RESUMO
In a concluding session of the workshop, the participants developed a list of 115 research and outreach needs, outlining the top 5-7 needs in each of 8 areas (Table). For complete information, including presenter details and abstracts, visit the workshop website at www.hawaii.edu/cowielab/Angio%20website%20home.htm.
Assuntos
Doenças Transmissíveis Emergentes , Doenças Transmitidas por Alimentos , Infecções por Strongylida , Animais , Doenças Transmissíveis Emergentes/diagnóstico , Doenças Transmissíveis Emergentes/epidemiologia , Doenças Transmissíveis Emergentes/etiologia , Doenças Transmissíveis Emergentes/prevenção & controle , Doenças Transmissíveis Emergentes/terapia , Doenças Transmitidas por Alimentos/diagnóstico , Doenças Transmitidas por Alimentos/epidemiologia , Doenças Transmitidas por Alimentos/etiologia , Doenças Transmitidas por Alimentos/prevenção & controle , Doenças Transmitidas por Alimentos/terapia , Humanos , Cooperação Internacional , Moluscos/parasitologia , Pesquisa/tendências , Alimentos Marinhos/intoxicação , Caramujos/parasitologia , Infecções por Strongylida/diagnóstico , Infecções por Strongylida/epidemiologia , Infecções por Strongylida/etiologia , Infecções por Strongylida/prevenção & controle , Infecções por Strongylida/terapiaRESUMO
The population distribution and zoonotic potential of gastrointestinal helminths in a naturally infected population of wild rats (Rattus rattus and Rattus norvegicus) in Jamaica are described. One hundred and thirty (29.7%) of 437 rats captured in the study were infected: 104 (35%) of 297 R. rattus compared with 26 (18.6%) of 140 R. norvegicus. Nine species of gastrointestinal helminths were recovered: Raillietina sp. (0.2%), Trichuris sp. (0.2%), Rictularia sp. (0.7%), Syphacia obvelata (1.1%), Strongyloides ratti (1.4%), Hymenolepis diminuta (3.8%), Protospirura muricola (4.3%), Moniliformis moniliformis (11.2%), and Nippostrongylus brasiliensis (14.2%). In a logistic model, the single risk factor identified for both M. moniliformis and P. muricola was R. rattus, compared with R. norvegicus (OR = 8.369 and 9.714, respectively). In comparison, the risk factor predicted for infection with N. brasiliensis was the northeastern section of Jamaica (OR = 11.000) compared with western Jamaica. Rictularia sp. represents a new geographic distribution record for the Caribbean region. Hymenolepis diminuta, M. moniliformis, Raillietina sp., and Rictularia sp. are potentially zoonotic, but only human infection with H. diminuta has been previously reported in the Caribbean.
Assuntos
Helmintíase Animal/epidemiologia , Enteropatias Parasitárias/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Roedores/epidemiologia , Animais , Animais Selvagens , Feminino , Helmintíase Animal/parasitologia , Helmintíase Animal/transmissão , Helmintos/classificação , Helmintos/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Helmintos/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Enteropatias Parasitárias/parasitologia , Enteropatias Parasitárias/transmissão , Jamaica/epidemiologia , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Prevalência , Ratos , Doenças dos Roedores/parasitologia , Doenças dos Roedores/transmissão , Zoonoses/parasitologia , Zoonoses/transmissãoRESUMO
This work describes associations of Thiara (Tarebia) granifera, its larval trematode community, and Chaetogaster limnaei limnaei at a freshwater reservoir in Jamaica. Larvae of 2 trematodes were present, i.e., a notocotylid (15.3%) and Philophthalmus sp. (1.3%), in 3,575 T. granifera examined. The prevalence of both infections increased with snail shell length (H â=â 56, P < 0.01, H â=â 23.1, P < 0.01, respectively). Only 3.0% (n â=â 595) of infected snails possessed reproductive stages, compared with 90.3% (n â=â 2,980) of uninfected snails (χ(2) â=â 2,059.8, df â=â 1, P < 0.001); both trematodes negatively impacted snail reproduction. Chaetogaster l. limnaei occurred within the mantle cavity of T. granifera with a prevalence of 2.3% (n â=â 3,575); intensity ranged from 1 to 6 annelids. Notocotylid larvae occurred in 32.5% (n â=â 83) of snails also harboring C. l. limnaei, compared with 14.9% (n â=â 3,492) of snails lacking the annelid (χ(2) â=â 18.127; P < 0.001). Chaetogaster l. limnaei appears not to influence the recruitment of egg-transmitted, notocotylid infections to snails. Ingestion of emergent cercariae by the annelid was observed; this may impact transmission of the parasite. The article presents the first report of a notocotylid and C. l. limnaei in T. granifera, and of Philophthalmus sp. in Jamaica.
Assuntos
Oligoquetos/fisiologia , Caramujos/parasitologia , Trematódeos/fisiologia , Animais , Fertilidade , Água Doce , Interações Hospedeiro-Parasita , Jamaica , Estações do Ano , Caramujos/fisiologia , SimbioseRESUMO
After an outbreak in 2000 of eosinophilic meningitis in tourists to Jamaica, we looked for Angiostrongylus cantonensis in rats and snails on the island. Overall, 22% (24/109) of rats harbored adult worms, and 8% (4/48) of snails harbored A. cantonensis larvae. This report is the first of enzootic A. cantonensis infection in Jamaica, providing evidence that this parasite is likely to cause human cases of eosinophilic meningitis.