Gut neuroendocrine signaling regulates synaptic assembly in C. elegans.

Synaptic connections are essential to build a functional brain. How synapses are formed during development is a fundamental question in neuroscience. Recent studies provided evidence that the gut plays an important role in neuronal development through processing signals derived from gut microbes or nutrients. Defects in gut-brain communication can lead to various neurological disorders. Although the roles of the gut in communicating signals from its internal environment to the brain are well known, it remains unclear whether the gut plays a genetically encoded role in neuronal development. Using C. elegans as a model, we uncover that a Wnt-endocrine signaling pathway in the gut regulates synaptic development in the brain. A canonical Wnt signaling pathway promotes synapse formation through regulating the expression of the neuropeptides encoding gene nlp-40 in the gut, which functions through the neuronally expressed GPCR/AEX-2 receptor during development. Wnt-NLP-40-AEX-2 signaling likely acts to modulate neuronal activity. Our study reveals a genetic role of the gut in synaptic development and identifies a novel contribution of the gut-brain axis.

Combining a machine-learning derived 4-lncRNA signature with AFP and TNM stages in predicting early recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Near 70% of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence is early recurrence within 2-year post surgery. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are intensively involved in HCC progression and serve as biomarkers for HCC prognosis. The aim of this study is to construct a lncRNA-based signature for predicting HCC early recurrence. METHODS: Data of RNA expression and associated clinical information were accessed from The Cancer Genome Atlas Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma (TCGA-LIHC) database. Recurrence associated differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELncs) were determined by three DEG methods and two survival analyses methods. DELncs involved in the signature were selected by three machine learning methods and multivariate Cox analysis. Additionally, the signature was validated in a cohort of HCC patients from an external source. In order to gain insight into the biological functions of this signature, gene sets enrichment analyses, immune infiltration analyses, as well as immune and drug therapy prediction analyses were conducted. RESULTS: A 4-lncRNA signature consisting of AC108463.1, AF131217.1, CMB9-22P13.1, TMCC1-AS1 was constructed. Patients in the high-risk group showed significantly higher early recurrence rate compared to those in the low-risk group. Combination of the signature, AFP and TNM further improved the early HCC recurrence predictive performance. Several molecular pathways and gene sets associated with HCC pathogenesis are enriched in the high-risk group. Antitumor immune cells, such as activated B cell, type 1 T helper cell, natural killer cell and effective memory CD8 T cell are enriched in patients with low-risk HCCs. HCC patients in the low- and high-risk group had differential sensitivities to various antitumor drugs. Finally, predictive performance of this signature was validated in an external cohort of patients with HCC. CONCLUSION: Combined with TNM and AFP, the 4-lncRNA signature presents excellent predictability of HCC early recurrence.

Inhibition of SK2 and ER stress ameliorated inflammation and apoptosis in liver ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) remains a major cause of mortality and morbidity after liver surgery. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a critical mechanism of inflammatory injury during hepatic IRI. In this study, we investigated the effect of sphingosine kinases 2 (SK2) on ER stress and hepatic IRI. We established hepatic IRI mice and hepatocellular hypoxia/reoxygenation in vitro model. We observed the SK2 and ER stress protein IRE1α expression. Then, we used an SK2 inhibitor and knocked down IRE1α/SK2, to observe the effect of SK2 during IRI. Our results showed that the expression of ER stress and SK2 was significantly elevated during hepatic IRI. Inhibition of SK2 ameliorated liver inflammation and reduced cell apoptosis in hepatic IRI mice. Consistently, we found that the inhibition of IRE1α also downregulated SK2 expression and reduced mitochondrial membrane permeability. Furthermore, the knockdown of SK2 could also reduce cell damage and reduce the expression of inflammatory factors but did not influence ER stress-related signaling pathway. Taken together, our results suggested that ER stress and SK2 played important and regulatory roles in hepatic IRI. Inhibition of ER stress and SK2 could significantly improve liver function after hepatic IRI.

Expression of STING Is Increased in Monocyte-Derived Macrophages and Contributes to Liver Inflammation in Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.

Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, aggravated by innate immune cell-mediated inflammatory response, is a major problem in liver transplantation. Stimulator of interferon gene (STING) is a crucial regulatory signaling molecule in the DNA-sensing pathway, and its activation can produce strong innate immunity. However, the STING-mediated innate immune pathway in hepatic I/R injury has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we first examined the STING expression changes in the liver tissues of mice after hepatic I/R injury by using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot assays. We then investigated the role of STING in I/R injury by using a murine hepatic I/R model. STING up-regulation in mouse liver tissues in response to I/R injury and STING deficiency in myeloid cells was found to significantly ameliorate I/R-induced liver injury and inflammatory responses. STING inhibitors were also able to ameliorate hepatic I/R injury. Mechanically, STING may have a protective effect on hepatic I/R injury by the inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha and enhancement of phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase to reduce macrophage activation. These findings show the potential regulatory effects of STING in hepatic I/R and suggest a new method for clinical protection of hepatic I/R injury.

Different responses of Japanese encephalitis to weather variables among eight climate subtypes in Gansu, China, 2005-2019.

This study evaluated epidemic temporal aspects of Japanese encephalitis (JE) and investigated the weather threshold of JE response across eight climate subtypes between 2005 and 2019 in Gansu Province, China. Epidemiological data were collected from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention (CISDCP). Three epidemic temporal indices [frequency index (α), duration index (ß), and intensity index (γ)] were adopted for the comparison of epidemic features among different climate subtypes. In addition, the local indicators of spatial association (LISA) technique was used to detect the hot-spot areas. The category and regression tree (CART) model was used to detect the response threshold of weather variables in hot-spot areas across climate subtypes. Among eight climate subtypes in Gansu, in most hot-spot areas (i.e., high-high clusters), α, ß, and γ were detected in the climate subtypes of subtropical winter dry (Cwa), temperate oceanic continental (Cwb), and continental winter dry (Dwa and Dwb). According to the CART analysis, a minimum monthly temperature is required for Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) transmission, with different threshold values among the climatic subtypes. In temperate climate zones (Cwa and Cwb), this threshold is 19 °C at a 1-month lag. It is lower in continental winter dry climate zones: 18 °C in Dwa (snow climate, dry winter, and hot summer) and 16 °C in Dwb (snow climate, dry winter, and warm summer). Additionally, some areas of the areas with temperate arid (BWk and BSk) had the first JE cases. Further studies to detect whether the climate change influence the JEV's distribution in Gansu Province are needed.

Toward Energy-Efficient Routing of Multiple AGVs with Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning.

This paper presents a multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) algorithm to address the scheduling and routing problems of multiple automated guided vehicles (AGVs), with the goal of minimizing overall energy consumption. The proposed algorithm is developed based on the multi-agent deep deterministic policy gradient (MADDPG) algorithm, with modifications made to the action and state space to fit the setting of AGV activities. While previous studies overlooked the energy efficiency of AGVs, this paper develops a well-designed reward function that helps to optimize the overall energy consumption required to fulfill all tasks. Moreover, we incorporate the e-greedy exploration strategy into the proposed algorithm to balance exploration and exploitation during training, which helps it converge faster and achieve better performance. The proposed MARL algorithm is equipped with carefully selected parameters that aid in avoiding obstacles, speeding up path planning, and achieving minimal energy consumption. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, three types of numerical experiments including the ϵ-greedy MADDPG, MADDPG, and Q-Learning methods were conducted. The results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively solve the multi-AGV task assignment and path planning problems, and the energy consumption results show that the planned routes can effectively improve energy efficiency.

Congruence couple therapy for alcohol use and gambling disorders with comorbidities (part I): Outcomes from a randomized controlled trial.

