Oxidative stress, biofilm-formation and activity responses of P. aeruginosa to microplastic-treated sediments: Effect of temperature and sediment type.

Climate change and plastic pollution are the big environmental problems that the environment and humanity have faced in the past and will face in many decades to come. Sediments are affected by many pollutants and conditions, and the behaviors of microorganisms in environment may be influenced due to changes in sediments. Therefore, the current study aimed to explore the differential effects of various microplastics and temperature on different sediments through the metabolic and oxidative responses of gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The sediments collected from various fields including beaches, deep-sea discharge, and marine industrial areas. Each sediment was extracted and then treated with various microplastics under different temperature (-18, +4, +20 and 35 °C) for seven days. Then microplastics were removed from the suspension and microplastic-exposed sediment samples were incubated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa to test bacterial activity, biofilm, and oxidative characteristics. The results showed that both the activity and the biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa increased with the temperature of microplastic treatment in the experimental setups at the rates between an average of 2-39 % and 5-27 %, respectively. The highest levels of bacterial activity and biofilm formation were mainly observed in the beach area (average rate +25 %) and marine industrial (average rate +19 %) sediments with microplastic contamination, respectively. Moreover, oxidative characteristics significantly linked the bacterial activities and biofilm formation. The oxidative indicators of Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed that catalase and glutathione reductase were more influenced by microplastic contamination of various sediments than superoxide dismutase activities. For instance, catalase and glutathione reductase activities were changed between -37 and +169 % and +137 to +144 %, respectively; however, the superoxide dismutase increased at a rate between +1 and + 21 %. This study confirmed that global warming as a consequence of climate change might influence the effect of microplastic on sediments regarding bacterial biochemical responses and oxidation characteristics.

A Comparative Study on the Interaction Between Protein and PET Micro/Nanoplastics: Structural and Surface Characteristics of Particles and Impacts on Lung Carcinoma Cells (A549) and Staphylococcus aureus.

The interaction between particles and proteins is a key factor determining the toxicity responses of particles. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the interaction between the emerging pollutant polyethylene terephthalate micro/nanoplastics from water bottles with bovine serum albumin. The physicochemical characteristics of micro/nanoplastics were investigated using nuclear magnetic resonance, x-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, dynamic light scattering, and x-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy after exposure to various concentrations and durations of protein. Furthermore, the impact of protein-treated micro/nanoplastics on biological activities was examined using the mitochondrial activity and membrane integrity of A549 cells and the activity and biofilm production of Staphylococcus aureus. The structural characteristics of micro/nanoplastics revealed an interaction with protein. For instance, the assignment of protein-related new proton signals (e.g., CH2, methylene protons of CH2O), changes in available protons s (e.g., CH and CH3), crystallinity, functional groups, elemental ratios, zeta potentials (-11.3 ± 1.3 to -12.4 ± 1.7 to 25.5 ± 2.3 mV), and particle size (395 ± 76 to 496 ± 60 to 866 ± 82 nm) of micro/nanoplastics were significantly observed after protein treatment. In addition, the loading (0.012-0.027 mM) and releasing (0.008-0.013 mM) of protein also showed similar responses with structural characteristics. Moreover, the cell-based responses were changed regarding the structural and surface characteristics of micro/nanoplastics and the loading efficiencies of protein. For example, insignificant mitochondrial activity (2%-10%) and significant membrane integrity (12%-28%) of A549 cells increased compared with control, and reductions in bacterial activity (5%-40%) in many cases and biofilm production specifically at low dose of all treatment stages (13%-46% reduction) were observed.

Year-long and seasonal differences of PM2.5 chemical characteristics and their role in the viability of human lung epithelial cells (A549).

Fine particulate matters-PM2.5 in the air can have considerable negative effects on human health and the environment. Various human cell-based studies examined the effect of PM2.5 on human health in different cities of the world using various chemical parameters. Unfortunately, limited information is available regarding the relationship between toxicity and chemical characteristics of PM2.5 collected in Istanbul, Türkiye, located in one of the most populated cities in the world. To investigate the chemical characteristics and cytotoxicity of PM2.5 in Istanbul, samples were collected for 12 months, then potentially toxic metals, oxidative potential, and particle indicators (e.g., functional groups and elements) were determined, and the cytotoxicity of PM2.5 on human A549 lung alveolar epithelial cells was examined. The mean PM2.5 mass concentration was 24.0 ± 17.4 µg m-3 and higher in cold months compared to other seasons. Moreover, the results of the metals, elemental, and functional groups indicated that seasonal and monthly characteristics were influenced by the regional anthropogenic sources and photochemistry input. The cytotoxicity results also showed that the viability of A549 cells was reduced with the exposure of PM2.5 (30-53%) and higher cytotoxicity was obtained in summer compared to the other seasons due to the impact of the metals, elements, and oxidative characteristics of PM2.5.

