One-year incidence, predictors, and accuracy of prediction of suicidal thoughts and behaviors from the first to second year of university.

BACKGROUND: Research is scarce on the prospective predictors of first onset suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STB) and the accuracy of these predictors in university students, particularly in low-and-middle income countries. Therefore, we assessed the 1-year incidence of STB among first-year students, a broad range of prospective predictors of STB incidence, and evaluated the prediction accuracy of a baseline multivariate risk prediction model to identify students at highest risk for STB onset over the subsequent 12 months. METHODS: Students (n = 3238) from 13 universities in Mexico completed an online survey developed for the World Mental Health International College Student Surveys in their first year and again 12 months after. We ran generalized linear models and receiver operator curves. RESULTS: The 1-year incidence of suicidal ideation, plan and attempt was 8.53%, 3.75%, and 1.16%, respectively. Predictors in final models were female sex (ideation only), minority sexual orientation (ideation only), depression, eating disorders, ADHD (ideation and plan), ongoing arguments or breakup with a romantic partner (ideation only), emotional abuse (ideation only), parental death (ideation, plan), not Catholic/Christian (ideation, plan), not having someone to rely on, psychotic experiences (plan only), and insufficient sleep (attempt only). Prediction accuracy for ideation, plan and attempt was area under the curve = 0.76, 0.81 and 0.78, respectively. Targeting the top 10% of students at highest risk could reduce STB in the subsequent year up to 36%. CONCLUSIONS: By assessing these risk/protective factors in incoming students we identified students at greatest risk for developing STB to whom suicide prevention strategies could be targeted.

Cintura hipertrigliceridémica y resistencia a la insulina en una comunidad rural y una urbana de Tinaquillo, Venezuela

Objetivo: Evaluar la frecuencia de circunferencia hipertrigliceridémica (CHT) y resistencia a la insulina (RI), y su asociación con otros factores de riesgo cardiovascular, en una comunidad rural y una urbana de Tinaquillo, Estado Cojedes, Venezuela. Métodos: Se evaluaron 89 individuos mayores de 18 años (45 pertenecientes a la comunidad rural y 44 a la comunidad urbana) a los cuales se les determinó peso, talla, circunferencia de cintura, presión arterial así como glucosa, insulina, triglicéridos, colesterol total, LDLc y HDLc en suero. Además, se aplicó una encuesta para medir antecedentes personales de enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV) y estilo de vida. Resultados: Se encontró una baja frecuencia de CHT (9%). Caso contrario, resultó la RI (51%), siendo elevada en ambas comunidades pero significativamente mayor en la comunidad urbana. La CHT en el grupo total se asoció estadísticamente con la presencia de insulinorresistencia y obesidad. Por su parte, la insulinorresistencia tuvo asociación estadística con obesidad y obesidad abdominal, tanto en el grupo total como en las comunidades evaluadas por separado. Conclusiones: Los resultados confirman que las comunidades próximas a la industrialización tienen un riesgo mayor a padecer ECV. No obstante, la comunidad rural mostró un cifra importante de RI, lo que indica que ésta población es igualmente propensa al riesgo cardiovascular, sugiriendo que los programas de promoción en salud emergentes deben tener alcance hasta las comunidades rurales y no limitarse a las comunidades urbanas.

Objective: To evaluate the frequency of hypertriglyceridemic waist (HTW) and insulin resistance (IR) and its association with cardiovascular risk factors in a rural community and an urban community Tinaquillo, Cojedes State, Venezuela. Methods: Eighty-nine individuals older than 18 years (45 belonging to the rural community and 44 from the urban community) were evaluated. Weight, height, waist circumference, blood pressure were measured, and glucose, insulin, triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDLc and HDLc in serum were determined. In addition, a questionnaire was applied to know personal history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and lifestyle. Results: A low frequency of HTW (9%) was found. By contrast, the frequency of IR was high (51%), which was high in both communities but significantly higher in urban community. HTW was statistically associated with the presence of IR and obesity in the total group. The IR was statistically significant with obesity and abdominal obesity in both the total group and in the communities evaluated separately. Conclusions: The results confirm that the upcoming industrialization communities are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease. However, the rural community showed a significant frequency of IR, indicating that this population is also prone to cardiovascular risk, suggesting that emerging programs in health promotion should be reach to rural communities and not just urban communities.