los astrocitos neoplásicos mostraron reacción positiva para anticuerpos contra el virus de la leucosis aviar. El virus inductor del glioma del pollo se detectó en el cerebro mediante transcripción reversa y reacción en cadena de la polimerasa anidada (RT-PCR) y con secuenciación posterior del producto de PCR. Las ocho aves restantes se examinaron para detectar la presencia del virus de la leucosis aviar mediante RT-PCR en tiempo real. Cuatro aves Leghorn dieron positivo para virus exógenos de leucosis mediante RT-PCR anidada y con una secuencia de nucleótidos idéntica a la del ave Leghorn con síntomas neurológicos. De acuerdo con el conocimiento de los autores, este es el primer informe de una infección natural por el virus inductor del glioma del pollo en un ave Leghorn marrón en Alemania que presentaba manifestaciones clínicas.


Assuntos
Vírus da Leucose Aviária , Leucose Aviária , Encefalite , Glioma , Animais , Leucose Aviária/patologia , Galinhas , Encefalite/veterinária , Glioma/patologia , Glioma/veterinária , Gliose/veterinária , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real/veterinária
12.
Avian Pathol ; 40(5): 499-505, 2011 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21854177

RESUMO

Fowl glioma-inducing virus (FGV), which belongs to avian leukosis virus subgroup A, causes the so-called fowl glioma and cerebellar hypoplasia in chickens. In the present study, the complete nucleotide sequences of four isolates (Tym-43, U-1, Sp-40 and Sp-53) related to the FGV prototype were determined and their pathogenicity was investigated. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the 3'-long terminal repeat of all isolates grouped together in a cluster, while sequences of the surface (SU) proteins encoded by the env gene of these viruses had 85 to 96% identity with the corresponding region of FGV. The SU regions of Tym-43, U-1 and FGV grouped together in a cluster, but those of Sp-40 and Sp-53 formed a completely separate cluster. Next, C/O specific-pathogen-free chickens were inoculated in ovo with these isolates as well as the chimeric virus RCAS(A)-(FGVenvSU), constructed by substituting the SU region of FGV into the retroviral vector RCAS(A). The four variants induced fowl glioma and cerebellar hypoplasia and the birds inoculated with Sp-53 had the most severe lesions. In contrast, RCAS(A)-(FGVenvSU) provoked only mild non-suppurative inflammation. These results suggest that the ability to induce brain lesions similar to those of the FGV prototype is still preserved in these FGV variants.


Assuntos
Vírus da Leucose Aviária/genética , Vírus da Leucose Aviária/patogenicidade , Leucose Aviária/virologia , Galinhas , Glioma/virologia , Filogenia , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/virologia , Animais , Leucose Aviária/patologia , Sequência de Bases , Análise por Conglomerados , Biologia Computacional , Primers do DNA/genética , Glioma/patologia , Imuno-Histoquímica , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/patologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Organismos Livres de Patógenos Específicos
13.
J Neurovirol ; 16(2): 125-32, 2010 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20345319

RESUMO

Influenza virus-associated encephalopathy (IAE) is a highly mortal neural complication of influenza A virus (IAV) infection, mostly affecting children younger than 5 years old, and the brain pathology of IAE is characterized by peracute brain edema with evidence of an impaired blood-brain barrier. The pathogenesis of IAE is unknown, but hypercytokinemia of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta, and IL-6 is suspected of playing a central role in the development of IAE. Because the brain pathology of IAE is similar to that of septic encephalopathy due to endotoxemia, the effect of combined treatment of IAV and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was tested using suckling mice. The results show that pulmonary infection with non-neurotropic IAV enhanced the neuropathogenicity of LPS and induced encephalopathy that was similar to IAE with respect to the occurrence of central nervous system (CNS) histopathology and the absence of direct infection of IAV in the brain. Influenza A virus also increased blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and induced inflammatory cytokines in the blood. These results suggested that the mice treated with IAV+LPS are possible animal models of IAE, and that hypercytokinemia and/or the involvement of endotoxemia in IAV infection are possible causes of IAE.