Exposure to phagolysosomal simulated fluid altered the cytotoxicity of PET micro(nano)plastics to human lung epithelial cells.

The occurrence of micro(nano)plastics into various environmental and biological settings influences their physicochemical and toxic behavior. Simulated body fluids are appropriate media for understanding the degradation, stability, and interaction with other substances of any material in the human body. When the particles enter the human body via inhalation, which is one of the avenues for micro(nano)plastics, they first come into contact with the lung lining fluid under neutral conditions and then are phagocytosed under acidic conditions to be removed. Therefore, it is important to examine the physicochemical transformation and toxicity characteristics after interaction with phagolysosomal simulant fluid (PSF). Here, we focused on exploring how the physicochemical differences (e.g. surface chemistry, elemental distribution, and surface charge) of micro(nano)plastics under pH 4.5 phagolysosome conditions impact cytotoxicity and the oxidative characteristics of lung epithelia cells. The cytotoxicity of lung epithelia cells to those treated with PSF and non-treated micro(nano)plastics was tested by various viability indicators including cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), MTT, and LDH. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity background was examined through the oxidative processes (e.g. reactive oxygen species, antioxidant, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and reduced glutathione). The results showed that all tested surface physicochemical characteristics were significantly influenced by the phagolysosome conditions. The staged responses were observed with the treatment duration, and significant changes were calculated in carbonyl, carbon-nitrogen, and sulfonyl groups. Moreover, the negativity of the zeta potentials declined between exposure of 2-40 h and then increased at 80 h compared to control owing to the chemical functional groups and elemental distribution of the plastic particles. The tested viability indicators showed that the micro(nano)plastics treated with PSF were cytotoxic to the lung epithelia cells compared to non-treated micro(nano)plastics, and SOD was the dominant enzyme triggering cytotoxicity due to the particle degradation and instability.

Sorption of thiamin (vitamin B1) onto micro(nano)plastics: pH dependence and sorption models.

As the carrier of various inorganics and organics from various media, micro(nano)plastics have an impact on the environment and human health. Recently, many studies have examined the sorption of various organics including antibiotics. However, while vitamins have critical roles in the environment and microsystems from humans to plant life, the sorption of vitamins onto micro(nano)plastics are still uninvestigated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the sorption of vitamin B1 onto various micro(nano)plastics from food packages under different pHs using batch technique; sorption kinetics and isotherms models were investigated as well. The results indicated that higher capacities were obtained between 360 min to 1440 min in polypropylene and polyethylene micro(nano)plastics, and similar kinetic behaviors observed in different pHs. However, the sorption responses (sorption capacity, equilibrium time) of polyethylene terephthalate and polystyrene were varied. The sorption kinetics between vitamin B1 and micro(nano)plastics showed that the pseudo-first-order model was better to fit for polyethylene terephthalate and polystyrene compared to the pseudo-second-order kinetics, however it was changed for polypropylene and polyethylene. Moreover, the obtained results suggest a complex nature of vitamin B1 sorption, including both chemical and physical sorption occur under various pHs and polymer types.

Characterizing the interaction between micro(nano)plastics and simulated body fluids and their impact on human lung epithelial cells.

