Malignant hypertension with thrombotic microangiopathy and persistent acute kidney injury (AKI).

Two cases of malignant hypertension presenting with acute kidney injury, thrombocytopenia and hemolytic anemia are presented. In both patients a prolonged duration of renal replacement therapy was required. The plasma levels of ADAMTS13 enzyme were not helpful in delineating the precise pathogenesis in both cases, as the decrements were not severe. We discuss the clinic-pathologic correlation of the biopsy findings and persistence of AKI.

Pulmonary hemorrhage with hematuria: do not forget IgA nephropathy.

IgA nephropathy is the commonest cause of glomerulonephritis worldwide, and is usually a renal-limited disease. In rare cases, IgA nephropathy may also present with a pulmonary-renal syndrome in which pulmonary hemorrhage is a critical feature. Patients presenting with IgA nephropathy and pulmonary hemorrhage have high morbidity and are at high risk for mortality unless rapid immunosuppressive therapy is instituted. We present a case of IgA nephropathy complicated by pulmonary hemorrhage in which immunosuppressive therapy led to a good outcome, and review the literature on similar cases and the outcome of therapy.