A nonblinded randomized trial was conducted at two Canadian provincial outpatient addiction clinics that tested the effectiveness of a systemic congruence couple therapy (CCT) versus individual-based treatment-as-usual (TAU) on nine clinical outcomes: (1) primary outcomes-alcohol use and gambling, psychiatric symptoms, and couple adjustment; (2) secondary outcomes-emotion regulation, substance use, depression, post-traumatic stress symptoms, and life stress. Data of primary clients and partners (N = 46) were analyzed longitudinally across baseline, posttreatment (5 months), and follow-up (8 months). Alcohol use disorder (95%) and gambling disorder (5%) were in the severe range at baseline, and co-addiction was 27%. Psychiatric comorbidity was 100%, and 18% of couples were jointly addicted. Between-group comparison favored CCT in primary outcomes with medium-to-large effect sizes (Cohen's h = 0.74-1.44). Secondary outcomes were also significantly stronger for CCT (Cohen's h = 0.27-1.53). Within-group, for all primary outcomes, a significant proportion of symptomatic CCT clients and partners improved, converging with ANOVA results of large effect sizes (0.14-0.29). All secondary outcomes improved significantly in CCT with large effect sizes (0.14-0.50). TAU showed significant within-group improvement in alcohol use, other substance use, and life stress with large effect sizes (0.16-0.40). Primary clients and partners made largely equivalent improvement within CCT and within TAU. Results were triangulated with clients' satisfaction ratings and counselors' reports. Overall, significant within-group effects were detected for CCT both clinically and statistically and between-group difference favored CCT. Future trials are required to validate these promising findings.

Sandplay therapy could be a method to decrease disease activity and psychological stress in children with systemic lupus erythematosus.

OBJECTIVE: Although the prevalence rate of childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) is far lower than that of adults, cSLE has a high rate of organ involvement, rapid development and poor prognosis, which is more serious than that in adults. And studies have shown that a wide range of physiological, functional, nerve, and organ damage will have a great impact on the mental health of children. At present, there is no relevant psychological intervention research for cSLE in China. This paper aimed to explore the effect of Sandplay therapy on mental health and disease activity of children with cSLE. METHODS: Forty childrens with cSLE were randomly divided into control group (CG) and intervention group (IG); the CG were treated with glucocorticoid, immunosuppressant and other drugs, while the IG were treated with Sandplay therapy in addition to drug therapy, at the time of 0, 2, and 4 weeks after initial diagnosis, respectively. The questionnaire evaluation and related clinical indicators of the two groups were compared and analyzed (before psychotherapy intervention) at 0, 2, 4, and 12 weeks after initial diagnosis. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the two groups in the evaluation of questionnaire and related clinical indicators at the time 0, 2 weeks after initial diagnosis respectively. At 12 weeks after the intervention, the score of Short version of the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI-S) in the IG was significantly lower than that in the CG, the score of The Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED) scale in the IG was significantly lower than that in the CG, and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL 4.0) showed that the scores of social function, school performance, and emotional health of the IG were higher than those of the CG (p < 0.05), and the clinical indexes of the IG were better than those of the CG (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Sandplay therapy may help to slow down the occurrence and development of anxiety and depression and reduce disease activity in patients with cSLE.

A Control Method with Reinforcement Learning for Urban Un-Signalized Intersection in Hybrid Traffic Environment.

To control autonomous vehicles (AVs) in urban unsignalized intersections is a challenging problem, especially in a hybrid traffic environment where self-driving vehicles coexist with human driving vehicles. In this study, a coordinated control method with proximal policy optimization (PPO) in Vehicle-Road-Cloud Integration System (VRCIS) is proposed, where this control problem is formulated as a reinforcement learning (RL) problem. In this system, vehicles and everything (V2X) was used to keep communication between vehicles, and vehicle wireless technology can detect vehicles that use vehicles and infrastructure (V2I) wireless communication, thereby achieving a cost-efficient method. Then, the connected and autonomous vehicle (CAV) defined in the VRCIS learned a policy to adapt to human driving vehicles (HDVs) across the intersection safely by reinforcement learning (RL). We have developed a valid, scalable RL framework, which can communicate topologies that may be dynamic traffic. Then, state, action and reward of RL are designed according to urban unsignalized intersection problem. Finally, how to deploy within the RL framework was described, and several experiments with this framework were undertaken to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Airborne particulate matter, population mobility and COVID-19: a multi-city study in China.