Micro(nano)plastics are considered an emerging threat to human health because they can interact with biological systems. In fact, these materials have already been found in the human body, such as in the lungs. However, limited data are available on the behavior of these materials under biological conditions and their impact on human cells, specifically on alveolar epithelial cells. In this study, micro(nano)plastics were exposed to various simulated biological fluids (artificial lysosomal fluids and Gamble's solution) for 2-80 h. Pristine and treated plastic particles were characterized based on their surface chemistry, zeta potentials, and elemental composition. Various toxicological endpoints (mitochondrial membrane potential, lactate dehydrogenase, protein, and antioxidant levels) were examined using A549 lung carcinoma cells. The surface characteristics of the treated micro(nano)plastics and the toxicological endpoints of A549 cells were found to be influenced by the simulated biological media, specifically with high concentrations of the treated micro(nano)plastics and increasing exposure under biological conditions. Moreover, the toxicological endpoints were strongly linked to the chemistry of plastics and included multiple processes in response to the plastics; different biological pathways were obtained in artificial lysosomal fluid and Gamble's solution.

The association between air pollution parameters and emergency department visits and hospitalizations due to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases: a time-series analysis.

OBJECTIVE: In this study, the association between cardiovascular and respiratory Emergency Department (ED) visits and hospitalizations and Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) and particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 10 µm (PM10) was determined. METHODS: The records of a total of 632,223 people diagnosed with cardiovascular diseases (ICD-10 code I00-I99) and respiratory diseases (ICD-10 code J00-J99) at and over the age of 18 between 2012 and 2018 in three hospitals in Karaman in Turkey were examined in the present study. The daily 24-h averages for SO2 and PM10 concentrations were acquired in National Air Quality Monitoring. A time-series analysis with Poisson Generalized Linear Model was used. RESULTS: Among the air pollution parameters, the mean ± standard deviation of SO2 and PM10 were 16.2 ± 22.1 and 75.8 ± 48.2 µg/m3, respectively. An increase of 10 µg/m3 in SO2 was associated with a 3% [Relative Risk (RR), 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 2-4)] increase in cardiovascular ED visit and 2% (RR, 95% CI 2-3) increase in respiratory ED visit, and 1% (RR, 95% CI 1-3) increase in respiratory hospitalizations. An increase of 10 µg/m3 in PM10 was associated with a 1% (RR, 95% CI 1-2) increase in cardiovascular hospitalizations. CONCLUSIONS: Increases in SO2 are a risk factor for cardiovascular and respiratory ED visits, and respiratory hospitalizations. Increases in PM10 are a risk factor for cardiovascular hospitalizations.

Co-occurence of antibiotics and micro(nano)plastics: a systematic review between 2016-2021.

Pollution by plastics and antibiotics are emerging issues in the areas of the environment and human health. In recent years, several studies have documented the widespread occurrence of plastic particles in various environmental, as well as human, systems, and much research has focused on possible interactions of contaminants with microplastics. Thus, the co-occurrence of plastics and antibiotics has caused another global problem for the environment and human health. Therefore, we focused on the current knowledge in the field of the co-occurrence of plastics and antibiotics to summarize the available studies. In this review, categorization of the topics, contaminants details, such as polymer type, size and source, antibiotic type, and other experimental parameters were summarized and discussed. This study indicated that the sorption of antibiotics on plastics, antibiotic susceptibility in the presence of plastics, and antibiotic resistance gene onto plastics were the most frequently examined categories in this field. Moreover, the variability in the procedures and the processes, and the heterogeneity data of reporting between different studies on similar topic make it difficult to bring all results together and produce a comprehensive picture of the current knowledge. Therefore, it is suggested that further research should be done using this systematic study.

Degradation of subµ-sized bioplastics by clinically important bacteria under sediment and seawater conditions: Impact on the bacteria responses.

In this study, we investigated the interaction of submicron-sized bioplastics with environmentally and clinically important bacteria under seawater and sediment conditions. To examine the relationship between submicron-sized bioplastics and bacteria in seawater and sediment, we focused on the bacterial activation and their biochemical key events toward the protein, carbohydrate, lipid, and antioxidant response. In addition, culture-dependent biofilm formation on submicron-sized bioplastics and their characterization was performed. The results indicated that selected bacteria increased their viability both in seawater and sediment with the submicron-sized bioplastics in that the bioplastics decreased their mass at the level of 10-23%. However, the activation level and mechanism affected the polymer type, bacteria, and environmental media, and submicron-sized bioplastics promoted biofilm formation with enhancing basophilic characteristics of biofilms.

Interaction of amino acids with nanoplastic traces and their effect on Staphylococcus aureus.

