RESUMO
Accumulating evidence has reported that H19 long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) expression level is deregulated in human cancer. It has been also demonstrated that de-regulated levels of H19 could affect cancer biology by various mechanisms including microRNA (miRNA) production (like miR-675), miRNA sponging and epigenetic modifications. Furthermore, lncRNA could act as a potential diagnosis and prognosis biomarkers and also a candidate therapeutic approach for different human cancers. In this narrative review, we shed light on the molecular mechanism of H19 in cancer development and pathogenesis. Moreover, we discussed the expression pattern and diagnostic and therapeutic importance of H19 as a potential biomarker in a range of human malignancies from breast to osteosarcoma cancer.
Assuntos
Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Neoplasias/genética , RNA Longo não Codificante/genética , Animais , Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Epigênese Genética , Humanos , Neoplasias/diagnóstico , Neoplasias/patologia , Neoplasias/terapia , PrognósticoRESUMO
Recent investigations have indicated that altered expression of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) could be associated with human diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a new discovered class of ncRNAs with unique structural characteristics that involved in several molecular and cellular functions. Exploring of the circulating circRNAs as a reliable non-invasive biomarker for monitoring and diagnosing of human diseases has grown significantly. However, the molecular functions and clinical relevance of circRNAs are not yet well clarified in T2D. Accordingly, in this review, the involvement of circRNAs in the ß-cell function and T2D-related complications is highlighted. The study also shed light on the possibility of using circRNAs as a biomarker for T2D diagnosis.
Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/genética , Células Secretoras de Insulina/fisiologia , RNA Circular/genética , Biomarcadores , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicações , Humanos , Células Secretoras de Insulina/metabolismo , MicroRNAs/genética , MicroRNAs/fisiologia , RNA/genética , RNA Circular/biossíntese , RNA Circular/metabolismo , RNA não Traduzido/genéticaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: In this study, double-vortex-ultrasonic assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DVUDLLME) was applied to determine the concentration of vitamin B9, 5-methyl tetrahydrofolate (5-MeTHF) and vitamin B12 in human serum samples. METHODS: High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with DVUDLLME was applied to analyze vitamins B in patients with Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Then, significant variables were chosen and optimized using the hybrid Box-Behnken design and genetic algorithm. RESULTS: The detection limits of DVUDLLME-HPLC were 0.21 ng mL-1, 0.18 ng mL-1 and 55 pgmL-1 for vitamin B9, 5-MeTHF and vitamin B12, respectively. Subsequently, DVUDLLME-HPLC was applied to measure B vitamins and investigated their possible roles in susceptibility to COVID-19 infection. Fifty-seven percent of the patients without an underlying disease have significantly lower serum vitamin B12 levels in comparison to controls. CONCLUSIONS: The advantages of this method are low detection limit, simple preparation, low retention time and the use of a cheaper technique instead of expensive mass detectors. The results suggest that vitamin B12 deficiency may decrease the immune system defenses against COVID-19 patients without an underlying disease and cause the disease to become severe. However, these works need a large population and further research, such as a randomized trial and a cohort study.