RESUMO
Central nervous system (CNS) tumors have complex causes and poor prognosis. Tumor heterogeneity is a major cause of treatment failure, and in-depth understanding of the biodiversity of CNS tumors is critical. Single-cell sequencing technology provides an opportunity to reveal the complex ecosystem of CNS tumors. In this study, we review the significance of single-cell sequencing in exploring the heterogeneity, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of CNS tumors from three aspects: tumor stem cells, tumor microenvironment, and cerebrospinal fluid. Although most of the findings have not been clinically applicable, they lay the foundation for the development of new guidelines for CNS tumors that help improve tumor prognosis and prevent tumor recurrence.
Assuntos
Neoplasias do Sistema Nervoso Central , Células-Tronco Neoplásicas , Análise de Célula Única , Microambiente Tumoral , Humanos , Neoplasias do Sistema Nervoso Central/terapia , Neoplasias do Sistema Nervoso Central/diagnóstico , Análise de Célula Única/métodos , PrognósticoRESUMO
Objective: To compare the acute hemodynamic effects of intravenous fasudil with different dosage on patients with congenital heart defects (CHD) and severe pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Methods: Sixty patients (37±17 years old) with CHD and PAH were consecutively enrolled. All patients underwent heart catheterization. The patients were randomly divided into two groups: the regular dosage group and the large dosage group. At initiation and 30 min after intravenous fasudil(30 mg and 60 mg respectively), the following hemodynamic parameters were measured and calculated: right atrial pressure(RAP), pulmonary arterypressure(PAP) , systemic artery pressure (SAP), pulmonary capillary wedge pressure(PCWP) , pulmonary vascular resistance(PVR) and systemic vascular resistance( SVR), cardiac index (CI) and artery oxygen saturation (SaO(2)). Results: Compared with pre-medication, both mPAP and PVR tended to reduce significantly in the regular dosage group and the large dosage group: mPAP from (63.7±8.6)to (58.3±8.5)mmHg(P<0.01) and from (62.9±8.8) to(55.1±7.8)mmHg (P<0.01), respectively; PVR from(9.9±4.3)to (7.7±3.9) Wood(P<0. 01) and from (9.5±4.9)to(6.1±4.8)Wood(P<0.01); CI tended to increase significantly in the two groups: from (2.9±0.9) to (3.1±1.1) L·min(-1)·m(-2)( P<0.05) and from(3.0±0.8) to (3.5±1.6) L·min(-1)·m(-2)( P<0.05), respectively . Compared with the regular dosage group, both mPAP and PVR tended to reduce significantly in the large dosage group: mPAP (8.2±1.8) vs (4.2±1. 0)mmHg (P<0.05); PVR(3.7±1.1) vs (2.1±0.8 ) Wood (P<0.05) .Meanwhile , there was no significant difference in CI, SAP, SVR and SaO(2) between the two groups. Conclusion: Fasudil could improve the acute hemodynamic effects of patients with CHD and severe PAH, especially in the large dosage group.
Assuntos
Cardiopatias Congênitas , 1-(5-Isoquinolinasulfonil)-2-Metilpiperazina/análogos & derivados , Adulto , Hipertensão Pulmonar Primária Familiar , Hemodinâmica , Humanos , Hipertensão Pulmonar , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the willingness of Chinese female sex workers (FSWs) to participate (WTP) in a clinical trial of microbicides; to explore the potential hindrances and facilitating factors; and to provide support for future microbicide clinical trials by tailoring their design to better meet the specific needs of FSWs. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. METHODS: In total, 404 FSWs were investigated using structured questionnaires. Exploratory factor analysis and partial least squares path modelling were used to explore the correlations between several influencing factors and WTP. RESULTS: The WTP of FSWs enrolled in this study was high (53.47%, 216/404). Possible benefits from enrolment in the trial were positively associated with WTP, while concern about a hypothetical microbicide, potential physical harm, economic loss from participation, and fear of family or social isolation were negatively associated with WTP. CONCLUSION: FSWs are appropriate participants in microbicide clinical trials, and are likely to benefit from effective microbicides. In a microbicide clinical trial, it is imperative to ensure protection of the rights, dignity, safety, confidentiality and welfare of FSW participants.
Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos/uso terapêutico , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Participação do Paciente/psicologia , Profissionais do Sexo/psicologia , Adulto , China , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Análise dos Mínimos Quadrados , Modelos Psicológicos , Profissionais do Sexo/estatística & dados numéricos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto JovemRESUMO
We evaluated the effects of an intra-aortic balloon pump on hemodynamics, brain natriuretic peptide concentration and cardiac function of patients with acute myocardial infarction, after reperfusion therapy. Sixty-three patients with acute anterior wall ST-elevation myocardial infarction who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention were given an intra-aortic balloon pump (32 cases) or not (control group, 31 cases). The mean pulmonary arterial pressure, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and cardiac index were measured with a Swan-Ganz catheter. The brain natriuretic peptide concentration was detected by immunochemiluminometric assay. Left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and left ventricular ejection fraction were measured by echocardiography. No difference in baseline was observed between the two groups on day 1 in the hospital. On day 5, mean pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure of patients with the intra-aortic balloon pump were significantly lower, and cardiac index of was higher than that of the controls, whereas no differences in left ventricular end-diastolic diameter or left ventricular ejection fraction were observed between the two groups. On days 5 and 90, the brain natriuretic peptide concentration of the intra-aortic balloon pump patients was lower than that of the controls. On day 90, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter was smaller in the intra-aortic balloon pump patients, but no difference in left ventricular ejection fraction was observed between the two groups. The intra-aortic balloon pump improved the hemodynamic index and cardiac function and decreased brain natriuretic peptide concentration in patients with acute anterior wall ST-elevation myocardial infarction.
Assuntos
Infarto Miocárdico de Parede Anterior/fisiopatologia , Infarto Miocárdico de Parede Anterior/cirurgia , Balão Intra-Aórtico/métodos , Reperfusão Miocárdica/métodos , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Infarto Miocárdico de Parede Anterior/terapia , Ecocardiografia , Feminino , Hemodinâmica , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Peptídeo Natriurético Encefálico/metabolismo , Volume SistólicoRESUMO
Objective:To investigate the values of electrocochleographï¼ECochGï¼in patients with OSAHS. Method:ECochG was performed in 31 (62 ears) OSAHS patients (moderately 5 cases, severely 26 cases) and 28 healthy adults (56 ears). AP latency ï¼AP amplitude and SP/AP were measured and analyzed. Result:There was no difference between the two groups in SP/AP amplitude ratioï¼P>0.05ï¼ while both AP latencyï¼P<0.05ï¼ and AP amplitudeï¼P<0.05ï¼ were significantly different. Conclusion:ECochG can confirm the damage of cochlear and auditory nerve near the cochlear segment in patients with moderate to severe OSAHS.