In this study, we reported the interaction between plastic traces and vital amino acids (L-homocysteine, L-valine, and L-lysine) in an aqueous system and characterized this interaction by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy studies. Bacterial activity and biofilm formation and their characteristics of non-treated and amino acid-treated plastic traces was tested against the Staphylococcus aureus bacterial pathogen. The surface results showed that the carbonyl groups and oxygen to carbon ratios were increased, and the attachment of nitrogen- and sulfur-related substances on the plastic surface occurred by the homocysteine over time. Plastic traces showed particle surface deformation using the main functional groups (e. g. alkyne-alkene, vinyl, secondary alcohols, alkane-methylene) with the increasing lysine treatment; however, decreased oxygen to carbon ratio showed particle anti-aging. The most common functional groups were primarily deformed with the longer exposure to valine. The bacterial activity results showed that the Staphylococcus aureus activities were not primarily changed by the amino acid treatment compared to the non-treated plastic traces. However, amino acid treated plastic traces induced the biofilm formation and its characteristic due to surface deformation of functional groups and alteration of new substances on plastic traces.

Age-related physicochemical differences in ZnO nanoparticles in the seawater and their bacterial interaction.

To assess the fate and behavior of engineered nanoparticles in the environment, it is important to examine the physicochemical and toxicological transformation of nanoparticles as they age in seawater. In this study, we investigated how aging and seawater conditions altered the physiochemical structure of nanoparticles and affected their interactions with bacteria. For this purpose, zinc oxide nanoparticles were aged under different seawater conditions by keeping them in 1%, 10%, and 100% seawater for 1 day and 20 days. The main physicochemical parameters (surface chemistry, chemical composition, particle size, and zeta potential) and toxicity of aged nanoparticles towards gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa and gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus were examined. The results indicated that aged zinc oxide nanoparticles in various concentrations of seawater changed their surface chemistry, chemical composition, particle size, and zeta potentials. Growth inhibition results were observed in that the inhibition of gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria was higher compared with the gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria, and Staphylococcus aureus activated with the aged zinc oxide nanoparticles. Also, the results showed that the key biochemical factors affected by the aging and seawater concentration.

An insight into the dependency on sample preparation for (eco) toxicity assessment of TiO2 nanoparticles.

Assessing the environmental hazard of nanoparticles can be a challenging task using various testing strategies. However, to our knowledge, no information is available about the impact of the sample preparation on the toxicity and toxicity mechanism of nanoparticles. For this aim, three sample preparation methods and their available toxicity procedures were conducted to examine the (eco) toxicity of TiO2 nanoparticles using bacteria model system. To detail understanding of the effect of sample preparation, the key events on the inhibition were examined by physicochemical and antioxidant responses. The findings showed that the physicochemical and toxicological behavior of the tested TiO2 NPs varied according to the sample preparation method.

Similarities and Discrepancies Between Bio-Based and Conventional Submicron-Sized Plastics: In Relation to Clinically Important Bacteria.

In recent years, many studies have reported the harmful effects of plastic debris both on the environment and on human health. Therefore, the attempt has increased for the replacement of conventional plastics with bioplastics. On the other hand, not only the studies on the effects of bioplastics and conventional plastics in the field of micro-, submicron- and nano-sized are still very limited, but also knowledge of their relationship with clinically important bacteria. In this study, the effect of two end products made from bioplastics and their equivalent end products from conventional plastics were evaluated using clinically important gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. To evaluate the effect of the submicron-sized bioplastics and conventional plastics on the bacteria, their viability and activation and/or inhibition mechanism were performed towards the main biochemical (protein, carbohydrate, lipid and antioxidant) and physicochemical (particle size, zeta potential, chemical composition, and surface chemistry) phenomenon. This work highlights the similarities and discrepancies between bio-based and conventional submicron-sized plastics in relation to bacteria.

Biofilm Formation of Clinically Important Bacteria on Bio-Based and Conventional Micro/Submicron-Sized Plastics.

Micron/submicron-sized plastic debris in the environment is a global issue of increasing concern and may harm human health. A large number of studies have shown that plastic debris has various toxicological effects on different organisms. Thus, efforts have increased to replace conventional plastics with bioplastics. However, investigations on the relation of submicron-sized bioplastics- and conventional plastics to culture-dependent biofilm formation and their similarities and discrepancies are still very limited. For this purpose, two end products made from bioplastics and their equivalent end products from conventional plastics were used to examine the response of the biofilm formation of selected clinically important bacteria. To evaluate the similarities and differences of submicron-sized bioplastics and conventional plastics on biofilm formation, the physicochemistry (particle size, zeta potential, chemical composition, and surface chemistry) of the tested plastics was examined, as well as the characteristics of the biofilms (categorization, protein/carbohydrate).

