RESUMO
Low-molecular-weight heparins are a class of drugs derived from the enzymatic depolymerization of unfractionated heparin that includes enoxaparin. Several studies have been performed on enoxaparin in recent years, in particular for the prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism and for the treatment of acute coronary syndrome. Furthermore, the use of enoxaparin has been extended to other clinical situations that require antithrombotic pharmacological prevention, such as hemodialysis and recurrent abortion. In this review, we report the main clinical experiences of using enoxaparin in the prevention of VTE in nonsurgical patients.
Assuntos
Síndrome Coronariana Aguda , Enoxaparina , Feminino , Gravidez , Humanos , Enoxaparina/farmacologia , Enoxaparina/uso terapêutico , Heparina , Heparina de Baixo Peso Molecular , PacientesRESUMO
Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) represents a risk factor for cardiovascular events. The first-line treatment includes the use of compression stockings and lifestyle changes. Natural products, such as flavonoids, could be used to improve the effects of compression therapy due to their anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. This study aims to evaluate the effects of a dietary supplement containing baicalin, bromeline and escin in CVI patients. A retrospective cohort study was performed by using the medical records of CVI affected outpatients. Patients treated with the dietary supplement were defined as "users". A modified Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS) was calculated, including pain, inflammation, vessels induration and skin pigmentation. All clinical variables were evaluated at baseline (T0), after 30 (T1) and 90(T2) days in "users" and "non-users". Out of 62 patients, 30 (48.4%) were "users". No difference was observed between groups at baseline. A lower VCSS value was recorded in "users" than that observed in "non-users" at T2 (7.0 (4.0-9.0) vs. 9.0 (5.0-10.0); p = 0.025). Vessels' induration and pain significantly reduced in 53.3% and 43.3% of "users" and in 18.8% and 9.4% of "non-users". Only "users" (33.3%) showed a reduction of the inflammatory signs as well as a decrease in malleolar circumference, from 29.0 (26.5-30.0) to 27.5 (26.0-28.5) (p < 000.1). A reduction of C-reactive Protein levels was found in "users" compared to "non-users" at T2 (1.0 (0.9-1.2) vs. 1.3 (1.0-1.5); p = 0.006). These findings suggest that implementation of a dietary supplement could improve the clinical outcomes of CVI patients.