Assuntos
Modelos Animais de Doenças , Encefalite Viral/imunologia , Vírus da Influenza A/imunologia , Lipopolissacarídeos/toxicidade , Infecções por Orthomyxoviridae/complicações , Animais , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Barreira Hematoencefálica/patologia , Permeabilidade Capilar , Citocinas/biossíntese , Citocinas/imunologia , Encefalite Viral/etiologia , Encefalite Viral/patologia , Imuno-Histoquímica , Inflamação/imunologia , Inflamação/patologia , Inflamação/virologia , Pneumopatias/complicações , Pneumopatias/patologia , Pneumopatias/virologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos ICR , Infecções por Orthomyxoviridae/imunologia
14.
J Vet Diagn Invest ; 32(5): 747-749, 2020 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32684103

RESUMO

Multilobular tumor of bone (MLTB) is an infrequent, slow-growing, bone neoplasm formed predominantly on the head. These tumors can behave as malignant neoplasms clinically and pathologically and can metastasize occasionally. No cases of MLTB in rodents have been reported, to our knowledge. We describe a novel case of an MLTB in a guinea pig. An adult guinea pig had an exophytic mass fixed on the frontal bone, maxilla, and nasal bone. On radiography, the mass had a spherical contour and variable density and was formed on the surface of the cranial bones. The mass was excised surgically. The cut surface was light-yellow to milky-white and had a granular texture with fine fibrous septa. Histologically, the neoplasm had a multilobular pattern, which consisted of many islands of bone and/or cartilage matrix surrounded by small cells and separated by fibrous septa, which closely resembles the equivalent neoplasm in dogs.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Ósseas/veterinária , Osso Frontal/patologia , Cobaias , Maxila/patologia , Osso Nasal/patologia , Doenças dos Roedores/diagnóstico por imagem , Animais , Animais de Zoológico , Neoplasias Ósseas/classificação , Neoplasias Ósseas/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Ósseas/cirurgia , Doenças dos Roedores/classificação , Doenças dos Roedores/cirurgia
15.
J Vet Diagn Invest ; 32(6): 968-971, 2020 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32930085

RESUMO

Calving difficulty may lead to traumatic peripheral nerve injury. A male, 8-mo-old, Japanese Black calf with a history of secondary dystocia as a result of fetal gigantism had lameness and gait disturbance. At autopsy, multifocal dural thickening with adhesions to the adjacent spinal cord was observed at T12-13 and L4-5 vertebral levels. Microscopically, numerous traumatic neuroma-like fascicles of nerve twigs were embedded in the dura mater with abundant collagenous connective tissue. By immunohistochemistry, axons and Schwann cells were confirmed in each nerve fascicle. Our observations suggest that avulsion injuries in the preganglionic fibers of the spinal nerve roots, and secondary spinal cord compression, resulted in the development of neurologic signs.


Assuntos
Traumatismos do Nascimento/veterinária , Raízes Nervosas Espinhais/lesões , Animais , Traumatismos do Nascimento/complicações , Traumatismos do Nascimento/patologia , Eutanásia Animal , Coxeadura Animal/etiologia , Masculino , Raízes Nervosas Espinhais/patologia
16.
J Vet Diagn Invest ; 21(4): 519-22, 2009 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19564502

RESUMO

The nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) using frozen feather pulp is useful for detecting fowl glioma-inducing virus (FGV), which belongs to the Avian leukosis virus family, and it has recently been suggested that FGV has spread to ornamental chickens kept in Japanese zoological gardens. In the current study, the practicality of using DNA and RNA from dried feather shafts as PCR samples was examined to establish a simple method for tissue preservation. Feather shafts were collected from 7 FGV-positive chickens and stored at room temperature for 30 days. DNA and RNA were extracted from these dried materials. All DNA and complementary DNA (cDNA) prepared from the RNA showed positive results for chicken beta-actin and FGV, respectively. Screening for FGV was performed on Japanese fowls kept in zoological garden N. Of the feather shafts collected from 57 birds, 1 sample tested positive for FGV according to PCR of DNA and cDNA samples from the dried feather shafts. This positive bird originated from zoological garden A and had brain lesions suggestive of fowl glioma. The results suggest that DNA and RNA from dried feather shafts can be used in nPCR to detect the FGV genome.


Assuntos
Vírus da Leucose Aviária/genética , Vírus da Leucose Aviária/isolamento & purificação , Leucose Aviária/virologia , Galinhas , Plumas/virologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterinária , Animais , Sequência de Bases , DNA Viral/genética , DNA Viral/isolamento & purificação , Genoma Viral , Dados de Sequência Molecular , RNA Viral/genética , RNA Viral/isolamento & purificação
17.
J Vet Med Sci ; 71(5): 595-601, 2009 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19498285

RESUMO

Swine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (HEV) causes encephalomyelitis or vomiting and wasting disease in suckling piglets. Neurotoropism of the virus has been demonstrated in previous in vivo studies. In the present study, we investigated the infectivity and propagation of HEV in comparison with those of pseudorabies virus (PRV), another neurotropic virus, using dorsal root ganglia cells of newborn mice containing nerve cells and non-neuronal cells. HEV infected nerve cells but did not infect non-neuronal cells, whereas PRV infected both cell types. By using cytoskeletal inhibitors, it was suggested that propagation of HEV and PRV within and among nerve cells depended on microtubules and intermediate filaments of nerve cells, indicating that the viruses may be transported between the cell body and axonal terminals of neurons by fast axonal flow.