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging infectious disease, which has caused numerous deaths and health problems worldwide. This study aims to examine the effects of airborne particulate matter (PM) pollution and population mobility on COVID-19 across China. METHODS: We obtained daily confirmed cases of COVID-19, air particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10), weather parameters such as ambient temperature (AT) and absolute humidity (AH), and population mobility scale index (MSI) in 63 cities of China on a daily basis (excluding Wuhan) from January 01 to March 02, 2020. Then, the Generalized additive models (GAM) with a quasi-Poisson distribution were fitted to estimate the effects of PM10, PM2.5 and MSI on daily confirmed COVID-19 cases. RESULTS: We found each 1 unit increase in daily MSI was significantly positively associated with daily confirmed cases of COVID-19 in all lag days and the strongest estimated RR (1.21, 95% CIs:1.14 ~ 1.28) was observed at lag 014. In PM analysis, we found each 10 µg/m3 increase in the concentration of PM10 and PM2.5 was positively associated with the confirmed cases of COVID-19, and the estimated strongest RRs (both at lag 7) were 1.05 (95% CIs: 1.04, 1.07) and 1.06 (95% CIs: 1.04, 1.07), respectively. A similar trend was also found in all cumulative lag periods (from lag 01 to lag 014). The strongest effects for both PM10 and PM2.5 were at lag 014, and the RRs of each 10 µg/m3 increase were 1.18 (95% CIs:1.14, 1.22) and 1.23 (95% CIs:1.18, 1.29), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Population mobility and airborne particulate matter may be associated with an increased risk of COVID-19 transmission.

Monolayer Two-dimensional Molecular Crystals for an Ultrasensitive OFET-based Chemical Sensor.

The sensitivity of conventional thin-film OFET-based sensors is limited by the diffusion of analytes through bulk films and remains the central challenge in sensing technology. Now, for the first time, an ultrasensitive (sub-ppb level) sensor is reported that exploits n-type monolayer molecular crystals (MMCs) with porous two-dimensional structures. Thanks to monolayer crystal structure of NDI3HU-DTYM2 (NDI) and controlled formation of porous structure, a world-record detection limit of NH3 (0.1 ppb) was achieved. Moreover, the MMC-OFETs also enabled direct detection of solid analytes of biological amine derivatives, such as dopamine at an extremely low concentration of 500 ppb. The remarkably improved sensing performances of MMC-OFETs opens up the possibility of engineering OFETs for ultrasensitive (bio)chemical sensing.

Corannurylene Pentapetalae.

Despite the great advances in the synthesis of diverse nonplanar graphenoids, investigations into the relationship between structural features and intermolecular interactions still present significant challenges. Herein, the novel nonplanar graphenoid structure, corannurylene pentapetalae (CRP), obtained via bottom-up syntheses of hybridization between perylene diimide (PDI) planar fragments and a corannulene curved core, is presented. Single crystal studies reveal a D5-symmetric as well as a C2-symmetric graphenoid corannurylene pentapetalae. The D5-symmetric structure has a unique honeycomb lattice with two chiral honeycomb layers alternately stacked, whereas the C2-symmetric CRP forms dimer units via π-π stacking. Transistor devices demonstrate that, without any π-π stacking, the honeycomb lattice of the D5-symmetric CRP has the potential to also facilitate electron transport.

Simultaneous determination of plasma nicotine and cotinine by UHPLC-MS/MS in C57BL/6 mice and its application in a pharmacokinetic study.

Plasma concentrations of nicotine and its active metabolite cotinine are highly correlated with its biological effects. A UHPLC-MS/MS method was developed, validated and applied for nicotine and cotinine analysis in mice plasma. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a BEH HILIC column using acetonitrile (0.1% formic acid) and 10 mm ammonium formate as mobile phase. The gradient elution was performed at 0.4 mL/min with a run time of 3.6 min. The quantitative ion transition was m/z 163.1 > 130.0 for nicotine, m/z 177.1 > 80.0 for cotinine and m/z 167.1 > 134.0 for nicotine-D4 (internal standard, IS). For both nicotine and cotinine, the calibration range was 5-500 ng/mL with 5 ng/mL as the lower limit of quantitation, and the intra- and inter-day bias and imprecision were -4.61-12.00% and <11.12%. The IS normalized recovery was 90.62-98.95% for nicotine and 89.18-101.53% for cotinine, and the IS normalized matrix factor was 106.00-116.44% for nicotine and 100.34-109.85% for cotinine. Both nicotine and cotinine were stable under conventional storage conditions. The validated method has been applied to a pharmacokinetic study in mice to calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters for both analytes.

Internet of Things in Marine Environment Monitoring: A Review.

