Differential gene expression profiles of human periodontal ligament cells preserved in Hank's balanced salt solution and milk.

BACKGROUND/AIM: Various types of storage media have been investigated to preserve avulsed teeth. However, the efficacies of storage media mainly focus on the aspect of cell viability. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the gene expression profiles of human periodontal ligament cells preserved in Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS) and milk over different storage durations. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Human periodontal ligament cells were cultured and preserved in HBSS and milk for 3 and 6 hours. Next, total RNA was isolated. QuantSeq 3' mRNA-Sequencing was used to examine differences in gene expression in HBSS- and milk-grown periodontal ligament cells. Bioinformatics analysis was also performed to predict the function of the differentially expressed genes. RESULTS: The number of differentially expressed genes shared among all groups was 101. In gene set enrichment analysis, the shared differentially expressed genes in HBSS and milk were associated with the TNF-α signaling pathway (P = 1.07E-7 ). Seven hallmark gene sets were also identified in HBSS. Moreover, hallmark gene sets associated with hypoxia (P = 7.26E-5 ) and apoptosis (P = 4.06E-4 ) were identified in HBSS. In milk, 10 hallmark gene sets along with gene sets for inflammatory response (P = 6.87E-3 ) were identified. CONCLUSIONS: Compared to those in milk, genes in HBSS were differentially expressed with increasing storage duration, suggesting that diverse and different gene expression may be involved in HBSS and milk. However, a more detailed functional analysis of these differentially expressed genes in storage solutions should be performed in the future.

The Use of Histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate Solution as a New Storage Medium for the Avulsed Tooth.

INTRODUCTION: Histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate (HTK) is a preservation solution used for organ transplantation. The physiological pH and osmolality of this solution are known to facilitate cell proliferation and cell membrane stabilization. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of several concentrations of HTK solution as a storage medium for avulsed teeth. METHODS: Cultured human periodontal ligament cells were stored in different concentrations of HTK solutions. After 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours, cell viability was assessed using the Cell-Counting Kit-8 (Dojindo Molecular Technologies, Kumamoto, Japan) and LIVE/DEAD (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) assay. Cell response of the most effective concentrations of HTK solution were further analyzed by gene expression profiling, and their cell viability was compared with other storage media. RESULTS: The highest cell viability was observed in 50% HTK solution in various concentrations of HTK solution (P < .05). In periodontal ligament cells stored in 50% HTK solution for 3 hours, the expression of genes related to angiogenesis, the inflammatory response, and cell proliferation was increased compared with the control. Compared with other storage media, the highest cell viability was observed in 50% HTK solution. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that 50% HTK solution containing cell culture medium represents a suitable storage medium for avulsed teeth.

Oral Health of Patients with Special Health Care Needs After General Anesthesia: A 25- Year Retrospective Study.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the oral health state and dental treatment outcomes of patients with special health care needs (SHCN) after general anesthesia (GA), according to their compliance with dental checkups. METHODS: The medical records of SHCN patients who were treated under GA in a dental hospital from 1991 to 2016 were analyzed. The 157 patients in this study were divided into regular (N equals 62) and irregular (n equals 95) dental checkups. RESULTS: The mean age was 16.4 years (range equals two to 52); 96 were male, and 61 were female. In the irregular checkup group, invasive treatments like pulp treatment and extraction were performed more frequently during the checkup period (P<0.05). More patients underwent repeated GA in the irregular group (n equals 35; 36.8 percent) compared to the regular group (n equals six; 9.7 percent; P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In our study, special health care needs patients in the irregular checkup group were approximately four times more likely to undergo repeated general anesthesia than those in the regular group. A regular checkup could reduce repeated GA and severity of dental treatment. Therefore, regular checkups must be included in the treatment plan of SHCN patients.