Assuntos
Infecções por Coronavirus/veterinária , Coronavirus/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Gânglios Espinais/virologia , Herpesvirus Suídeo 1/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Neurônios/virologia , Pseudorraiva/virologia , Doenças dos Suínos/virologia , Acrilamida/farmacologia , Animais , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Infecções por Coronavirus/virologia , Citocalasina D/farmacologia , Citoesqueleto/efeitos dos fármacos , Citoesqueleto/virologia , Gânglios Espinais/citologia , Imuno-Histoquímica , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos ICR , Microscopia Confocal , Nocodazol/farmacologia , Suínos
18.
J Vet Med Sci ; 71(10): 1331-6, 2009 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19887739

RESUMO

To evaluate the efficacy of intracerebral (IC) immunization, mice were immunized with a rabies vaccine by the subcutaneous (SC), intramuscular (IM) or IC route, and 10-fold the 50% lethal dose of rabies virus was inoculated into the hindleg of the immunized or non-immunized mice. The antibody titer in serum was elevated and boosted by additional immunization via all routes, but highest after the IC immunization followed by the IM and SC routes, in this order. Intracerebrally immunized mice were completely protected from death and the neurological signs of infection, whereas the IM or SC immunization only partly protected the mice. In mouse models, IC immunization is more effective at inducing a protective immune response against the transneural spread of rabies virus than IM or SC immunization.


Assuntos
Vacina Antirrábica/administração & dosagem , Vacina Antirrábica/imunologia , Raiva/prevenção & controle , Animais , Encéfalo/patologia , Encéfalo/virologia , Vias de Administração de Medicamentos , Feminino , Injeções Intraventriculares , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos ICR
19.
Jpn J Vet Res ; 56(4): 181-8, 2009 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19358445

RESUMO

Rabies virus (RV) is highly neurotropic and migrates to the neuronal soma by retrograde axonal transport from nerve terminals, after which it is taken by anterograde axonal transport to be finally released into the central nervous system (CNS) from which it disseminates, resulting in lethal encephalitis. Dorsal root ganglia (DRG) are crucial in the initial events of the infection by RV since they can act as a gate for the viral entrance into the CNS. In the present study, we examined cell tropism of RV and the roles of neuronal cytoskeletal components in the production of viral nucleoprotein (N protein) using cultured nerve cells and non-neuronal cells from DRG of newborn mice. Our in vitro study demonstrated a low propagation rate of RV in nerve cells, susceptibility of non-neuronal cells to RV, and independence of cytoplasmic synthesis of viral N protein from the neuronal cytoskeleton. The present study also suggests that Schwann cells should be considered as another possible candidate supporting RV propagation.


Assuntos
Proteínas do Citoesqueleto/metabolismo , Citoesqueleto/metabolismo , Citoesqueleto/virologia , Gânglios Espinais/virologia , Proteínas de Neurofilamentos/metabolismo , Vírus da Raiva , Animais , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Células Cultivadas , Transmissão de Doença Infecciosa/veterinária , Imuno-Histoquímica/veterinária , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos ICR
20.
J Vet Med Sci ; 81(8): 1201-1204, 2019 Aug 24.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31308292

RESUMO

Two guereza colobus monkeys (Colobus guereza) reared in a zoological garden in Japan suddenly died of multifocal fibrinonecrotic gastroenteritis and septicemia associated with infection by Yersinia spp. It was necessary to microbiologically differentiate Yersinia frederiksenii and Y. enterocolitica. We described the pathological findings and discuss the causal agent to emphasize the need to revert to using a combination of multiple examinations for diagnosis.


Assuntos
Colobus/microbiologia , Doenças dos Macacos/microbiologia , Yersiniose/veterinária , Yersinia enterocolitica/isolamento & purificação , Yersinia/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Animais de Zoológico/microbiologia , Gastroenterite/etiologia , Gastroenterite/microbiologia , Gastroenterite/veterinária , Japão , Doenças dos Macacos/diagnóstico , Doenças dos Macacos/patologia , Sepse/etiologia , Sepse/microbiologia , Sepse/veterinária , Yersiniose/diagnóstico , Yersiniose/microbiologia , Yersiniose/patologia , Zoonoses/microbiologia
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