RESUMO
The objective of this double-blind, placebo-controlled study was to elucidate the effects of fermented milk containing Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris FC (FC) on defaecation in healthy young women. We included 31 women (18-31 years old) who were randomly selected into two groups. Subjects in the test group consumed fermented milk containing FC, while subjects in the placebo group consumed non-fermented gelled milk. In the test group, defaecation frequency (both in days and times per week) and stool volume significantly increased during the consumption of fermented milk containing FC compared with before consumption. These effects were also observed in subjects with mild constipation. Furthermore, in subjects with mild constipation, stool ammonia concentration was significantly lower in the test group than that in the placebo group after 4 weeks. These results suggest that fermented milk containing FC is beneficial for improving defaecation and faecal properties.
Assuntos
Povo Asiático , Produtos Fermentados do Leite , Defecação , Lactococcus lactis , Adolescente , Adulto , Fezes , Feminino , Humanos , Probióticos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
PURPOSE: Tumor vascular density may provide a prognostic indicator of metastatic potential or survival. The purpose of this study was to develop 99mTc-ethylenedicysteine-endostatin (99mTc-EC-endostatin) for the evaluation of anti-angiogenesis therapy. METHOD: 99mTc-EC-endostatin was prepared by conjugating ethylenedicysteine (EC) to endostatin, followed by adding pertechnetate and tin chloride. Radiochemical purity was > 95%. In vitro cell viability, affinity and TUNEL assays were performed. Tissue distribution and planar imaging of radiolabeled endostatin were determined in tumor-bearing rats. To assess anti-angiogenic treatment response, rats were treated with endostatin, paclitaxel and saline, followed by imaging with 99mTc-EC-endostatin. Tumor response to endostatin therapy in tumor-bearing animal models was assessed by correlating tumor uptake dose with microvessel density, VEGF, bFGF and IL-8 expression during endostatin therapy. RESULTS: In vitro cell viability and TUNEL assays indicated no marked difference between EC-endostatin and endostatin. Cellular uptake assay suggests that endostatin binds to endostatin receptor. Biodistribution of 99mTc-EC-endostatin in tumor-bearing rats showed increased tumor-to-tissue count density ratios as a function of time. Tumor uptake (%ID/g) of 99mTc-EC-endostatin was 0.2-0.5. Planar images confirmed that the tumors could be visualized clearly with 99mTc-EC-endostatin. The optimal time for imaging using radiolabeled endostatin was 2 hrs. 99mTc-EC-endostatin could assess treatment response. There was a correlation between tumor uptake and cellular targets expression. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that it is feasible to use 99mTc-EC-endostatin to assess efficiency of anti-angiogenesis therapy.
Assuntos
Inibidores da Angiogênese/uso terapêutico , Colágeno/uso terapêutico , Cisteína/análogos & derivados , Cisteína/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias Mamárias Experimentais/irrigação sanguínea , Neovascularização Patológica/tratamento farmacológico , Fragmentos de Peptídeos/uso terapêutico , Inibidores da Angiogênese/farmacocinética , Animais , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/farmacologia , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Apoptose/efeitos da radiação , Colágeno/farmacocinética , Cisteína/farmacocinética , Endostatinas , Fatores de Crescimento Endotelial/metabolismo , Feminino , Fator 2 de Crescimento de Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Marcação In Situ das Extremidades Cortadas , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intercelular/metabolismo , Interleucina-8/metabolismo , Linfocinas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Mamárias Experimentais/diagnóstico por imagem , Neovascularização Patológica/metabolismo , Paclitaxel/farmacologia , Fragmentos de Peptídeos/farmacocinética , Cintilografia , Ratos , Ratos Endogâmicos F344 , Tecnécio/farmacocinética , Tecnécio/uso terapêutico , Células Tumorais Cultivadas/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Tumorais Cultivadas/metabolismo , Células Tumorais Cultivadas/efeitos da radiação , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular , Fatores de Crescimento do Endotélio VascularRESUMO
PURPOSE: DNA markers are useful in assessing cell proliferation. The purpose of this study was to synthesize (99m)Tc-ethylenedicysteine-guanine (EC-Guan) for evaluation of cell proliferation. METHODS: Tumor cells were incubated with (99m)Tc-EC-Guan for cell cycle analysis. Prostate tumor cells that were overexpressing the HSV thymidine kinase gene, or various tumor cells were incubated with (99m)Tc-EC-Guan at 0.5-2 h. Thymidine incorporation assays were performed in lung cancer cells incubated with EC-Guan at 0.1-1 mg/well. Tissue distribution, autoradiography, and planar scintigraphy of (99m)Tc-EC-Guan and (99m)Tc-EC (control) were determined in tumor-bearing rodents at 0.5-4 h. RESULTS: Cell culture assays indicated that EC-Guan was incorporated in DNA, and there was no significant uptake difference between HSVTK overexpressed and normal groups. Biodistribution and scintigraphic imaging studies of (99m)Tc-EC-Guan showed increased tumor/tissue count density ratios as a function of time. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that (99m)Tc-EC-Guan may be useful as a tumor proliferation imaging agent.