A Cross-sectional Survey-based Study of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Towards Uses of Cosmetics and Cosmetovigilance in India.

Background: In India, the cosmetics industry has expanded significantly because of changing lifestyles and increased awareness. In terms of earning the most money from the personal care and cosmetics industry in 2021, India is ranked fourth globally. Many cosmetics sold in India include ingredients that cannot be used on humans. Objective: To assess knowledge, attitudes, and practice toward the uses of cosmetics and cosmetovigilance in India. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, from April to May 2022, among the general population living in the Delhi NCR region, India. Study questionnaires (printed and survey link) were distributed in public as well as at workplaces for the survey. Results: Around 268 (54.78%) females and 223 (45.21%) males participated in the survey. Amongst the total respondents - 407 (83%) agreed that they are using cosmetic products on a daily basis, females 229 (85.44%), being the majority users compared to males 178 (80%), with a significant P value = 0.011. Most of the people reported side effects of shampoos - 7.13% (hair fall, hair thinning, dryness of the scalp, itching), followed by allergic reactions to moisturizers - 5.70%. Conclusion: Because of the right safety and effectiveness mentorship of cosmetics, regulatory agencies and stakeholders should adopt this broadly. Cosmetovigilance needs to be put into practice.

Mucormycosis causing extensive destruction of maxilla.

Mucormycosis is a rare, often fatal opportunistic infection caused by a saprophytic fungus belonging to a class of Phycomycetes. It is characterized by its unrelenting progression towards vital organs with marked propensity towards arterial wall by direct extension producing vascular thrombosis leading to ischaemic necrosis. In normal circumstances the saprophytes are not pathogenic but represent opportunist-requiring impairments in patient's resistance to disease. If not treated the disease may prove fatal. We report a case of Mucormycosis with extensive necrosis of the maxilla in a 57-year-old patient suffering from uncontrolled diabetes with ketoacidosis.

Assessment of Langerhans cells in oral lichen planus by ATPase histochemistry: a clinicopathologic correlation.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the distribution pattern of Langerhans cells in oral lichen planus using adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) histochemistry and to correlate this with the duration of symptoms. METHOD AND MATERIALS: Included were fresh unfixed tissues from previously untreated cases that were clinically and histologically diagnosed as oral lichen planus (n=18). Healthy oral mucosal tissues were used as controls (n=5). ATPase activity in the Langerhans cells from the tissue samples was assessed by enzyme histochemistry. RESULTS: The difference in the distribution pattern of Langerhans cells in the superficial and basal half of the epithelium in both the lesional and control tissue was significant (P<.001, Mann-Whitney U test). With an increase in duration of symptoms, the median migration of cells from superficial position to the basal half was significant (P=.001, Kruskal-Wallis test). A negative correlation (Pearson correlation coefficient) was seen between duration of symptoms and migration of cells. CONCLUSION: The initial increase in the number of Langerhans cells in the lesional tissues compared to controls suggests that these cells are critically required for both the initiation and progression of the mucosal immune response in oral lichen planus. Variation in their number and distribution bear clinical importance as objective assessment of long-standing lesions could be made with reference to treatment planning.