Marine environment monitoring has attracted more and more attention due to the growing concern about climate change. During the past couple of decades, advanced information and communication technologies have been applied to the development of various marine environment monitoring systems. Among others, the Internet of Things (IoT) has been playing an important role in this area. This paper presents a review of the application of the Internet of Things in the field of marine environment monitoring. New technologies including advanced Big Data analytics and their applications in this area are briefly reviewed. It also discusses key research challenges and opportunities in this area, including the potential application of IoT and Big Data in marine environment protection.

Tuning the number of redox groups in the cathode toward high rate and long lifespan zinc-ion batteries.

We synthesized a small molecule, DBPTO, and used it as a cathode material in aqueous zinc-ion batteries. DBPTO presented a high reversible capacity of 382 mA h g-1 at 0.05 A g-1 and a long lifespan of over 60 000 cycles. In the same π-conjugated skeleton, DBPTO (containing four CO and two CN groups) shows a narrower energy gap than TAPQ (containing CO and four CN groups), which leads to the superior rate and cycling performance of DBPTO. The mechanism of charge storage of DBPTO also revealed that H+ and Zn2+ coordinated with the CO and CN sites by ex situ structural characterization and DFT calculations. Our results provide new insights into the design of organic cathodes with a high rate capability and long lifespan. Further efforts will focus on a deeper understanding of the charge storage mechanism.

[miR-185-5p alleviates the inflammatory response of acute gouty arthritis by inhibiting of IL-1ß].

Objective To investigate the relationship between interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) and miR-185-5p in the process of joint injury in acute gouty arthritis (AGA). Methods The serum miR-185-5p levels of 89 AGA patients and 91 healthy volunteers were detected by real-time quantitative PCR. The correlation between miR-185-5p expression level and VAS score or IL-1ß expression level was evaluated by Pearson correlation coefficient method. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of miR-185-5p in AGA. THP-1 cells were induced by sodium urate (MSU) to construct an in vitro acute gouty inflammatory cell model. After the expression level of miR-185-5p in THP-1 cells was upregulated or downregulated by transfection of miR-185-5p mimics or inhibitors in vitro, inflammatory cytokines of THP-1 cells, such as IL-1ß, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), were detected by ELISA. The luciferase reporter gene assay was used to determine the interaction between miR-185-5p and the 3'-UTR of IL-1ß. Results Compared with the healthy control group, the expression level of serum miR-185-5p in AGA patients was significantly reduced. The level of serum miR-185-5p was negatively correlated with VAS score and IL-1ß expression level. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.905, the sensitivity was 80.17% and the specificity was 83.52%. Down-regulation of miR-185-5p significantly promoted the expression of IL-1ß, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), while overexpression of miR-185-5p showed the opposite results. Luciferase reporter gene assay showed that IL-1ß was the target gene of miR-185-5p, and miR-185-5p negatively regulated the expression of IL-1ß. Conclusion miR-185-5p alleviates the inflammatory response in AGA by inhibiting IL-1ß.

Suramin decreases injury and improves regeneration of ethanol-induced steatotic partial liver grafts.

Steatotic grafts are excluded for use in partial liver transplantation (LT) because of the increased risk of primary nonfunction. This study investigated the effects of suramin, a polysulfonated naphthylurea, on the outcome of steatotic partial LT. Rat livers were harvested after acute ethanol treatment (6 g/kg, intragastric administration), reduced in size to ≈ 1/3, and transplanted. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and total bilirubin levels as well as hepatic necrosis and apoptosis were significantly higher after transplantation of fatty partial grafts (FPG) than lean partial grafts (LPG). Suramin (5 mg/kg, i.p.) decreased ALT by ≈ 60%, hyperbilirubinemia by 75%, necrosis by 83%, and apoptosis by 70% after FPG transplantation. Hepatic cellular 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation increased to 28% in LPG but was only 2% in FPG at 48 hours, and the mitotic index increased to 7% in LPG but was only 0.2% in FPG, indicating suppressed regeneration in FPG. Suramin increased BrdU incorporation and the mitotic index to 43% and 9%, respectively, in FPG. All FPG recipients died within 5 days. Suramin recovered survival of FPG to 62%. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) mRNA was 2.2-fold higher in FPG than in LPG and was associated with activation of caspase-8 and caspase-3 in FPG. Suramin decreased TNF-α and caspase activation in FPG. Transforming growth factor-ß (TGF-ß), phospho-Smad2/3 and p21Cip1 were significantly higher in FPG than in LPG and suramin blocked TGF-ß formation and its down-stream signaling pathway. Taken together, suramin improves the outcome of FPG transplantation, most likely by inhibition of TNF-α and TGF-ß formation.