Microplastic Occurrences in Sediments Collected from Marmara Sea-Istanbul, Turkey.

Microplastics are persistent, synthetic polymers that have managed to spread even to the most remote places on earth. Studies reporting on the abundance of microplastics have recently increased worldwide, which has raised environmental concerns among scientific communities. Nevertheless, evidence of microplastic contamination from Turkey is limited even though the location is a critical point and the population is higher than most countries in the region. Thus, we aimed to detect microplastics in sediment samples collected from the Marmara Sea in Istanbul-Turkey. In this study, fourteen sediment samples were collected and sub-sampled, then plastic debris was extracted, quantified and characterized by the morphology and polymer structure. The result revealed that all of the samples contained microplastics, and their concentrations ranged between 0.3 and 85.6 g/kg sediment, and the most abundant plastic types were acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, ethylene vinyl acetate, and polystyrene.

Influence of Al2O3 Nanoparticles on the Soil Elements.

The behavior of nanoparticles released to the soil has been extensively studied in recent years; however, the effects of nanoparticles on the distribution of soil elements and on sowing are still unknown. To this end, to examine the distribution of selected elements in soil, soil samples were treated weekly with 1.0 mg and 20.0 mg of Al2O3 nanoparticles for 3 weeks. Additionally, different types of plants (including taproot, fibrous root and ornamental bulbous plants) were sowed in the soil samples. After each treatment, surface soil samples were collected and digested with acid digestion. The concentrations of selected elements (Ca, Mg, Fe, Al, Cu, Co, Ni) were determined using a microwave plasma atomic emission spectrometer. Al2O3 treatment for 3 weeks, both low and high doses, had no effect on the Al content in soil samples when compared to the controls. Additionally, Al2O3 showed desorption properties on the analyte elements.

Interaction of PM2.5 airborne particulates with ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles and their effect on bacteria.

A significant knowledge gap in nanotechnology is the absence of standardized protocols for examining and comparison the effect of metal oxide nanoparticles on different environment media. Despite the large number of studies on ecotoxicity of nanoparticles, most of them disregard the particles physicochemical transformation under real exposure conditions and interaction with different environmental components like air, soil, water, etc. While one of the main exposure ways is inhalation and/or atmosphere for human and environment, there is no investigation between airborne particulates and nanoparticles. In this study, some metal oxide nanoparticle (ZnO and TiO2) transformation and behavior in PM2.5 air particulate media were examined and evaluated by the influence on nanoparticle physicochemical properties (size, surface charge, surface functionalization) and on bacterium (Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus/Gram-negative Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria) by testing in various concentrations of PM2.5 airborne particulate media to contribute to their environmental hazard and risk assessment in atmosphere. PM2.5 airborne particulate media affected their toxicity and physicochemical properties when compared the results obtained in controlled conditions. ZnO and TiO2 surfaces were functionalized mainly with sulfoxide groups in PM2.5 air particulates. In addition, tested particles were not observed to be toxic in controlled conditions. However, these were observed inhibition in PM2.5 airborne particulates media by the exposure concentration. These observations and dependence of the bacteria viability ratio explain the importance of particulate matter-nanoparticle interaction.