Behcet's disease seen in China: analysis of 334 cases.

For the purpose of investigating Behcet's disease in China, all the patients diagnosed as Behcet's disease in our hospital during the past 2 years were recruited into the study. The clinical and laboratory data of the patients were recorded and further analyzed; 334 patients were included with 195 males and 139 females. The mean age at onset was 35.8 ± 11.1 years. The most frequent initial manifestations were oral aphthae and genital ulceration. The common manifestations observed throughout the disease course were oral aphthae, genital ulceration and various cutaneous lesions. Besides these, many organs/systems including joint, eye, vessel, gastrointestine, nervous system, cardiovascular system, and pulmonary system were also involved in 28.4, 26.1, 17.4, 16.8, 9.6, 8.1, and 4.8 % of our patients, respectively. Involvement of ocular and vascular was more common in males than in females. Behcet' disease most frequently affects the Chinese patients aged 30-39 and displays a wide clinical spectrum with varieties of severe internal organ involvement. The disease is more common and severe in males than in females in Chinese populations.

Bending-Sensitive Optical Waveguide Sensor With Carbon-Fiber Layer for Monitoring Grip Strength.

With the gradual popularity of wearable devices, the demand for high-performance flexible wearable sensors is also increasing. Flexible sensors based on the optical principle have advantages e.g. anti-electromagnetic interference, antiperspirant, inherent electrical safety, and the potential for biocompatibility. In this study, an optical waveguide sensor integrating a carbon fiber layer, fully constraining stretching deformation, partly constraining pressing deformation, and allowing bending deformation, was proposed. The sensitivity of the proposed sensor is three times higher than that of the sensor without a carbon fiber layer, and good repeatability is maintained. We also attached the proposed sensor to the upper limb to monitor grip force, and the sensor signal showed a good correlation with grip force (the R-squared of the quadratic polynomial fitting was 0.9827) and showed a linear relationship when the grip force was greater than 10N (the R-squared of the linear fitting was 0.9523). The proposed sensor has the potential for applications in recognizing the intention of human movement to help the amputees control the prostheses.

Association between immunoglobulin G N-glycosylation and lupus nephritis in female patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a case-control study.

Background: Lupus nephritis (LN) is a crucial complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and has important clinical implications in guiding treatment. N-glycosylation of immunoglobulin G (IgG) plays a key role in the development of SLE by affecting the balance of anti-inflammatory and proinflammatory responses. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of IgG N-glycosylation for diagnosing LN in a sample of female SLE patients. Methods: This case-control study recruited 188 women with SLE, including 94 patients with LN and 94 age-matched patients without LN. The profiles of plasma IgG N-glycans were detected by hydrophilic interaction chromatography with ultra-performance liquid chromatography (HILIC-UPLC). A multivariate logistic regression model was used to explore the associations between IgG N-glycans and LN. A diagnostic model was developed using the significant glycans as well as demographic factors. The performance of IgG N-glycans in the diagnosis of LN was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and the area under the curve (AUC) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. Results: There were significant differences in 9 initial glycans (GP2, GP4, GP6, GP8, GP10, GP14, GP16, GP18 and GP23) between women with SLE with and without LN (P < 0.05). The levels of sialylated, galactosylated and fucosylated glycans were significantly lower in the LN patients than in the control group, while bisected N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) glycans were increased in LN patients (P < 0.05). GP8, GP10, GP18, and anemia were included in our diagnostic model, which performed well in differentiating female SLE patients with LN from those without LN (AUC = 0.792, 95% CI: 0.727 to 0.858). Conclusion: Our findings indicate that decreased sialylation, galactosylation, and core fucosylation and increased bisecting GlcNAc might play a role in the development of LN by upregulating the proinflammatory response of IgG. IgG N-glycans can serve as potential biomarkers to differentiate individuals with LN among SLE patients.