Evaluation of PCA3 and multiparametric MRI's: collective benefits before deciding initial prostate biopsy for patients with PSA level between 3-10ng/mL.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the contribution of multiparametric MRI and PCA3 assay, predecision of initial biopsy in PSA level between 3-10 ng/mL patients with normal digital rectal examination(DRE). MATERIALS AND METHODS: PSA level 3-10 ng/mL, patients, with normal DRE results and no previous prostate biopsy history, were included in this study. Each patient underwent multiparametric MRI one week before biopsy. Urine sample taking for PCA3 examination preceded the biopsy. Systematic and targeted biopsies were conducted. Patients with high PSA levels were seperated into two groups as: high PCA3 scored and low PCA3 scored. Then each group was divided into two sub-groups as: MRI lesion positive and negative. Tumor incidence, positive predictive values(PPV) and negative predictive values(NPV) were calculated. RESULTS: 53 patients were included between February 2013 and March 2014. Mean age 61.22 ± 1.06. Mean PSA value 5.13 ± 0.19 ng / mL. Mean PCA3 score 98.01 ± 23.13 and mean prostate size was 48.96 ± 2.67 grams. Fourty nine patients had both PCA3 score and multiparametric MRI. The PCA3's PPV value was 58.33%. If multiparametric MRI lesions are added to high PCA3 scores , the PPV appears to elevate to 91.66%. NPV of PCA3 was 96%. NPV was 95% when there was no lesion in the multiparametric MRI with low PCA3 scores. Sensitivity was 91.66% , specificity was 95% respectively. CONCLUSION: Adding multimetric MRI can also support biopsy decision for patients with high PCA3 value. When PCA3 value is low, patients can be survailled without any need to take a MRI.

Culture dependent analysis of bacterial activity, biofilm-formation and oxidative stress of seawater with the contamination of microplastics under climate change consideration.

Temperature changes due to climate change and microplastic contamination are worldwide concerns, creating various problems in the marine environment. Therefore, this study was carried out to discover the impact of different temperatures of seawater exposed to different types of plastic materials on culture dependent bacterial responses and oxidative characteristics. Seawater was exposed to microplastics obtained from various plastic materials at different temperature (-18, +4, +20, and +35 °C) for seven days. Then microplastics were removed from the suspension and microplastic-exposed seawater samples were analyzed for bacterial activity, biofilm formation and oxidative characteristics (antioxidant, catalase, glutathione, and superoxide dismutase) using Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus. The results showed that the activity and biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus were affected through oxidative stress by catalase, glutathione, and superoxide dismutase due to the microplastic deformation by temperature changes. This study confirms that temperature changes as a result of climate change might influence microplastic degradation and their contamination impact in seawater in terms of bacterial metabolic and oxidation reactions.

Multispectroscopic Characterization of Surface Interaction between Antibiotics and Micro(nano)-sized Plastics from Surgical Masks and Plastic Bottles.

Recent studies have shown that plastic particles can sorb antibiotics, and these sorption properties have been examined in various studies; however, the possible mechanism responsible for the interactions requires a deeper investigation in terms of further interaction with living systems. Moreover, the usage of disposable surgical masks and plastic bottles has increased the plastic pollution risk for living systems like humans. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the sorption characteristics between antibiotics (amoxicillin and spiramycin) and plastic particles from surgical masks and plastic bottles through batch sorption experiments. In the study, their surface interactions were characterized using multispectroscopic approaches including FTIR, Raman spectrometry, and SEM-EDX, and various surface indicators (e.g., surface oxidation, deformation, and biological potential) were examined. The sorption results showed that adsorption kinetics and the isotherm of amoxicillin and spiramycin on micro(nano)plastics from surgical masks and plastic bottles closely fit the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmiur isotherm. These results indicated that the evidence for the antibiotic interaction with particles was changes in the surface functional group intensities and up-shifting, and this correlated with the sorption of antibiotics on micro(nano)-sized plastics. The C/N ratio of the plastic particles before and after antibiotic treatment was used as an indicator for the surface biological interaction, and the results showed that C/N ratios of surgical mask particles increased with both types of antibiotic sorption. However, the C/N of the particles from plastic bottles showed antibiotic type-dependence. The surface deformation indicators (e.g., O/C, C=O, C=C, and O-H indices) showed that the O/C ratios of micro(nano)plastics from surgical masks were higher with the amoxicillin and spiramycin sorption, and the C=O indices were positively linked with the amoxicillin sorption stages, whereas the C=C and O-H had a negative correlation with the amoxicillin sorption stages. Moreover, amoxicillin sorption influenced the O/C ratio and indices of O-H and C=C of micro(nano)plastics from plastic bottles in a limited manner. The C=O groups of the micro(nano)plastics from plastic bottles were positively influenced by the spiramycin sorption stages, whereas it was negatively linked with amoxicillin sorption stages. Overall, the findings from surface indicators indicated that the micro(nano)plastics from surgical masks can be more influenced with antibiotic sorption compared to plastic bottles.